scholarly journals HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF 50% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF SEAGRASS RHIZOME (CYMODOCEA ROTUNDATA) AGAINST LIVER TISSUES IN PARACETAMOL-INDUCED RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Renita Dewi ◽  
Raesha Dwina Malika ◽  
Ade Mara Meilani ◽  
Fadlina Chany Saputri
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Cymodocea Rotundata

Objective: This study aimed to determine the hepatoprotective effect of 50% ethanol extract of seagrass rhizome in terms of serum glutamicoxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) activities in paracetamol-induced rat plasma.Methods: This study included 28 male, white rats randomly divided into seven groups. Groups I and II represented the normal control and controlgroups, respectively, administered with 280 mg/kg BW of rhizome extract. Group III represented the negative control group induced by a suspensionof paracetamol (2g/kg BW). Group IV represented a positive control group administered with Hepa-Q® at a dosage of 150 mg/kg BW. Groups V, VI,and VII were administered with seagrass rhizome extract at doses of 140, 280, and 560 mg/kg BW, respectively, before paracetamol induction. Thetest material was orally administered for 17 days. On days 12–17, the rats were induced with paracetamol through the same route. On day 18, bloodsampling was performed followed by SGOT and SGPT plasma measurements.Results: Our results revealed that seagrass rhizome extracts could significantly decrease SGPT and SGOT levels in paracetamol-induced rats (p<0.05)compared with those in the negative control group.Conclusion: Thus, seagrass rhizome extracts possess the potential for development as a hepatoprotective agent.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Apical Sealing Ability of Different Obturation Techniques by Confocal Microscopy: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Reetu Arora ◽  
Yogesh Kumar ◽  
Neetu Jindal ◽  
Renu Aggarwal ◽  
Kavneet Takhar
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Abstract Introduction The aim of obturation in the root canal is to completely seal the canal space to eliminate all the portals of entry and exit between root canal and periodontal space. Various techniques have been developed to achieve a hermetic seal. Materials and Methods As many as 150 extracted human maxillary central incisors were taken for the study. Biomechanical preparation was done up to F5 protaper file. According to different obturation techniques, samples were divided into six groups, keeping 30 samples in experimental and 15 samples in control groups. Group I–Lateral Condensation, Group II–Thermafil, Group III–Beefill, Group IV–GuttaFlow, Group V–Positive Control group, Group VI–Negative Control group. After obturation, the samples were immersed in 2% Rhodamine-B dye for 24 hours. Each sample was longitudinally sectioned to examine under confocal laser scanning microscope. Statistical Analysis The results were evaluated with ANOVA and posthoc Tukey honest significant difference (HSD) comparison test. Results The mean values of dye penetration of different groups were Group I (Lateral Condensation) 1.51 ± 0.451, Group II (Thermafil) 0.918 ± 0.399, Group III (Beefill) 1.30 ± 0.559. Group IV (GuttaFlow) 0.655 ± 0.396, Group V (Positive Control group) 1.96 ±0.046, Group VI (Negative Control group) 0 ± 0. The lowest mean value of apical microleakage was found in GuttaFlow amongst all experimental groups. Conclusion It can be concluded that the GuttaFlow obturating material exhibited better apical sealing ability with canal walls.

UJI POTENSI EKSTRAK DAUN BENALU BATU (BEGONIA SP) TERHADAP KADAR GLUKOSA DALAM DARAH DAN GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI PANKREAS TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (RATTUS NORVEGICUS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Joni Tandi ◽  
Dela Erni Paerunan ◽  
Nurifa Nurifa ◽  
Yunlis Silintowe Kenta ◽  
Sri Mulyani
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

This study aims to determine the potential for glucose levels in the blood of ethanol extracts of the begonias (Begonia Sp.), the effect of the extract on the pancreatic histopathology of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) which was induced by streptozotocin, and the effective dose begonias’ extract leaves on the histopathological descriptions of pancreatic male white rats. This study was an experimental laboratory where the research group consisted of group I (the control group) as a normal control was given a standard feed, group II (negative control) was given a 0.5% Na CMC suspension, group III (positive control) was orally given glibenclamide and experimental groups IV, V, and VI (doses 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg BW). Were given ethanol extract of begonias leaves. The results showed that the ethanol extract of the begonias (Begonia Sp.) contained secondary metabolite compounds, namely flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, polyphenols, and tannins. Ethanol extract of begonias leaves at adose of 50 mg/kg BW was an affective dose in reducing blood glucoselevels by an avarage of 101,8 mg/dL) and a dose of 50 mg/kg BW can affect the histopathological picture of the pancreas in STZ induuced rats with an average damage value of 2 from a maximum of 4.

