scholarly journals THE ROLE OF DISTINCTIVE FEATURES IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE SYLLABLE. A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH AND SLOVAK

2018 ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Renáta Gregová ◽  
Renáta Panocová
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Consonant Clusters ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Phonological Structure ◽  
Syllable Boundary ◽  
Feature Geometry ◽  
The Given

The placement of the syllable boundary in consonant clusters occurring word-medially is a perennial problem in phonological theory. The comprehension of the syllable as the “smallest binding unit of language” (Pauliny 1979: 101), as the unit necessary for the understanding of the phonological structure of the language, enables us to determine the boundaries of syllables on the basis of contrasts between the neighbouring phonemes in the syllable. The degree of contrast depends on the distinctive features of the given phonemes. To evaluate this approach, distinctive features of phonemes from two different languages – English and Slovak – were delimited according to two distinctive features theories – Feature Geometry and synthetic phonological theory. The sample analysis of the English and the Slovak words with word-medial consonant clusters indicates the validity of this approach for the demarcation of the syllable boundary in polysyllabic words.

Anticipation, Simultaneity/Consecutivity and Distinctive Features in Phonology

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Renáta Gregová
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Sound System ◽  
Phonological Processes ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Making A Difference ◽  
Feature Geometry ◽  
Roman Jakobson ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Brain

The notion of distinctive features has had a firm position in phonology since the time of the Prague Linguistic Circle and especially that of one of its representatives, Roman Jakobson, whose well-known delimitation of a phoneme as “a bundle of distinctive features” (Jakobson, 1962, p. 421), that is, a set of simultaneous distinctive features, has inspired many scholars. Jakobson’s attempt “to analyse the distribution of distinctive features along two axes: that of simultaneity and that of successiveness” (ibid., p. 435) helped cover several phonetic and/or phonological processes and phenomena. Distinctive features, although theoretical constructs (Giegerich, 1992, p. 89), reflect phonetic, that is, articulatory and acoustic, properties of sounds. In the flow of speech, some features tend to influence the neighbouring phonemes. Sometimes speech organs produce something that the brain just ‘plans’ to produce (anticipatory speech errors). There are situations where it seems as if the successive organization of phonemes went hand in hand with the simultaneous nature of certain articulatory characteristics of those phonemes (the transgression of consonants and inherence of vowels in Romportl’s theory), or the given feature seems to be anticipated by the preceding segment. This is the case with nasalization and/or anticipatory coarticulation, as well as regressive (anticipatory) assimilation. In addition, simultaneity/consecutivity is a decisive criterion for the difference between the so-called complex segments, as specified in Feature Geometry, and simple segments (Duanmu, 2009). Moreover, the phonological opposition of simultaneity- successivity (that is, consecutivity) itself functions as a feature making a difference between segmental and suprasegmental elements in the sound system of a language, as was first mentioned by Harris (1944), later indicated by Jakobson (1962) and then fully developed by Sabol (2007, 2012).

scholarly journals Comparative Legal Analysis Of Issues Of Enforcement Of Rights Of Individuals In The Criminal Proceeding Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan And Republic Of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Dildora Bazarova ◽  
◽  
Kanat Utarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Criminal Process ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Criminal Proceeding ◽  
Public Control ◽  
The Republic

The article provides a comparative analysis of the development of ensuring the rights of individuals in two post-Soviet republics; it also gives distinctive features and trends in the development of guarantees of rights in criminal proceedings. The issues of participation of prosecutors and lawyers in the criminal process, the role of public control over the criminal process are considered by the author.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FORTRESSES ON GREAT ABATIS BORDERS IN RUSSIA IN THE 16–18th CENTURIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
Yu. V. KLIMOVA ◽  
S. M. SHUMILKIN
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Regular Type ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The City

