scholarly journals Implementation of Multilingual Chatbot

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 1367-1373
Author(s):  
Gopan Doshi
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Conversational Agents ◽  
Human Speech ◽  
Local Language ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Complex Series ◽  
Multiple Languages

Chatbots – otherwise called "conversational agents" – are software applications that mimic human speech to simulate a discussion or communication with a genuine individual. Chatbots measure the content introduced to them by the user, prior to responding as indicated by a complex series of algorithms that deciphers and recognizes what the user said, deduces what they mean, and decides a progression of fitting responses dependent on this data. The flaw in this technology is that, majority of the chatbots support English language only and not many have the expertise to impart in numerous dialects. We can’t expect all the users using this technology to know and communicate in English, and despite that, a study shows that individuals are inclined toward imparting in their local language since it's more convenient. We’ve made our attempt to overcome this flaw by building a system that is plurilingual and can communicate in a total of 108 languages. Through this paper, we explain the development of a multilingual chatbot i.e., a bot that can converse with users in multiple languages, it can be a tremendous asset to any organization. This particularly holds true in an exceptionally semantically assorted nation like India.

scholarly journals MNCN: A Multilingual Ngram-Based Convolutional Network for Aspect Category Detection in Online Reviews

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 6441-6448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfan Ghadery ◽  
Sajad Movahedi ◽  
Heshaam Faili ◽  
Azadeh Shakery
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Online Reviews ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Word Embeddings ◽  
Convolutional Network ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
Multiple Languages

The advent of the Internet has caused a significant growth in the number of opinions expressed about products or services on e-commerce websites. Aspect category detection, which is one of the challenging subtasks of aspect-based sentiment analysis, deals with categorizing a given review sentence into a set of predefined categories. Most of the research efforts in this field are devoted to English language reviews, while there are a large number of reviews in other languages that are left unexplored. In this paper, we propose a multilingual method to perform aspect category detection on reviews in different languages, which makes use of a deep convolutional neural network with multilingual word embeddings. To the best of our knowledge, our method is the first attempt at performing aspect category detection on multiple languages simultaneously. Empirical results on the multilingual dataset provided by SemEval workshop demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method1.

Quality of media reporting following a celebrity suicide in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas Menon ◽  
Sujita Kumar Kar ◽  
Natarajan Varadharajan ◽  
Charanya Kaliamoorthy ◽  
Jigyansa Ipsita Pattnaik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Online News ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Media Reporting ◽  
Local Language ◽  
Celebrity Suicide ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Celebrity suicides have the potential to trigger suicide contagion, particularly when media reporting is detailed and imbalanced. We aimed to assess the quality of media reporting of suicide of a popular Indian entertainment celebrity against the World Health Organization (WHO) suicide reporting guidelines. Methods Relevant news articles that reported the actor’s suicide were retrieved from online news portals of regional and English language newspapers and television channels in the immediate week following the event. Deductive content analysis of these articles was done using a pre-designed data extraction form. Results A total of 573 news articles were analyzed. Several breaches of reporting were noted in relation to mentioning the word ‘celebrity’ in the title of report (14.7%), inclusion of the deceased’s photograph (88.5%), detailed descriptions of the method (50.4%) and location of suicide (70.6%); local language newspapers were more culpable than English newspapers. Helpful reporting characteristics such as mentioning warning signs (4.1%), including educational information (2.7%) and suicide support line details (14.0%) were rarely practiced. Conclusion Media reporting of celebrity suicide in India is imbalanced and poorly adherent to suicide reporting recommendations. Local language news reports display more frequent and serious violations in reporting as opposed to English news articles.

Is there any link between celebrity suicide and further suicidal behaviour in India?

2020 ◽  
pp. 002076402096453
Author(s):  
Vikas Menon ◽  
Sujita Kumar Kar ◽  
Marthoenis Marthoenis ◽  
SM Yasir Arafat ◽  
Ginni Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
English Language ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Online News ◽  
Local Language ◽  
Data Extraction Form ◽  
Celebrity Suicide ◽  
Suicide Note

