scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRIPLE-DOSE ALBENDAZOLE IN COMPARISON WITH MEBENDAZOLE FOR THE TREATMENT OF TRICHURIASIS IN CHILDREN

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-107
Author(s):  
SALEHA SUNGKAR ◽  
FANNY P. IRMAWATI ◽  
ROSE A. HASWINZKY ◽  
YASMINE A. DWINASTITI ◽  
SRI WAHDINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Egg Reduction Rate ◽  
Triple Dose

Objective: Trichuriasis is difficult to treat with single-dose anthelmintic. Although a higher cure rate (CR) can be achieved by treatment with triple-dose albendazole and mebendazole, the results of studies are inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of triple-dose albendazole and mebendazole in treating trichuriasis. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in a primary school in the Pandeglang District, Banten Province, Indonesia in July–August, 2018; 382 children were recruited. Stools were collected and examined microscopically using the Kato–Katz method to identify Trichuriasis eggs. Children positive for Trichuris trichiura were randomized and divided into two groups. One was given a triple dose of 400 mg albendazole and the other a triple dose of 500 mg mebendazole. On day 14 after treatment, stools were reexamined to calculate CR and the egg reduction rate (ERR). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: The prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infection was 42%, and that of trichuriasis and ascariasis was 25.1% and 29.8%. There was a significant difference (Wilcoxon test, P<0.01) in the intensity of infection before and after intervention. Both groups showed high values of CR (mebendazole: 95.2%, albendazole: 85.4%; Fisher’s exact test, P = 0.125) and ERR (mebendazole: 99%, albendazole: 96%; Mann–Whitney test, P = 0.110). There was no significant difference in CR and ERR between the two groups. Conclusion: Triple-dose albendazole was as effective as triple-dose mebendazole in treating trichuriasis.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Triple Dose Albendazole in Treating Soil Transmitted Helminths Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Saleha Sungkar ◽  
Kartika Q. Putri ◽  
Muhammad I. S. Taufik ◽  
Meutia N. Gozali ◽  
Pratiwi Sudarmono
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Egg Reduction Rate ◽  
Triple Dose

Soil transmitted helminths (STH) infection is a major health problem in tropical countries such as Indonesia. Albendazole is an effective and widely used anthelmintic agent to treat STH; however, it is not effective towards T. trichiura and its effectiveness varies between populations. Hence, we conducted a study to determine the effectiveness of triple dose albendazole in children of Perobatang village, Southwest Sumba, Indonesia. A pre-post study was carried out in Perobatang village on July 2016. Children aged 1-15 years old were enrolled in the study and asked to collect stool samples which were then examined using Kato-Katz method. The children infected with STH were given albendazole 400 mg for three consecutive days. From 246 subjects examined, 192 (78%) were positive for any STH consisting of T. trichiura (64%), A. lumbricoides (60%), and hookworms (10%). After treatment, the prevalence of STH decreased significantly (McNemar test, p<0.001) to 27%, T. trichiura 25%, A. lumbricoides 2%, and hookworm 0%. Cure rate for T. trichiura, A. lumbricoides, and hookworms was 61%, 97%, and 100%, respectively. Significant decrease of eggs per gram of feces was found in all STH (Wilcoxon test, p value <0.001 for A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura, p value = 0.027 for hookworms); egg reduction rate for T. trichiura was 91%, A. lumbricoides was 100%, and hookworms was 100%. In conclusion, triple dose albendazole is effective in controlling STH in children of Perobatang village, Southwest Sumba, Indonesia.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a Single Dose versus Triple Dose Regimen of Mebendazole against Hookworm Infection among School Children: A Randomized, Single blinded Trial.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tegegne Eshetu ◽  
Mulugeta Aemero ◽  
Ayalew Jejaw
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Dose Regimen ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Hookworm Infection ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Egg Reduction Rate ◽  
Triple Dose