scholarly journals Immunomodulator Activity of Effervescent Granule of Wualae Fruit (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M. Smith) Based on Specific Phagocytic Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adryan Fristiohady ◽  
Wa Ode Siti Zubaydah ◽  
Wahyuni Wahyuni ◽  
Mirda Mirda ◽  
Saripuddin Saripuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Etlingera Elatior

The previous study reported that Etlingera elatior (Wualae) has activity as immunostimulant with dose at 300 mg/kg BW and 400 mg/kg BW. Formulating natural product into effervescent granule (GE) can increase practicality and interest to consume traditional medicine. This study aims to investigate the immunostimulant activity of Wualae ethanolic extract in the effervescent granule. Wualae was macerated with ethanol then formulated into effervescent granule at dose 300 mg/kgBW and 400 mg/kgBW. Formulations were evaluated. Animals were divided into 4 groups and treated with: group I (positive control); group II (negative control); group III (GE dose at 300mg/kgBW); and group IV (GE at dose 400mg/kgBW) for 7 days and at days 8, groups were infected by Staphylococcus aureus intraperitoneally. Immunostimulant activity was measured by calculating the Specific Phagocytic Activity (SPA) of macrophage. Data collected from the evaluation and measurement of the SPA then analyzed using SPSS. Results from the evaluation were considered good except the moisture content of effervescent granule. Results from SPA was found that effervescent granule at dose 300 mg/kgBW and at dose 400 mg/kgBW have 26.33% and 32.5% consecutively with significance 0.02 (p<0.05). Thus, effervescent granule has comparable phagocytosis activity with positive control.

scholarly journals Bovine intestinal cellular responses following primary and challenge infections with Calicophoron microbothrium metacercariae

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mavenyengwa ◽  
S. Mukaratirwa ◽  
M. Obwolo ◽  
J. Monrad
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Challenge ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Positive Controls

This studyw as carried out to establish whether cattle can develop resistance to re-infectionby Calicophoron microbothrium by assessing the response of intestinal mucosal globule leukocytese, osinophils, mast cells and basophils, and the establishment of the parasite in the host. A total of 241-year old Tuli steers were randomly divided into four groups of six animals each and infected with C. microbothriumm etacercariae. On the first day of the study, animals in Groups I and II were immunized with 5000 metacercariae and then challenged with 15000 metacercariae on Day 150 post immunization. Animals in Group III were immunized with 15000 metacercariae at the same time that Groups I and II animals were challenged to act as a positive control group Animals in Group IV were left uninfected and acted as a negative control group. Three animals from each group were slaughtered on Day 28 post-challenge and the remainder were slaughtered on Day 42 post-challenge. The established amphistomes were recovered and histopathological and cytological examinations were done on the jejunum, duodenuma, bomasum and the rumen. The establishment rates of the challenge infection in the immunized and challenged groups were lower and ranged from 0 to 0.2% as compared to 6% from naive animals infected as positive controls. Animals immunized and then challenged with C. microbothrium had significantly higher eosinophil, mast cell and globule leukocytes counts in the intestinal mucosa (P < 0.05) as compared to those of the control group. The study indicates that cattle can develop resistance to C. microbothrium re-infection and that eosinophils and mast cells may be important cells in the rejection of the parasite.

scholarly journals Analgesic Activity of Ethanolic Extracts of Karika Leaves (Carica pubescens) In Vivo

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heru Sasongko ◽  
Sugiyarto Sugiyarto ◽  
Nur Rohman Efendi ◽  
Diah Pratiwi ◽  
Ahmad Dwi Setyawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Chemically Induced

