scholarly journals Effect of Chemo-radiotherapy on Salivary Flora of Oral Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reeta Maurya ◽  
Madhup Rastogi ◽  
Manodeep Sen ◽  
Ajai Kumar Singh ◽  
Somali Sanyal
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Flora ◽  
Oral Cancers ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients ◽  
Post Radiation ◽  
Oropharyngeal Flora ◽  
And Control

Management of cancers of oral cancers has remained a major challenge in India and globally. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are mostly employed for treatment which inflicts changes in oral mucosa and makes it vulnerable for bacterial colonization and eventual infections. This study aims at evaluating the changes in oropharyngeal flora (bacteria and yeast) in oral cancer patients treated by a combination of chemo-radiotherapy with the control groups comprising of non-cancerous patients living in the same environment. This prospective evaluation included Seventy seven patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas in the study group. Whereas the control group comprised of twenty five non-cancerous patients. Saliva samples were collected from patients with oral carcinomas and those of the control group for bacteriological examination, and were transported within 2 hours to the laboratory and immediately inoculated and incubated. The oral microflora samples collected were evaluated for the presence of bacteria in saliva in both study and control group of patients. We evaluated the change in salivary oral flora during chemo-radiotherapy treatment. A statistically significant increase in growth of normal as well as abnormal oral flora was observed post-radiation. Escherichia coli showed a significant decrease in post-RT and also near to significant in control. Various changes in salivary oral flora were observed during the course of chemo-radiotherapy in study and controls groups. This shows that there are some sensitive spots in the oral cavity where the occurrence of oral cancer is more.

Effect of Anterolateral Thigh Perforator Flap Repair on the Appearance, Language and Masticatory Function of Oral Cancer Patients after Radical Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 4277-4285
Author(s):  
Fengchun Hou ◽  
Di Wang ◽  
Tao Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Myocutaneous Flap ◽  
Perforator Flap ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Masticatory Function ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients

Purpose: The purpose was to explore the application effect of anterolateral thigh perforator flap (ALTP) and pectoralis major myocutaneous flap on repairing the tissuedefects after oral cancer surgery. Methods: 100 oral cancer patients treated in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects. After both groups of patients received extended resection of tumors, neck lymph node dissection and other routine treatment, the control group was repaired by pectoralis major myocutaneous flap while the study group was repaired by ALTP to compare the flap survival rate, language, masticatory function and other related indicators between the two groups. Results: The flap harvesting time and defect repair time in the control group were shorter than those in the study group (P<0.05); The language, masticatory function and swallowing function in both groups after treatment were significantly better than those before treatment (P<0.05); The total incidence of complications in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05); After treatment, the quality of life scores in both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: Both ALTP and pectoralis major myocutaneous flap can be used to repair the tissue defects after radical resection of oral cancer, which can effective improve the postoperative appearance, language and masticatory function of oral cancer patients. However, pectoralis major myocutaneous flap has easier operation and shorter operation time while ALTP can significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative complications with higher safety.

ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BLOOD IN ORAL CANCER

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. RAUTRAY ◽  
V. VIJAYAN ◽  
P. K. HOTA
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Spectroscopic Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carcinogenic Effect ◽  
Carcinogenic Agents ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients ◽  
Oral Malignancies

Fluctuations of the concentration levels of trace elements play an egregious role in enhancing carcinogenic effect in healthy persons and in the pathogenesis of oral malignancies. Epidemiological studies regarding the role of external carcinogenic agents in oral cancer have documented the involvement of certain trace elements either directly or indirectly. An analysis of trace elements like K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se And Pb was done in seventeen oral cancer patients having tobacco habits by drawing their whole blood and determining their concentrations using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) spectroscopic technique at Institute of Physics. Bhubaneswar, India which is rapid, efficient, multi-elemental and non-destructive in nature and in principle sensitive to all elements from Na to U. Fifteen healthy non-cancerous persons with tobacco habits were also taken as control. The results of the study group when compared with the control group illustrated that K, Cu and Se concentrations were significantly higher in the oral cancer patients as an effect of deleterious tobacco upon their blood whereas the rest of the elements like Ca, Zn, Fe and Pb did not reveal significant changes.

Emerging Mechanisms of Immunosuppression in Oral Cancers

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
pp. 1061-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jewett ◽  
C. Head ◽  
N.A. Cacalano
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes ◽  
Oral Cancers ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients ◽  
And Function

Mounting effective anti-tumor immune responses against tumors by both the innate and adaptive immune effectors is important for the clearance of tumors. However, accumulated evidence indicates that immune responses that should otherwise suppress or eliminate transformed cells are themselves suppressed by the function of tumor cells in a variety of cancer patients, including those with oral cancers. Signaling abnormalities, spontaneous apoptosis, and reduced proliferation and function of circulating natural killer cells (NK), T-cells, dendritic cells (DC), and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been documented previously in oral cancer patients. Several mechanisms have been proposed for the functional deficiencies of tumor-associated immune cells in oral cancer patients. Both soluble factors and contact-mediated immunosuppression by the tumor cells have been implicated in the inhibition of immune cell function and the progression of tumors. More recently, elevated levels and function of key transcription factors in tumor cells, particularly NFκB and STAT3, have been shown to mediate immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment. This review will focus on these emerging mechanisms of immunosuppression in oral cancers.