The purpose of this work is to identify the unique features inherent in the City of Orenburg, which is the main outpost of the Novozakamsk great abatis border formed in the 18th century. The planning system inside defensive fortresses refers to the regular type, its scale exceeds other fortresses of Russia, built earlier than in the 18th century. This makes it unique and this research is relevant. The research methodology is based on a comparative analysis of the fortresses in the Russian Empire. Using the historical data, the main outpost cities on the great abatis border of the 15–18th centuries are studied and their comparative analysis is carried out. This approach allows to show the planning features of the city which appeared 300 years ago. Much attention is paid to the construction of the outpost towns and fortresses. Empirically examining already built fortifications for two centuries, in the 18th century engineers changed their approach to the defensive structures. The city significantly grows inside the fortress. The planning structure of settlements becomes regular, the orientation inside becomes simpler. Also, the role of the fortress defense system remains one of the important components when choosing its location. River banks and steep cliffs retain an advantage both over the city defense and the formation of its skyline. The integration of entry gates decreases, which is compensated by the streets intersection with a slight shift of the relative straight axis. All these distinctive features are manifested in the structure of the fortress of Orenburg and make it a unique planning unit.

THE ROLE OF PHRASEOLOGICAL INTENSIFIERS IN POLITICAL DISCOURSE AND THEIR NATIONAL-CULTURAL PECULARITIES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadejda Zubareva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
English Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
The Given ◽  
Cultural Linguistics

This article deals with phraseological intensifiers of the English language used in political discourse from the cultural linguistics point of view. The aim is to reveal similarities and differentials of phrase-semantic fields of English, Russian and Uzbek languages. Using the predecessors’ concepts, the author enlarges the criteria of reference to phraseological intensifier of phraseological units. Besides that, the author described particular isomorph and allomorph conceptual fields by applying the method of comparative analysis of phraseological intensifiers to the given languages of diverse structures. The importance of phraseological intensifiers in political discourse is underlined.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ORIGINAL AND TRANSLATION OF E.SETON-THOMPSON’S SHORT STORY ‘THE ВIOGRAPHY OF A GRIZZLY’

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
M.Yu. Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Transformation Techniques ◽  
Artistic Images ◽  
The Given

The role of Ernest Seton-Thompson as a writer who started the genre of animal short-story and his contribution into the national Canadian literature are discussed in the article. Peculiar features of animal-personages from his short-stories which are close to people were singled out. The peculiarities of the literary translation which aim is to reflect ideas, feelings transforming the author’s images with the help of another language material, the main features that make it different from a classical one were stated. Contemporary scholars who scrutinize this aspect in modern translation studies were found out. The notion of adequacy in the process of a literary text translation, the necessity and strive of the translator to reflect the sense, embodied in artistic images, to preserve genre and style and structural-compositional peculiarities of the original text in the context of comparative analysis of the literary text were noted. The differences between the original text of E.Seton-Thompson’s short-story “The Biography of a Grizzly” and its translation by М.Chukovsky were analyzed in the given article. The translation can be called adequate as some change of content and form of the original text by means of the target language did not impact into general perception of the short-story in its translation. The translator conveys the author’s ideas provoking reader‘s reaction to the story. М.Chukovsky  preserved its content, the system of images and the author’s style and plot identity of the original text. Peculiarities of his translation, main structural-grammar and lexical transformations used in the translation were marked. Among the most frequently used transformation techniques actual division of the sentence, grammar changes, change of the sentence parts, concretization, generalization, addition, omission and antonymic translation are noted.

scholarly journals About the choral concert «Ne otverzhi mene vo vremia starosti» by Andriy Rachinsky

2019 ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
Olha Shumilina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Cyclic Form ◽  
Public Performance ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Compositional Structure ◽  
Life Circumstances ◽  
The Way

