ANTI-ARTHRITIC ACTIVITY OF AMARANTHUS ROXBURGHIANUS NEVSKI HYDROALCOHOLIC AREAL PLANT EXTRACT IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC MODELS IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS

Objective: Evaluation of anti-arthritic activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Amaranthus roxburghianus Nevski aerial parts in albino Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: A. roxburghianus dried aerial parts were extracted with ethyl alcohol: water (70:30) ratio, respectively, by the hot Soxhlet method. Hydroalcoholic A. roxburghianus extract (HARE) was further concentrated to obtain a semisolid residue. Two doses 200 and 400 mg/kg of HARE were tested against formaldehyde-induced acute non-immunological and Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced chronic immunological arthritis in albino Wistar rats. Arthritis assessment was done by morphological studies (paw volume, paw diameter, and body wt.) and hematological parameters radiological, histopathological, and organ wt. studies were also done on the 28th day after animals were sacrificed. Results: Dose-dependent and significant inhibition of edema were observed in both acute as well as chronic models. The extract at dose 400 mg/kg showed most potent and significant (p<0.05) paw edema inhibition which is supported by the results of paw volume and diameter, hematological parameters, in FCA-induced arthritis model. Treatment with HARE also decreased the histopathological alterations induced by FCA model. Conclusion: HARE protects synovial membrane by improving the health status exhibits promising anti-arthritic activity. This finding thus supports the traditional use of A. roxburghianus for arthritis. However, further studies are needed to carry out the isolation of active constituents of the fraction responsible for the activity.

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HEMATOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF CANNABIS SATIVA INDICA LEAVES ON WISTAR RATS

International Journal of Advanced Research ◽

10.21474/ijar01/11830 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 107-110

Author(s):

Kiranmayi Varma Lanke ◽

◽

Sai Vardhan Myneni ◽

Krishna Reethika Chokkakula ◽

Kamala Vasanthi Karyamsetty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Bleeding Time ◽

Cannabis Sativa ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Total Leucocyte Count ◽

Clotting Time ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Red Blood Cell Count ◽

Cannabis Indica ◽

The Impact

Cannabis indica has widely reported traditional uses which include its use for stimulation and purification of platelets as well as body defense. Experiments were carried out to assess the impact of Cannabis indica leaf extract on hematological parameters of wistar rats. The results revealed that the extract (10–100 mg/kg p.o.) produced no significant change in the packed cell volume, haemoglobin, red blood cell count, total leucocyte count, monocyte, basophil, eosinophil, bleeding time and clotting time. Platelet count was significantly (P<0.05) increased at the dose of 100 mg/kg p.o. The results did not support the traditional use of the plant leaf for stimulation of blood production. It however showed improvement of non-specific immune responses involving phagocytosis and inflammation.

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Phytochemistry and Biological Activities of Iris Species Growing in Iraqi Kurdistan and Phenolic Constituents of the Traditional Plant Iris postii

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26020264 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 264

Author(s):

Hawraz Ibrahim M. Amin ◽

Faiq H. S. Hussain ◽

Soran K. Najmaldin ◽

Zaw Min Thu ◽

Mohammed Farhad Ibrahim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Chromatographic Separations ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Traditional Remedies ◽

Phenolic Constituents ◽

Total Antioxidant

A dozen Iris species (Iridaceae) are considered traditional remedies in Kurdistan, especially for treating inflammations. Phytochemical studies are still scarce. The information reported in the literature about Iris species growing in Kurdistan has been summarized in the first part of this paper, although, except for Iris persica, investigations have been performed on vegetal samples collected in countries different from Kurdistan. In the second part of the work, we have investigated, for the first time, the contents of the methanolic extracts of Iris postii aerial parts and rhizomes that were collected in Kurdistan. Both extracts exhibited a significant dose-dependent free radical scavenging and total antioxidant activities, comparable to those of ascorbic acid. Medium-pressure liquid chromatographic separations of the two extracts afforded l-tryptophan, androsin, isovitexin, swertisin, and 2″-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl swertisin from the aerial parts, whereas ε-viniferin, trans-resveratrol 3,4′-O-di-β-d-glucopyranoside, and isotectorigenin were isolated from the rhizomes. This is the first finding of the last three metabolites from an Iris species. The various remarkable biological activities of isolated compounds scientifically sustain the traditional use of I. postii as a medicinal plant.