Abstract Background: The current control efforts against soil transmitted helminthic infection focused on reducing morbidity and transmission potential through periodic anthelminthic chemotherapy of single dose of mebendazole and albendazole regimen. Single dose mebendazole is one of extensively applicable drug regimen as a preventive chemotherapy in hookworm endemic areas. However, nowadays, studies reveal single dose treatment regimen has poor and unsatisfactory efficacy status against hookworm infection. We evaluated the efficacy status of single dose (500mg) versus triple dose (100mg) of mebendazole against hookworm infection among school aged children.Methods: This randomized, single-blinded clinical trial took place in a primary school on Burie and Debre Elias towns, Northwest Ethiopia among school-aged children (6-14). Using simple randomization, eligible hookworm positive children were randomly allocated (1:1) to either a single dose or triple dose of mebendazole arm. Stool samples were collected at baseline and follow-up period (14-21 days after treatment) for McMaster analysis. The primary and secondary outcome measures in this study were cure rate (CR) and egg reduction rate (ERR), respectively. Results were displayed using tables and figure. Independent t test was used to compare group means, logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio (OR), and P-value < 0.05 at 95% CI was considered for statistical significance.Result: 109 children were allocated for each treatment arm and 103 children were completed the drug efficacy follow up study. Cure rate against hookworm was significantly higher in triple dose (96.1%) than in single dose (30.8%) with (OR=55.125; 95% CI: 11.92-254.9; P < 0.001). Egg reduction rate against hookworm infection in triple dose (99.5%) was also significantly higher than single dose (68.9%) with difference t (101) =5.38; 95% CI 230.95-505.36; P < 0.001.Conclusion: Single dose regimen of mebendazole for the treatment of hookworm infection showed poor efficacy, while triple dose revealed satisfactory efficacy. Therefore, we recommend for giving special emphasis on current deworming program which implemented through single dose mebendazole for hookworm endemic area.

scholarly journals Treatment of intestinal helminthiasis: mebendazole only or mebendazole-pyrantel pamoate?

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Wisman Dalimunthe ◽  
Charles Siregar ◽  
Munar Lubis ◽  
Syahril Pasaribu ◽  
Chairuddin P. Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
School Students ◽  
Pyrantel Pamoate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Egg Reduction Rate

Background Although intestinal helminthiasis causes highmorbidity and has a negative impact on children’s growth anddevelopment, the efficacy of antihelmintics for multiplehelminthiasis in mass treatment is still doubtful.Objective To compare the efficacy of single dose mebendazoleand a combination of pyrantel pamoate and mebendazole for thetreatment of multiple infections due to Ascaris lumbricoides,hookworm, and Trichuris trichiura.Methods Subjects were elementary school students in Suka Village,Tiga Panah subdistrict, North Sumatera. They were randomizedto either receive mebendazole (M Group) or mebendazole-pyrantel pamoate group (MP Group). Stool examinations wereperfomed on each subjects on day 7, 14, 21, and 28 after treatment.Analyses were perfomed by using chi-squared and Mann-WhitneyU tests.Results The prevalence of intestinal helminthiasis was 95.4%. T.trichiura (88.7%) was the most common cause of infection followedby A. lumbricoides (79.5%), and hookworm (3.1%). Two hundredthirty nine (76.8%) children had multiple infections. Althoughthe egg reduction rate of intestinal helminthiasis in thecombination group was faster than that of the mebendazole group,there was no significant difference in the cure rate of both groups.Conclusion A single dose of mebendazole is preferred for masstreatment of multiple intestinal helminthiasis infections.

scholarly journals HOUT-08. PATIENT AND PHYSICIAN PERSPECTIVES ON LUMBAR PUNCTURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi113-vi113
Author(s):  
Yoshie Umemura ◽  
Benjamin Weill ◽  
Baber Khan ◽  
Justin Buthorn ◽  
Andrew Ridder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Physician Perspectives ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Symptom Severity Score ◽  
Important Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Question Survey