Karika (<em>Carica pubesce</em><em>ns</em>)is a typical plant of the Dieng plateau. Previous study showed that <em>Carica</em><em>pubescens</em>contains chemical compound such as flavonoid that play role in analgesic activity. This study was aimed to determine the analgesic activity of etanolic extracts of karika leaves) in vivo using writhing method. The study was conducted on 25 male mice strain Swiss-Webster (20-30 g, 2-3 months) that were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group I was given distilled water 1 mL (p.o) as negative control, group II was given tramadol 50 mg/kgBW (p.o) as positive control, and group III-V received an etanolic extracts of karika leaves in 3 doses, i.e. 20 mg/kgBW, 40 mg/kgBW, and 80 mg/kgBW (p.o), respectively. Acetic acid 0,5% (v/v) was used as pain inductor.  The writhe was observed within 1 hour. Data analysis was carried out by using one way ANOVA. The result showed that the ethanol extract of leaves Karika <em>(Carica </em><em>pubescens)</em> have activity as an analgesic at a dose of 20 mg / kg, 40 mg / kg and 80 mg / KgBW (p &lt;0.05), chemically induced, where a dose of 80 mg / KgBW (p.o) produce the most high analgesic activity.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ANTI-INFLAMASI EKSTRAK ETANOL TEPUNG PELEPAH AREN (Arenga pinnanta)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Devy Angreani M ◽  
Meiske Sangi ◽  
Feti Fatimah
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Tepung pelepah aren secara tradisional digunakan sebagai obat untuk menghilangkan rasa gatal dan luka bakar pada kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas anti-inflamasi ekstrak etanol tepung pelepah aren (Arenga pinnanta) menggunakan metode induksi karagenan. Ekstrak etanol tepung pelepah aren yang digunakan didapatkan dari hasil maserasi tepung pelepah aren menggunakan etanol hasil redestilasi cap tikus. Metode pengujian aktivitas anti-inflamasi menggunakan 15 ekor tikus putih jantan galur wistar dengan berat 150-200 gram yang dibagi dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan, Kelompok Kontrol negative, Kontrol Positif dan kelompok dosis ekstrak etanol 20%, 25% dan 30%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kelompok ekstrak etanol tepung pelepah aren dosis 30% memiliki kemampuan inhibisi udem yang sama dengan kontrol positif (Na Diklofenak) dan memiliki kemampuan inhibisi yang lebih besar dibandingkan dosis 20% dan 25%.ABSTRACTPalm stem flour is traditionally used as a remedy for the relief of itching and burns on the skin. This research aims to test the anti-inflammatory activity of palm-flour (Arenga pinnanta) ethanol extract using Caragenan induction method. Palm-dried stem flour extract used from the maceration of palm flour, using ethanol redestilation of rat seals. The method of testing anti-inflammatory activity using 15 male white rats with Wistar strain with a weight of 150-200 grams divided into 5 treatment groups, negative control group, positive control and group dose of ethanol extract 20%, 25% and 30%. The results of this study showed that the group of dried palm flour extract dose 30% have the same inhibition capability with positive control (Na Diklofenak) and have greater inhibition capability compared to the dose 20% and 25%.

scholarly journals Test of Activities of Hepatoprotector of Senggani Leaf Ethanol Extract (Melastoma Malabathricum L.) ON RAT (Rattus Novergicus) That Induced by Paracetamol

Biospecies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yustina Yasnidar Laia ◽  
Yoridha Aulia ◽  
Mita Sahara ◽  
Maxwel Simanjuntak Masdalena
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Melastoma Malabathricum ◽  
Group I

Senggani leaves (Melastoma Malabathricum L.) are easily available plans that are sometimes used as traditional medicine. This study aimed to determine the hepatotective activity of the ethanol of senggani leaves (Melastoma Malabathricum L.) on rats (Rattus Novergicus) induced by paracetamol with histopatological parameters. Making extracts was carried out by maceration using 96% ethanol solution. The test animals used were 30 rats (Rattus Novergicus) which were divided into 6 groups. Group I without treatment, group II as negative control, group III as positive control, and group IV, V, and VI who were given senggani leaf extract, respectively 100 mg/Kg bb, 200 mg/Kg bb, and 400 mg/Kg bb for 7 day. On the 8 day all rats except group I, were induced paracetamol 180 mg/200 gr bb as the parent of liver demage. The resulst showed that the ethanol extract of senggani leaves at a dose of 400 mg/Kg bb was the most effective in hepatoprotective activity compared to a dose of 100 mg/Kg bb, and 200 mg/Kg bb with histopathological parameters induced by paracetamol.

Efek Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Mencit Jantan

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Verawaty Verawaty ◽  
Dhea Claudia Novel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
The Third ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanol kulit petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk) terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit jantan yang diinduksi aloksan. Hewan percobaan dibagi atas 5 kelompok diantaranya kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok kontrol positif,dosis I (280 mg/kgBB mencit), dosis II (560 mg/kg BB mencit), dosis III (840 mg/kg BB mencit). Penelitian dilakukan selama 21 hari. Persentase penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit jantan setelah diberikan ekstrak etanol kulit petai pada hari ke-21 adalah dosis I (77,52 %) lebih besar dibandingkan dengan dosis II (69,5 %) dan dosis III (73,37 %). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji Two Way Anova dengan program SPSS 17. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol kulit petai untuk tiga variasi dosis menyatakan perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit jantan.</p><p><em>Petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk) has a compound β-sitosterol and stigmasterol that have efficacy to decreased blood glucose levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract of petai peel for decrease blood glucose levels of male mice induced by alloxan. Experimental animals were divided into 5 groups including negative control group, positive control group, the first dose (280 mg/kg in mice), the second dose (560 mg/kg in mice), the third dose (840 mg/kg in mice). The study was conducted for 21 days. After 21 days, the result found that the percentage of blood glucose levels after the male mice given the ethanol extract of petai peel was, the first dose (77.52%) biger than the second dose (69.5%) and the third dose (73.37%). The data obtained were analyzed by Two Way ANOVA using SPSS 17. The results showed that have signicantly difference between three dose variation of ethanol extract of petai peel in blood glucose levels.</em></p>