Correlation of Arsenic Levels in Smokeless Tobacco Products and Biological Samples of Oral Cancer Patients and Control Consumers

2015 ◽  
Vol 168 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf S. Arain ◽  
Tasneem G. Kazi ◽  
Hassan I. Afridi ◽  
Farah N. Talpur ◽  
Atif G. Kazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco Products ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals The prospective evaluation and risk factors of dysphagia after surgery in patients with oral cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takumi Hasegawa ◽  
Nanae Yatagai ◽  
Tatsuya Furukawa ◽  
Emi Wakui ◽  
Izumi Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Neck Dissection ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Reconstructive Surgery ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Oral Cancers ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Poor Group ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients

Abstract Background This prospective study investigated the change of swallowing ability using the Swallowing Ability Scale System (SASS) and swallowing-related quality of life (QOL) by Performance Status Scale for Head and Neck Cancer patients (PSS-H&N). This study also investigated the risk factors for postoperative dysphagia in patients who received reconstructive surgery for oral cancer. Subjects and Methods This study included 64 patients (33 men and 31 women) who underwent radical surgery with neck dissection and reconstructive surgery for oral cancers between July 2014 and February 2018. We evaluated risk factors for poor swallowing ability after treatment, including demographic factors, preoperative factors and perioperative factors, with univariate and multivariate analyses. The change of swallowing ability by the SASS and swallowing-related QOL by PSS-H&N were evaluated prospectively prior to the initiation of surgery within 1 week and at 1 and 3 months after treatment. Results Advanced T stage (T3, 4) (odds ratio (OR) = 79.71), bilateral neck dissection (OR = 20.66) and the resection of unilateral or bilateral suprahyoid muscles (OR = 17.00) were associated with poor swallowing ability after treatment. The scores for time for food intake and Eating in Public were associated with decrease of QOL in the poor group. Conclusions We propose that clinicians consider the risk factors identified in this study and pay close attention to the management of oral cancer patients with reconstructive surgery. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Evaluating the levels of D-dimer as a primary marker in oral cancers using immunoturbidimetric assay: The original research

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Ashok K. Vikey ◽  
Rajkumar Parwani ◽  
Madhusudan Asteker ◽  
Deepali Gupta ◽  
Simran Parwani
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Oral Cancers ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Tissue Factors ◽  
Dual Action ◽  
And Control ◽  
D Dimer

Objectives: Oral cancer is major health threat; with 90% mortality and ranks sixth among worldwide cancers. So to overcome this mortality; newer bio-markers are explored and one of such biomarker is D-dimer, which is end product of fibrinogen formed by plasmin. The raised levels of D-dimer play significant role in proliferation and progress of cancer cells. In cancers D-dimer is formed by dual action, where UPA (Urokinase type Plasminogen Activator) and Tissue factor play important role simultaneously. To understand correlation between D- dimer and oral cancers, by immunoturbidimetry; quantitative assay. Material and Methods: After obtaining consents of patients and Institutional ethical clearance, we randomly selected; age and sex matched; 216 samples. Further these samples were subdivides as oral cancer group and control group, consisting 108 samples in each group respectively. Results: Statistical analysis was done; using SPSS version 20, unpaired -T test, and one way ANOVA were applied. Plasma D-dimer levels were; 497.32±872.28μl/ml and 165.30±150.43 28μl/ml, among cancer and control groups respectively, (P≤ 0.0001), which was statistically highly significant. Conclusion: D-dimer is altered during carcinogenesis by activation of UPA and Tissue factors, and this distinguishes form routine levels of D-dimer. This suggests that, cancer cell biology is greatly affected by D-dimer levels during growth and spread of cancers. So raised levels of D-dimer can be considered during interventions of cancers, and incorporated as a biomarker. However for its scientific applications; there is need of further study, with collaborative approach and larger samples, to restrict cancer related mortalities.

scholarly journals Effects of a simulation-based blended training model on nurses’ treatment decision-related knowledge about oral cancer in Taiwan: a pilot survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Chia-Chang Huang ◽  
Shiau-Shian Huang ◽  
Ying-Ying Yang ◽  
Shou-Yen Kao
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Oral Cancers ◽  
Blended Training ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients ◽  
Pre Treatment