Abstract OBJECTIVE To investigate patients’ and physicians’ perceptions of lumbar puncture (LP) and tolerability. METHODS Adult patients were surveyed prior to and after the procedure regarding patient perceptions and actual experience of LP. Presence of symptoms pre- and post-LP were compared by McNemar test; symptom severity score was rated 0–10, compared by Wilcoxon test; and relative risks were compared by Fisher’s exact test. In addition to patient surveys, email requests to complete an eight-question survey regarding LP tolerability was sent to faculty physicians at two academic centers. RESULTS A total of 154 patients and 302 physicians completed the surveys during 1/2017-5/2019. Ninety-one patients (59%) reported anxiety prior to-LP compared to 52 (34%) who reported anxiety after the LP (p< 0.0001). Whereas 74% of patients predicted LP to be painful prior to LP, only 48% reported that LP was painful after the procedure (p< 0.0001). On an 11-point scale, patients anticipated significantly greater pain from LP than they reported after the procedure (mean 3.4 and 2.0 respectively, p< 0.0001). Patients who anticipated pain were more likely to experience pain (RR=1.65, 95% CI 1.07–2.73). There was no significant difference in symptoms such as headache, nausea, generalized pain, vision or gait disturbance before and after the procedure. After the LP, 117 patients (77%) answered they would repeat LP if recommended by their doctors. Out of 302 physicians (40% women), the majority (81%) felt that the LP induces anxiety or worry in patients, and 50% answered that the LP is painful for patients in general. CONCLUSION We observed that although anticipation of pain contributed to pre-procedure anxiety, LP was generally well-tolerated. The majority of patients experienced minimal pain. The results of this study suggest that measures to reduce pre-procedure anxiety may improve the tolerability of LP, an important diagnostic tool in neuro-oncology.

scholarly journals "Heterozygous Treatment" Method to Improve the Biased Status of the Damp-heat Constitution and Symptom Integral: Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Xianbing Hou ◽  
Haizhang Wang ◽  
Yanzhen Huo ◽  
Hui Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Dark Urine ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of "heterozygous treatment" intervening the damp-heat constitution. Method: 106 cases with damp-heat constitution were randomly divided into the observation group and control group, 53 cases for each group. Lianpu drink was given to the two groups, and the observation group was treated with scraping, acupuncture, cupping, constitution care and popularization of constitution science for "heterozygous treatment" based on the control group. 70 days later, "constitution classification and determination table of traditional Chinese medicine" was used to determine, and statistics was applied to analyze the change of the symptoms of the two groups before and after the intervention. Results: in the observation group, compared to before the intervention, symptoms like dirty and oily complexion, yellow greasy tongue, bitter taste, dullness and scanty dark urine were significantly improved (P < 0.05), and improvement of the above symptoms was greater than the control group (P < 0.05) .Conclusion: There is no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: the "heterozygous treatment" method can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of people with damp-heat constitution, with a better role in regulating.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF WET COMBING COMPARED WITH 1% PERMETHRIN LOTION FOR THE TREATMENT OF PEDICULOSIS CAPITIS

2019 ◽  
pp. 108-110
Author(s):  
SALEHA SUNGKAR ◽  
YASMINE A. DWINASTITI ◽  
ROSE A. HASWINZKY ◽  
FANNY P. IRMAWATI ◽  
AJI W. WARDHANA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Head Lice ◽  
Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Pediculosis Capitis ◽  
Pediculus Humanus ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Pediculus humanus capitis is an ectoparasite that sucks blood from the patient’s scalp. Gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane is an effective treatment but its use has been discontinued because of its neurotoxicity. Although the replacement pediculicide is permethrin, this is not affordable for everyone, and thus the recommended treatment is wet combing. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of permethrin compared with wet combing for eliminating pediculosis. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted in a boarding school in Bogor District; the data were collected in July–August, 2018. Subjects were regarded as infested if lice were found during examination. Infested subjects were divided into two groups. In the permethrin group, the hair was wetted with permethrin lotion and left for 10 min. Afterwards, a fine-toothed comb was used to remove lice, and then the subjects were instructed to wash their hair with shampoo. On day 14, each subject’s head was reexamined to determine the cure rate. The wet-combing group was treated similarly but using conditioner instead of permethrin. Results: Of 121 subjects, 88.4% were infested with head lice. The cure rate after one week of treatment was 66% in the permethrin group and 63% in the wet-combing group. After a two-week course of treatment, the cure rate increased to 94% in permethrin group and 89% in the wet-combing group. There was no significant difference in cure rate between permethrin and wet combing after a one-(P = 0.740) or two-week (P = 0.507) course of treatment. Conclusion: The prevalence of pediculosis capitis in a boarding school in Bogor District was 88.4%. Wet combing treatment was as effective as permethrin for treating pediculosis capitis.