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Antimalarial Effect of the Total Glycosides of the Medicinal Plant, Ranunculus japonicus

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10050532 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 532

Author(s):

Hae-Soo Yun ◽

Sylvatrie-Danne Dinzouna-Boutamba ◽

Sanghyun Lee ◽

Zin Moon ◽

Dongmi Kwak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chinese Medicine ◽

Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽

Plasmodium Berghei ◽

Antimalarial Activity ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

The Republic

In traditional Chinese medicine, Ranunculus japonicus has been used to treat various diseases, including malaria, and the young stem of R. japonicus is consumed as a food in the Republic of Korea. However, experimental evidence of the antimalarial effect of R. japonicus has not been evaluated. Therefore, the antimalarial activity of the extract of the young stem of R. japonicus was evaluated in vitro using both chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and chloroquine-resistant (Dd2) strains; in vivo activity was evaluated in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice via oral administration followed by a four-day suppressive test focused on biochemical and hematological parameters. Exposure to extracts of R. japonicus resulted in significant inhibition of both chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and resistant (Dd2) strains of P. falciparum, with IC50 values of 6.29 ± 2.78 and 5.36 ± 4.93 μg/mL, respectively. Administration of R. japonicus also resulted in potent antimalarial activity against P. berghei in infected mice with no associated toxicity; treatment also resulted in improved hepatic, renal, and hematologic parameters. These results demonstrate the antimalarial effects of R. japonicus both in vitro and in vivo with no apparent toxicity.

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Effect of the aqueous extract of the aerial parts of Monsonia angustifolia E. Mey. Ex A. Rich., on the sexual behaviour of male Wistar rats

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12906-015-0880-4 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Gerda Fouche ◽

Anthony J. Afolayan ◽

Olubunmi A. Wintola ◽

Tendani E. Khorombi ◽

Jeremiah Senabe

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Sexual Behaviour ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Male Wistar Rats

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PARKINSONIA ACULEATA AS A POTENTIAL PHYTOTHERAPIC FACTOR IN THE INFLAMMATORY AND DYSLIPIDEMIC CONTROL OF WISTAR RATS

American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology ◽

10.28933/ajmi-2021-06-1805 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

◽

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Serum Triglycerides ◽

Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽

Parkinsonia Aculeata ◽

Commercial Diet ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Westernized Diet ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Objective: The study evaluated the hypolipidemic and anti-inflammatory potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of P. Aculeata (HEPa/EtOAC) in Wistar rats fed with Westernized diet. Methods: The experiment was approved by the Ethics Committee (Federal University of Pernambuco-23076.027165 / 2010-21). The hydroalcoholic extract (HEPa/EtOAc) was obtained from the aerial parts of P. Aculeata and portioned by acetate/ethanol in different concentrations. 36 male Wistar rats were initially divided into two groups: Control (C, n = 6), fed a commercial diet (26g / 100g of protein; 63g / 100g of carbohydrates; 11g / 100g of lipids) and Westernized (W; n = 30) – fed an experimental diet (15g / 100g of protein; 51g / 100g of carbohydrates; 34 g/100g of lipids) receving water ad libitum. After 4 months of diet, W group was arbitrarily redistributed into six subgroups according to water supplementation, or different extracts concentrations: (n = 6 animals/group): W- distilled water (1mL/kg; po); WG – genfibrozil (140 mg/kg; p.o.); W35- 35 mg/kg; W70 – 70 mg /kg; p.o. and W140- 140 mg/kg; p.o for 30 days. The lipid profile and pro-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed. Results: The westernized diet caused dyslipidemia and the treatment with HEPa-EtOAc (140mg / kg), promoted a significant reduction in the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines, in total cholesterol, in the LDLc and serum triglycerides. Conclusion: The reduction of dyslipidemia and pro-inflammatory cytokines from the of P. Aculeata extract corroborate the ethnopharmacological potential of the plant, already used by the population for hypoglycemic purposes.

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Chemical Analysis by LC-MS of Cannabis sativa Root Samples from Northeast Brazil and Evaluation of Antitussive and Expectorant Activities

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/a-1628-2299 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pedro Modesto Nascimento Menezes ◽

Emanuella Chiara Valença Pereira ◽

Kátia Simoni Bezerra Lima ◽

Bismarques Augusto Oliveira da Silva ◽

Mariana Coelho Brito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Cannabis Sativa ◽