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of VR simulations combined with bedside assignments on nurses' self-efficacy in providing pre-treatment educational services. Between March 2019 and November 2020, we conducted a study of VR educational materials that were developed to cover information about the treatment of oral cancers. The effects of the VR simulation, the thinking-path tracking map method, and bedside assignments on the nurses treatment decision-related knowledge were evaluated in a ward for oral cancer patients at Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. The blended training model significantly increased nurses' familiarity (P<0.01) and confidence (P<0.03) regarding their knowledge of treatments and treatment decision-related knowledge. This model also significantly increased their confidence in their skills in bedside pre-treatment education for admitted oral cancer patients (P<0.002). Oral cancer-specific VR materials enhanced the effectiveness of skills training among nurses in the oral cancer ward.

scholarly journals Alteration in Oral Flora and Effect of Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemo-radiotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 2129-2135
Author(s):  
Reeta Maurya ◽  
Manodeep Sen ◽  
Madhup Rastogi ◽  
Somali Sanyal
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Flora ◽  
Healthy Mucosa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Radiation

The main aim of this study is to determine the various types of oral bacteria and yeast. Present in oral flora of head and neck cancer patients at different stages of chemo-radiotherapy, and compare it with the control group (patients with contralateral healthy mucosa). Seventy seven patients with proven history of squamous cell carcinoma were included in the study. The oral mucosa profile was assessed for bacterial manifestations in swab samples from both the sites of the patients. The grade of mucositis was charted out for all patients during the second and third week of radiotherapy. The study revealed that all isolated oral flora showed a non-significant increase during radiotherapy, while there was a decrease in oral flora in post RT. However, E. faecalis showed a non- significant decrease during RT, while Citrobacter showed an increase. Candida albicans showed 83% non- significant decrease post- radiotherapy. When these floras were correlated with grade of mucositis, an insignificant increase in flora was found in G2 and G3 stage of mucositis. In this study, the effect of radiation was evaluated on oral flora of head and neck cancer patients and compared with contralateral healthy mucosa of the patients. Various changes were observed during and after radiation therapy. In patients with head and neck cancer the normal oral flora are replaced by pathogenic flora during radiotherapy, and the latter is responsible for infections in post- radiation phase.

scholarly journals Oral Cancer Surgery and COVID 19 Pandemic: Our Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shehnaz Kantharia
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Operative Procedure ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Cancer Surgery ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Oral Cancers ◽  
Emergency Procedures ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients

The COVID 19 pandemic limited the clinical practice of Surgical Oncologists all over the world to performing emergency procedures and surgeries. During this initial period of two to three weeks we realised that further delay in the treatment of curable oral cancers would have serious adverse prognostic implications. So we started the process to formulate our own institutional guidelines to screen and test all preoperative asymptomatic oral cancer patients for COVID 19. All preoperative oral cancer patients were tested for Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT PCR) and a negative COVID RT PCR report was followed by HRCT Chest. We share our prospectively collected data of Oral Cancer Surgery patients from 14th April to 31st May 2020 with details of sub site, stage, operative procedure and type of reconstruction offered. Our institutional protocol to test all preoperative patients by the highly sensitive HRCT Chest combined with the gold standard RT PCR assay ensured the safety of our patients, attendants and the hospital staff.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Effects of a Mobile Health App on Reducing Patient Care Needs and Improving Quality of Life After Oral Cancer Surgery: Quasiexperimental Study

10.2196/18132 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e18132
Author(s):  
Tze-Fang Wang ◽  
Rou-Chen Huang ◽  
Su-Chen Yang ◽  
Chyuan Chou ◽  
Lee-Chen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients ◽  
Experimental Group

Background Intervention with a mobile Health (mHealth) app can improve the efficacy of early detection of oral cancer and the outcomes for patients taking oral anticancer medications. The quality of life of oral cancer patients is significantly reduced within three months after surgery; also, their needs for nursing care and health information increase, mainly due to side effects and associated psychological problems. Objective This study aimed to evaluate changes in the care needs and quality of life of patients with oral cancer after receiving the intervention of a newly developed mHealth app. Methods After surgery, oral cancer patients were divided into an experimental group (n=50) who received the mHealth app intervention and a control group (n=50) who received routine health care and instruction. After 3 months of intervention, survey questionnaires were used to assess the patients’ quality of life, nursing care needs, and acceptance of the mHealth app. Results The physiological care needs were significantly decreased in the experimental group compared with the control group (P<.05). Although the differences were not statistically significant, the psychological needs, communication needs, and care support needs all improved after the mHealth app intervention. The overall improvement in quality of life was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (–7.24 vs –4.36). In terms of intention to use, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use, the acceptability scores of the mHealth app were significantly increased after 3 months of intervention (P<.05). Conclusions Compared with routine health care and instruction, for patients after surgery, the education/information intervention using the mHealth app significantly reduced their nursing care needs, improved their quality of life, and increased their acceptance of using an mHealth app on a mobile device. These findings can provide a theoretical basis for future health care app design and improvement. This study suggests that an mHealth app should be incorporated into the routine care of oral cancer patients to provide medical information quickly and improve their self-management abilities, thereby reducing the patients’ need for physiological care and improving their quality of life. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04049968; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04049968

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