scholarly journals Objective criteria for assessment of the quality of dental restorations improve student’s critics towards the treatment assignment: a randomized controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
Brenda MARMENTINI ◽  
Monique Vendruscolo CAROSSI ◽  
Larissa Luane Soder HENTZ ◽  
Sinval Adalberto RODRIGUES-JUNIOR
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Dental Restorations ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Introduction Objective parameters may help the decision of how to manage existing dental restorations in patients. Objective This study tested the following hypotheses: i) teaching objective criteria to dental students enhances their criticism toward the indication for replacement of dental restorations; and ii) a complementary practical approach enhances the proportion of correctly indicated treatments compared with a strictly theoretical approach. Method This block-randomized controlled trial involved dental students from a Brazilian university who were randomized to either a didactic/theoretical class group (A, control) or a didactic/theoretical class followed by practical training (group B); both conditions were applied in a moodle-based environment. The proportion of correctly indicated interventions before and after teaching the criteria was compared with using Mann–Whitney U-test (p<0.05), and a comparison between the approaches was established with Wilcoxon test (p<0.05). Result The baseline proportion of correct assignments significantly increased after interventions for both groups (p=0.02), with no significant difference between the interventions (p=0.871). Conclusion The proposed online training enhanced the proportion of correct assignments to restorations, confirming the first study hypothesis. The second hypothesis was rejected because differences between the strategies had no effect on the proportion of correct answers. Focusing on teaching objective criteria for assessment of the quality of restorations would enhance students’ ability to correctly treat them.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ACUPUNCTURE REDUCING POINT ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF MUSCULAR STRENGTH OF STROKE PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Dodik Hartono ◽  
Deny Prasetyanto ◽  
Ainul Yaqin Salam ◽  
Erna Handayani ◽  
Grido Handoko Sriyono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Acupuncture Meridian

Background: Stroke is a disease caused by disruption of blood flow to areas of the brain that are blocked in the cerebral or cervical arteries which result in decreased or even loss of function controlled by brain tissue. One of the effects caused by stroke is hemiparesis. Rehabilitation therapy plays an important role in a comprehensive restoration of bodily functions due to stroke, this program aims to restore function to reduce disability, one of the treatments is to use acupuncture meridian points. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acupuncture meridian points in increasing muscle strength in stroke patients. Methods: The research design used in this study was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design. The number of samples of all stroke patients at the Holistic nursing therapy clinic in Probolinggo and the Healer School Jember Clinic that met the inclusion criteria from October 2020 to March 2021 were 270 respondents. Data collection techniques used observation sheets to assess muscle strength before and after the intervention of acupuncture meridian points in stroke patients. Data analysis used was the Wilcoxon test with a statistical significance value accepted if p <0.05. Results: The results of the data analysis of the intervention group showed a significant value of hand muscle strength (p 0.003; α 0.05) and leg (p 0.005, α 0.05) where (p <0.05) it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in strength. A muscle in the intervention group before and after being given acupuncture. The findings of this study suggest that there is a significant effect of acupuncture on lower and upper muscle strength. Conclusion: In general, the use of acupuncture meridian points can increase muscle strength in stroke patients, so the use of acupuncture meridian points can provide benefits for restoring muscle strength in stroke patients.

scholarly journals Rebound serum bilirubin levels after single vs. double phototherapy