In the article the concert «Ne otverzhi mene vo vremia starosti» is studied by A. Rachinsky, whose choral score has just been reconstructed from the vocal parties of the manuscript collection of party works. The purpose of the article is to keep track the influence based on the material of the concert «Ne otverzhi» of A. Rachinsky's spiritual works written in a new style on the first composer's experiences by M. Berezovsky, created during the early period of creativity, before departure to study in Bologna. The methodology of the research is based on the principles of comparative analysis, which provides the basis for identifying common and distinctive features and identifying the hereditary connections between the work of A. Rachinsky and M. Berezovsky. Analysis of the concert «Ne otverzhi» by A. Rachinsky with full choral score revealed in this work the signs of a new style (individualization of the themes, increasing the role of solo constructions, relying on the functional harmonic framework basis, the use of cyclic composition with the final fugue, etc.) and confirmed affiliation with the era of early classicism. Comparing this work with the concerts of the early period of M. Berezovsky’s work, especially with the concert «Ne otverzhi», written on the same text, showed many inherited features (from the interpretation of the cyclic form, the similarity of the figurative and emotional decision of some musical themes and the compositional structure of the sections to the «germination» of certain rhythm formulas), and also revealed distinctive features, first of all, in the general meaningful concept of concert cycles, which is connected with the character of the final fugue, which in the concert of A. Rachinsky is a personification of life-affairs reminiscent of the beginning, a symbol of victory of man over enemies, while in M. Berezovsky suffering and protesting people still become a victim of life circumstances. The revealing of the handwritten source with the full musical text of the concert «Ne otverzhi» by A. Rachinsky completed a long stage of search for choral parties and opened the way for public performance of this work worthy of being sung in Ukraine and abroad.

scholarly journals Spanish South American and Brazilian Demonyms: Morphosyntactic Structure and Axiological Values

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 576-596
Author(s):  
Olga S. Chesnokova ◽  
Marija Radović ◽  
Irina B. Kotenyatkina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
South American ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
American Spanish

This article contributes to the study of the grammar, semantics, expressive values of a very special onymic category, inhabitants names, or demonyms. The authors examine and compare demonyms in two varieties of Romanic languages - South American Spanish and Brazilian Portuguese from both a multi-modal point of view and empirical evidence (synchronic and diachronic data) and systemize them by concentrating on their morphosyntactic distinctive features and semiotic content. The perspective revealed in this paper aims to study, define and analyze the main tendencies in the creation of denominative adjectives functioning as demonyms, to establish the parameters of discrepancies and convergences regarding demonyms of the region in question. The authors based on analyzing the motivation sources, grammar formulae, suffix combinations, socio-cultural varieties and the occurrence of homonymy, as well as their significance, axiological values in forming a group identity and the stereotypes they might lead to. The methodology has included semiotic, cognitive, historic and comparative analysis - a synchronic conceptual transdisciplinary analysis. The results of the study confirm the premise that the demonym suffixes randomly alternate in derivation processes, but also demonstrate the existence of other morphological and pragmatic trends while outlining the role of demonyms in migration processes, formation of a linguistic landscape and axiological values.

scholarly journals Accounting of liability of the enterprise under national and international accounting standards.

2019 ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
Olena Koba ◽  
Yuliia Myronova ◽  
Ilona Siroshtan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
International Accounting ◽  
International Accounting Standards ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Given

The article deals with the order of formation of information and reflection of operations on accounting of obligations of the enterprise in accordance with the norms of national and international accounting standards. The comparative analysis of normative documents in the context of the interpretation of the essence, recognition and classification of obligations of the enterprise is carried out. The common and distinctive features of the method of accounting for the given object are established.

The Role of the Zakat System during the Colonial-period in Malaysia and Uzbekistan: A Comparative Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 04 ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
Avazbek Ganiyev Oybekovich ◽  
◽  
Hassan Shakeel Shah ◽  
Mohammad Ayaz ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Colonial Period

The role of graining in ensuring food security

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
R. M. Gambarova
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
The Government ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Grain Farms

Relevance. Grain is the key to strategic products to ensure food security. From this point of view, the creation of large grain farms is a matter for the country's selfsufficiency and it leading to a decrease in financial expense for import. Creation of such farms creates an abundance of productivity from the area and leads to obtaining increased reproductive seeds. The main policy of the government is to minimize dependency from import, create abundance of food and create favorable conditions for export potential.The purpose of the study: the development of grain production in order to ensure food security of the country and strengthen government support for this industry.Methods: comparative analysis, systems approach.Results. As shown in the research, if we pay attention to the activities of private entrepreneurship in the country, we can see result of the implementation of agrarian reforms after which various types of farms have been created in republic.The role of privateentrepreneurshipinthedevelopmentofproduction is great. Тhe article outlines the sowing area, production, productivity, import, export of grain and the level of selfsufficiency in this country from 2015 till 2017.

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