Background: Little is known about the factors that determine vulnerability to subsequent suicide in the community following a celebrity suicide. Our objective was to investigate the link between an alleged celebrity suicide and further suicidal behaviour in the community in India. Methods: Relevant news articles that reported suicidal behaviour in the population were retrieved from online news portals of regional and English language newspapers in the immediate month following the actor’s death. A deductive analysis of the retrieved suicide news articles was carried out using a pre-designed data extraction form. Results: A total of 1160 relevant news articles were identified from the local language ( n = 985) and English ( n = 175) newspapers. For a sizeable percentage of these reports ( n = 65, 5.6%), the media reported links with celebrity suicide. Odds of subsequent suicide among young (Odds Ratios [OR] – 9.24), female (OR – 1.94), unemployed (OR – 7.26), those without precipitating life events (OR – 2.94) or mental illness (OR – 1.69) were higher among those with link to celebrity suicide; likewise, odds of death by hanging (OR – 49.84) and leaving a suicide note (OR – 2.03) were higher among those linked to celebrity suicide. English newspapers (OR – 4.23) were more likely to report events linked to celebrity suicide than local language newspapers Conclusion: Persons who died by suicide by hanging after a celebrity suicide are more likely to be young, female, unemployed, have a mental disorder or precipitating life events. Suicide prevention efforts must focus on this group and prevent the same method of suicide like that of the celebrity.

The porous borders of language and nation

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren R. Zentz
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Linguistic Ideologies ◽  
Local Language ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Research Interviews

This analysis of language use and legislation in globalization highlights challenges to and crossings of the borders of Indonesian nationalist ideologies and local language ecologies. Through the specific workings of language and languaging in situ, here explored through three brief examples of language use and ideologies in Central Java, I analyze university English majors’ discussions of the local meaningfulness of English. The analysis demonstrates that institutional language policies are simultaneously subverted by and influential in local language hierarchies. The discussions analyzed come from the students’ written Sociolinguistics class assignments while I was their teacher and from research interviews that they participated in with me, both in which I ask participants about the borders of what can be defined as the English language, and the borders of linguistic ideologies and nationalism in contemporary Indonesia. With an intent stemming from the very origins of language policy research to generate ideas for how state apparatuses might better serve their constituents (Fishman, 1974), this information is essential for understanding the limitations and opportunities that states are instrumental in creating among their citizenries.

scholarly journals Shifting identities through switching codes: A close look at the social languages of pre-service English teachers in an Indonesian context

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-129
Author(s):  
Dwi Riyanti
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
English Teachers ◽  
Multiple Identities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
Shifting Identities ◽  
Multiple Languages ◽  
Pre Service Teacher

The globalization of English has undoubtedly brought shifts into how the English language is taught in classroom settings and how English teachers are prepared. In English as a foreign language (EFL) settings, for example, teaching and learning English is generally influenced by local contexts. Taking into account the sociocultural contexts of the learners and the teachers, identity construction becomes one important aspect in the process of English teaching and learning. Focusing on the microanalysis of social language uses, the study was aimed to understand how pre-service teachers of English as a foreign language in a multilingual setting, Indonesia, enact their identities through their language use in classroom settings. The data for this study was obtained from a classroom observation where an English pre-service teacher was performing peer teaching. The discourse analysis of the first thirteen minutes of a pre-service teacher's teaching demonstration indicates that multiple identities were enacted when the student teacher switched from one language to another. The pervasive use of code-switching in four different languages (Indonesian, English, Arabic, and Malay) provides clues that Mamas, a student teacher's pseudonym in the study was enacting different identities as he taught his peers. While further research is absolutely necessary to obtain more vivid pictures of the reasons behind using multiple languages in teaching English within this context, the study provides insight about how pre-service teachers in an Indonesian context try to develop identities as they learn to teach English.

scholarly journals Multilingualism in Cameroon: An Expression of Many Countries in One Country

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paschal Kum Awah
Keyword(s):  
Historical Background ◽  
Local Language ◽  
The People ◽  
Governance Process ◽  
Linguistic Groups ◽  
Complex Culture ◽  
Multiple Languages ◽  
Local Languages

Cameroon is a country with many languages interacting together. The languages have a complex history reflecting its complex culture. This paper focuses on some of these complexities and demonstrate how people belonging to different linguistic groups construct and deconstruct the concept of country using local languages. I will expand on the feeling of belonging to the country when a local language is used. The paper will set the context, provide a historical background of Cameroon, explain the language situation and settle on how the multiple languages spoken in Cameroon make village and ethnic entities countries within a country. It may not be possible to discuss the possible interactions between the multiple languages but levels of interaction of these languages will be established. The notion of country will be explained through the use of the languages and linked to the complexity in the governance process undermining the unity of the people of Cameroon.