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Widyastuti Widyastuti ◽  
Supriatmo Supriatmo ◽  
Guslihan Dasa Tjipta
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Bilirubin Level ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Serum Bilirubin Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Rebound Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference

Background Hyperbilirubinemia is the most common clinicalphenomenon found in newborns. Phototherapy is the standardtreatment for lowering bilirubin levels in neonates. Whileintensive (double) phototherapy produces a more rapid declinein serum bilirubin levels than standard (single) phototherapy,greater rebound effects may occur.Objective To assess bilirubin levels in neonates with hyperbilirubinemiawho underwent single or double phototherapy, includingrebound bilirubin levels after phototherapy termination.Methods An open, randomized, controlled trial was con ductedat H. Adam Malik Hospital and Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan,from August 2009 until January 2010. Subjects with indirecthyperbilirubinemia were divided into two groups. One groupreceived single phototherapy (n = 41) and other receiveddouble photo therapy (n = 40) . Measurements of total plasmabilirubin level were conducted at 12 hours and at 24 hoursof phototherapy, as well as at 24 hours after phot otherapytermination. Rebound bilirubin serum level was defined asan increment of about 1 - 2 mg/dL serum bilirubin afterphototherapy discontinuation.Results The decreases in serum bilirubin levels were significantlygreater in the do uble phototherapy group for observationsat 12 h ours , 24 h ours, and 24 hours after phototherapyt ermination (P = 0.0001). At the 24-hour observation afterterminationofphototherapy, only 1 neonate (2.7%) in the singlephototherapy group compared to 4 neonates (10.8%) in thedouble phototherapy group had serum bilirubin level increasesof 1 - 2 mg/dL. Fisher's exact test did not reveal a significantdifference in rebound serum bilirubin occurrence in the twogroups (P = 0.358).Conclusion Double phototherapy shows significantly greaterdecrease in bilirubin level compared to single phototherapywithin a same period of time. Rebound serum bilirubin levels aftersingle and double phototherapy may occur in some patients withhyperbilirubinemia, as bilirubin production continues. However,260 • Paediatr Irulones, Vol. 54, No. 5, September 2014there is no significant difference in rebound effects between singlevs. double phototherapy.

scholarly journals Efficacy of mebendazole and levamisole, alone or in combination, for soil-transmitted helminthiasis

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifo Faujiah Sihite ◽  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Ayodhia P. Pasaribu ◽  
Syahril Pasaribu ◽  
Chairuddin P. Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Group I ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Egg Reduction Rate

BackgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO) recommends four, single-dose drugs (albendazole, levamisole, mebendazole, and pyrantel pamoate) for management of soil­transmitted helminthiasis (STH). Previous studies have shown varied and inconsistent outcomes of these STH treatments.ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of mebendazole and levami­sole, alone or in combination, for the treatment of STH.MethodsAn open randomized controlled trial was conducted in Secanggang, North Sumatera from August to October 2009. School-aged children with STH infection were randomized into three groups. Group I received a single dose of mebendazole (500 mg); group II received a single dose of levamisole (2.5 mg/kg); and group III received a single dose of mebendazole-levamisole combined. Stool samples were collected at baseline, and the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th weeks after treatment and examined by the Kato-Katz technique. Statistical analyses were Kruskal-Wallis test for cure rate and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test for egg reduction rate. ResultsSTH was diagnosed in 197 children with the following parasite species: Ascariasis (96 children, 48.7%), Trichuriasis (58 children, 29.4%), and mixed infection (43 children, 21.8%). We found no hookworm infection in any of our subjects. Groups I and III had significantly higher efficacy (P=0.0001) against STH (egg reduction rate 99.3% and 99.9%; cure rate 92.2% and 98.4%, respectively) at 4th week of treatment.ConclusionA single dose of mebendazole alone and combined with levamisole have better efficacy compared to a single dose of levamisole for the treatment of STH. The highest efficacy of these treatments is noted at the 4th week after drug administration

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