Causes and risk factors

In the pathogenesis of depressive disorders and the consequent suicidal behavior, an important role belongs to the neurochemical processes and structures of the central nervous system. An analytical study of Russian and foreign literature was carried out to obtain information about the relationship between neurochemical factors in the development of depressive disorders and to elucidate the causes and risk factors of suicidal behavior due to depression and an unhealthy habit common among young people, i.e. tobacco smoking. A systematic search of scientific publications on the neurobiological aspects of the research into the causes and risk factors of depressive spectrum disorders was carried out. The analysis of the results of relevant neurobiological studies in the field of etiology and formation of depressive disorders with suicidal behavior contributes to the development of effective means of prevention and treatment of depressive spectrum disorders.

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A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge regarding Prevention and Management of Water Borne Diseases among mothers of under five Children in selected areas of Mehsana

Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research ◽

10.52711/2349-2996.2021.00091 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 381-383

Author(s):

Manthankumar N. Kapadiya

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Data Collection ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Causes And Risk Factors ◽

Water Borne

A quantitative approach was used to assess the knowledge regarding prevention and management of water borne diseases among mothers of under five children. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the mothers of under five children for study.100 samples collected from selected areas of mehsana. The duration of data collection was 1 day. The results of the study revealed that majority of the study sample (58.63%) have average knowledge regarding water borne diseases, 71.5% of the study sample having knowledge about causes and risk factors of Water borne diseases, 68.22% of the study sample having knowledge about prevention of Water borne diseases and 70.36% of the study sample having knowledge about management of Water borne diseases.

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Major causes and risk factors associated with calf mortality in dairy farms in Khartoum State, Sudan

Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health ◽

10.5897/jvmah2014.0277 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 145-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

E. M. Mansour Abdullatief ◽

E. Abdelgadir Atif ◽

E. M. El Zubeir Ibtisam

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Calf Mortality ◽

Causes And Risk Factors

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Risk factors for intestinal obstruction after Ladd procedure

Pediatric Reports ◽

10.4081/pr.2015.5795 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Tetsuya Mitsunaga ◽

Takeshi Saito ◽

Keita Terui ◽

Mitsuyuki Nakata ◽

Sachie Ohno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Intestinal Obstruction ◽

Digestive Disease ◽

Intestinal Ischemia ◽

The Other ◽

Common Complication ◽

Initial Operation ◽

Ladd Procedure ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Causes And Risk Factors

Intestinal obstruction is a common complication after Ladd procedure. Ninety-three cases who had undergone the Ladd procedure between 1977 and 2013 treated at our own institution were retrospectively reviewed to identify the causes and risk factors for intestinal obstruction. The Ladd procedure has been performed without any intestinal fixing. Of the 87 cases who survived to discharge, intestinal obstruction was observed in 22 (25.3%). Among the cases with intestinal obstruction, 13 (59.1%) showed intestinal ischemia at the initial operation; this incidence was notably high, although it is low when only those cases with another concurrent surgical digestive disease are considered. All cases of intestinal obstruction were caused not by recurrent volvulus, but by adhesion between the intestine and the mesentery. Intestinal fixing is not required to prevent recurrent volvulus, but it is important to achieve adequate widening of the mesenteric base. The risk of intestinal obstruction after the Ladd procedure, on the other hand, is high. Moreover, patients with intestinal ischemia have an increased risk of intestinal obstruction.

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Causes and Risk Factor of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Adult Asylum Seekers and Refugees

Psychiatry International ◽

10.3390/psychiatryint2040032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 410-423

Author(s):

Abdullah AlRefaie ◽

Christopher Dowrick

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Traumatic Stress ◽

Asylum Seekers ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Qualitative Assessment ◽

Post Traumatic Stress ◽

Post Traumatic ◽

Causes And Risk Factors ◽

Asylum Seekers And Refugees

Objectives: To assess the causes and risk factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adult asylum seekers and refugees. To explore whether the causes and risk factors of PTSD between male and female adult refugees/asylum seekers are different. Study design: Systematic review of current literature. Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar up until February 2019. Method: A structured, systematic search was conducted of the relevant databases. Papers were excluded if they failed to meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Afterwards, a qualitative assessment was performed on the selected papers. Results: 12 Studies were included for the final analysis. All papers were either case studies/reports or cross-sectional studies. Traumatic events experienced by refugees/asylum seekers are the most frequently reported pre-migration causes of PTSD development, while acculturative stress is the most common post-migration stressor. There were mixed reports regarding the causes of PTSD between both genders of refugees/asylum seekers. Conclusions: This review’s findings have potential clinical application in terms of helping clinicians to risk stratify refugees/asylum seekers for PTSD development and thus aid in embarking on earlier intervention measures. However, more rigorous research similar to this study is needed for it to be implemented into clinical practice.

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Factors Influencing Leprosy Incidence: A Comprehensive Analysis of Observations in Wenshan of China, Nepal, and Other Global Epidemic Areas

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.666307 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Yu-Ye Li ◽

Sunaula Shakya ◽

Heng Long ◽

Lian-Fa Shen ◽

Yi-Qun Kuang

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Health Concern ◽

Geographic Latitude ◽

Global Epidemic ◽

Department Of Health ◽

Leprosy Patients ◽

Epidemiological Trends ◽

Causes And Risk Factors ◽

Control Division ◽

Leprosy Control

Leprosy remains endemic in some regions and is a global health concern. However, the possible causes and risk factors of the disease remain unclear. Data in Wenshan, China were collected from the Wenshan Institute of Dermatology (1986–2015); data in Nepal were obtained from the Leprosy Control Division, Department of Health Services, Nepal (2011 to 2015); and data from Indonesia, India, and Brazil were collected from WHO records. We assessed the epidemiological trends of leprosy in Wenshan and compared the features of possible causes and risk factors with those of other countries. We then performed a descriptive and statistical analysis to make our study more purposeful and definitive. A total of 3,376 cases were detected in Wenshan from 1986 to 2015. The overall prevalence rate (PR) of leprosy presented a decreasing trend with a peak (4.9/10,000 population) in 1986. The detection of new leprosy cases was higher in males than in females. Visible deformity increased every year since 2005 with a disability of 34.8% in 2015 among new cases. In Nepal, 2,461 leprosy patients received multi-drug therapy (MDT) in 2015 which corresponded to the PR of 0.89/10,000 population. Geographic latitude and socio-economic situations appeared to be the main causes of leprosy, and the healthcare condition was an important factor associated with leprosy incidence. The introduction of MDT effectively reduced leprosy prevalence worldwide. Wenshan (China), Nepal, and other countries share similarities in various aspects with respect to socio-cultural features, geographical distribution, environmental factors, and economic situation, which may contribute to leprosy being endemic in these areas.

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