Effect of Chayote (Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz) Extract on Level of Interleukin-8 in Wistar Rats with Aspirin-Induced Gastritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrika Andriana Silitonga ◽  
◽  
Gontar Alamsyah Siregar ◽  
Rosita Juwita Sembiring ◽  
Marline Nainggolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sechium Edule

ABSTRACT Background: Recent studies showed that Interleukin-8 (IL-8), activated cytokine immune response which plays an important role in the development of acute and chronic gastritis. Harmless anti-inflammatory therapeutic alternatives have been proposed, for example, the consumption of Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz (chayote). Antioxidant (flavonoid) and cell regeneration (alkaloid) agents were found in chayote. This study aimed to determine the effect of chayote Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz extracts on the level of IL-8 in Wistar rats with aspirin- induced gastritis. Subjects and Method: This was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted at the laboratory of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatra Utara from January to February 2020. A total of 35 male Wistar rats was selected for this study and randomly allocated into 7 groups: (1) Negative control; (2) Positive control; (3) 100 mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract ; (4) 200 mg/kg BW chayote ethanol extract; (5) 100 mg/ kg BW chayote ethyl acetate fraction; (6) 200 mg/kg BW chayote ethyl acetate fraction; and (7) 20 mg omeprazole. The rats in positive control and treatment groups were induced with aspirin (200mg/ kg BW). The negative control group received no intervention. The dependent variable was level of IL-8 measured by ELISA. The independent variables were treatment status. The data were analyzed by One Way Anova and post hoc test. Results: The mean differences of IL-8 level were not statistically significant between study groups (p= 0.327). Mean of IL-8 level was higher in positive control group (Mean= 160.80; SD= 6.90) than in negative control group (Mean= 141.20; SD= 10.98). The lowest IL-8 level was in 100mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract group (Mean= 149.94; SD= 40.4), followed by 200mg/ kg BW (Mean= 152.4; SD= 30.73) and 100mg/ kg BW (Mean= 164.60; SD= 25.04) chayote ethyl acetate fraction groups, 20 mg omeprazole group (Mean= 170.60; SD= 21.58), and 200 mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract group (Mean= 176.80; SD= 10.98). Conclusion: The low dose (100mg/ kg BW) chayote ethanol extract has the most potential antiinflammation effect on in vitro gastritis with the lowest IL-8 level of all doses of chayote ethanol extract, chayote ethyl acetate fraction, and omeprazole. Keywords: antiinflammation, IL-8, chayote ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, omeprazole, aspirin induced gastritis Correspondence: Hendrika Andriana Silitonga. Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Methodist Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281361430688. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.35

scholarly journals Efek Imunomodulator Ekstrak Etanol Spons Melophlus sarasinorum Terhadap Aktivitas Fagositosis Sel Makrofag Pada Mencit Jantan Balb/C

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-157
Author(s):  
Wahyuni Wahyuni ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas Yusuf ◽  
Fadhliyah Malik ◽  
Adryan Fristiohady Lubis ◽  
Astrid Indalifiany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Macrophage Cell ◽  
Macrophage Phagocytosis ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Phagocytosis Activity

Immunomodulator is an ingredient or drug that can modulate immune system functions and activities. This study was conducted to determine the effect of ethanol extract of Melophlus sarasinorum sponge on macrophage phagocytosis activity. Twenty four male mice balb/c were divided into six groups. The first group received 100 mg/kg of ethanol extract of Melophlus Sarasinorum sponge, the second group received 200 mg/kg of ethanol extract of Melophlus sarasinorum sponge, the third group received 300 mg/kg of ethanol extract of Melophlus Sarasinorum sponge and the fourth group received 400 mg/kg of ethanol extract of Melophlus Sarasinorum sponge. The positive control group received Phyllanthus niruri linn extract (Stimuno®) 0,13 mg/g and the negative control group received NaCMC 0,5%. The extract was orally administered from first day to seventh day. On the eighth day, each of the mice was injected Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (SA) 0.5 mL intraperitoneally. Macrophage cell activity is calculated from smears of peritoneal fluid of mice. Increased doses of ethanol extract of Melophlus sarasinorum sponge increase the amount of macrophage phagocytosis activity that are 25,25% (negative control), 61,5% (positive control), 55,75% (100 mg/kg), 60,75% (200 mg/kg), 62,25% (300 mg/kg) dan 66,25% (400 mg/kg). The results showed that the ethanol extract of Melophlus sarasinorum sponge has the potential as immunomodulator at a doses of 300 mg/kgBB and 400 mg/kg with no significantly different effectiveness with positive control in increasing macrophage cell phagocytosis activity based on the result of post-hoc statistical test of Tukey (sig.> 0,05).  

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