Phenol Red ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Medicinal Use ◽

Pharmacological Test ◽

Experimental Protocols ◽

Brazilian Northeast ◽

Future Therapy

Abstract Cannabis sativa is a millenary medicinal plant. However, contrary to worldwide paradigm-shifting, countries like Brazil still prohibit C. sativa cultivation and its medicinal use, even though many populations use aerial parts and roots of this plant for healthcare. As such, the objective of this work was to identify substances in the samples of the C. sativa roots, tracing a correlation with antitussive and expectorant effects. Therefore, samples of C. sativa roots were donated by the Polícia Federal Brasileira, and its aqueous extract (AECsR) was prepared with subsequent lyophilization, to maintain the material stability. After that, the material was analyzed by LC-MS to observe its chemical profile. Four samples (AECsR-A, B, C, and D) were tested in animal models of citric acid-induced cough (0.4 M) and phenol red expectoration (500 mg/kg). Using LC-MS it was possible to identify 5 molecules in C. sativa roots: p-coumaroyltyramine, tetrahydrocannabinol-C4, feruoiltyramine, anhydrocanabisativine, and cannabisativine. In experimental protocols, male mice (Mus musculus) were treated with samples of AECsR at doses of 12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg regardless of the pharmacological test. In these tests, all samples showed the potential to treat cough and promote fluid expectoration, differing only in the dose at which these effects were observed. Therefore, the data showed that the C. sativa roots of the Brazilian Northeast showed antitussive and expectorant effects, even with intense secondary metabolitesʼ variation, which alters its potency, but not its effect. This highlights the importance of this medicinal plant for future therapy and corroborates to traditional use.

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RESVERATROL INCLUSION COMPLEX WITH β-CYCLODEXTRIN (RCD): CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i1.15399 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 27 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

V. S. K. Nishihira ◽

N. J. Mezzomo ◽

M. D. Baldissera ◽

R. A. Vaucher ◽

C. G. Pinto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inclusion Complex ◽

Oral Administration ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Blood Parameters ◽

Control Group ◽

Scanning Calorimetry

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterise the resveratrol inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin (RCD) and evaluate their toxicity in wistar rats.Methods: The RCD were prepared in ultra-turrax. For characterization of the RCD were used: Fourier transform infra-red Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction. The RCD and others 4 treatments were performed by the chronic oral administration in 35 rats during 60 ds. After the treatments they were euthanized and the serum blood were collected to analyzed some hemogram and biochemical parameters including aspartyl aminotransferase (AST); alanine aminotransferase (AST); phosphatase alkaline (ALP); total bilirubin (TB); direct bilirubin (DB); total protein (TP); total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), calcium, iron and phosphate using fully automated biochemistry analyzer.Results: The characterization results indicated a successful formation of the RCD. All hematological parameters analysed were within the normal values in all the groups. Furthermore, the hemogram and biochemical parameters were significantly (P>0.05) similar to the control group.Conclusion: The daily oral administration during 60 d of RCD are not harmful on blood parameters of Wistar rats. Thus, RCD can be used safely for treatment of some metabolic diseases.

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A 90-Day Oral Toxicity of Hydroethanolic Root Extract of Carissa spinarum in Wistar Rats

Journal of Toxicology ◽

10.1155/2021/5570206 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Komlan M. Dossou-Yovo ◽

Aboudoulatif Diallo ◽

Povi Lawson-Evi ◽

Yendubé T. Kantati ◽

Tchin Darré ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Relative Weight ◽

Control Group ◽

Root Extract ◽

Weight Changes ◽

Oral Toxicity ◽

Significant Difference

Background. Herbal medication is a worldwide and ancient practice, mostly in developing countries, where a large part of the population is involved in this practice. Hence, studies must be conducted to evaluate their safety and efficiency to avoid or prevent toxicological risks due to their usage. In Togo, Carissa spinarum is a medicinal plant belonging to Apocynaceae family, used as an aphrodisiac or to heal some ailments including malaria, sickle cell anemia, hypertension, pain, and asthma. Notwithstanding its several ethnomedicinal benefits, just a few toxicological data associated with its chronic use are available. Objective. Therefore, this study aims to assess the toxicity of an ethanolic root extract of Carissa spinarum in Wistar rats. Methods. The 90-day oral toxicity process following OECD TG 408 guidelines is used. Male Wistar rats received Carissa spinarum root hydroethanolic extract at 500 and 1000 mg/kg for 90 days by oral gavage. Body weight changes, hematological and blood biochemical parameters, organ weight changes, malondialdehyde as a lipoperoxidation marker expressed according to tissue proteins, and histopathology of vital organs were assessed. Results. No signs of toxicity or mortality were observed during the 90 days experiment. Hematological parameters have not shown any treatment-related abnormalities. According to biochemical parameters, an increase in the chloride ion level was observed at 1000 mg/kg p < 0.01 . There was no significant difference between the treated groups and the control group concerning the malondialdehyde concentration, body weight, and organ relative weight. No changes in necropsy and histopathology of vital organs associated with extract treatment were observed. Conclusion. The results indicated that an ethanolic root extract of Carissa spinarum does not cause adverse effects, which can lead to Wistar rats’ death after 90-day oral administration at 500 and 1000 mg.

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