scholarly journals Globalization influence on linguistic and cultural state due to the language contacts’ interaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (Extra-A) ◽  
pp. 190-197
Author(s):  
Jerome Baghana ◽  
Tatiana G. Voloshina ◽  
Yana A. Glebova ◽  
Emilia A. Bocharova ◽  
Minara A. Radovich
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
Standard English ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Local Language ◽  
Language Structure ◽  
The World ◽  
Hybrid Language ◽  
Local Languages

The article deals with the peculiarities of linguistic and cultural changes of language structure influenced by globalization process within the language contacts’ interaction. The analysis of various aspects in the modern society proves the dominance of the English language in the formation of the world collaboration. According to the research, English hybrid languages or new Englishes, based on the Standard English norms, are forced to adapt to the local linguistic and cultural needs. These hybrid languages perform the mixture of indigenous languages’ structure and Standard English rules, thought in many cases English dominates and replaces phonetic, lexical, syntactic elements of indigenous languages. Much attention in the work is paid to the peculiarities of such hybrid language as Nigerian English, which presents the local language variant, functioning in Nigeria. Owing to language contacts’ cooperation, Nigerian English combines the language features of Standard English rules and Nigerian local languages’ peculiarities.    

scholarly journals Postal Address Identification and Sorting

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 4946-4953
Author(s):  
Mr. Onkar Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Fast Moving ◽  
English Language ◽  
Official Language ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Postal Address ◽  
Recognition Model ◽  
Digit Recognition ◽  
Normal Man ◽  
Multiple Languages ◽  
Postal Automation

In this fast-moving world, a normal man can take considerable time to find a postal card in a bunch of postcards with significant issues like unclear handwriting, having trouble recognizing some uncommon or ambiguous names. Also, in postal offices or industries, it negatively impacts the efficiency of the postal system. I am making a system for Indian postal automation based on recognizing pin-code on the postcard. In India, there are multiple languages were speak. Indian postcards are mainly written in three languages the state's official language, English, and Devanagari language. In India, more than 50% of people write Pincode digits in either English or Devanagari language, so I am making such a system that sorts both English and Devanagari language postcards. Moreover, the system is mature enough to recognize handwritten as well as printed digits. As a result, the system gets an accuracy of 92.59% on the English language postcards, 90% accuracy on the Devanagari language postcards e and the digit recognition model gives accuracy 99.23% Devanagari numerals and 99.43% accuracy on English numerals.

scholarly journals An Augmented Multilingual Twitter Dataset for Studying the COVID-19 Infodemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian E. Lopez ◽  
Caleb Gallemore
Keyword(s):  
Information Diffusion ◽  
English Language ◽  
Named Entity Recognition ◽  
Semantic Networks ◽  
Entity Recognition ◽  
Popular Discourse ◽  
Named Entity ◽  
Computationally Intensive ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Multiple Languages

Abstract We present an openly available dataset to facilitate researchers’ exploration of popular discourse about the COVID-19 pandemic. The dataset, whose collection is ongoing, currently consists of over 780 million tweets, from all over the world, in multiple languages. Tweets start from 22 January 2020, when the total cases of reported COVID-19 were below 600 worldwide. The dataset was collected using the Twitter API and by rehydrating tweets from another openly available database. To facilitate access for other researchers, the English-language tweet data has been augmented by state-of-the-art Twitter sentiment and named entity recognition algorithms. The dataset and the summary files we provide allow researchers to avoid some computationally intensive analyses, facilitating more widespread use of social media data to gain insights on issues such as (mis)information diffusion, semantic networks, sentiment, and the evolution of COVID-19 discussions. The insights extracted from such analyses could help inform policy and advocacy work amid the current and future pandemics.

Mining Twitter Data for Landslide Events Reported Worldwide

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-64
Author(s):  
Aibek Musaev ◽  
Pezhman Sheinidashtegol ◽  
Elizabeth Conrad ◽  
Shamkant B. Navathe
Keyword(s):  
Classification Model ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Local Language ◽  
International Language ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Twitter Data ◽  
Citizen Sensing ◽  
Cross Lingual ◽  
Multiple Languages

The explosion of user generated content in social media published from mobile devices has led to the concept known as “citizen sensing.” Although English has been adopted by many as a de facto standard international language, reports about events, such as disasters, are frequently provided by citizens in their local language in addition to English. Attempting to integrate citizen reports from many languages is a significant challenge. This article describes the tools that address this challenge to enable the support of citizen-sensing of landslide events reported worldwide. Multilingual support is based on the first unified cross-lingual dataset of word vectors for representing texts in multiple languages. The classification model based on the proposed cross-lingual word vectors outperforms the “native” and “translated” approaches based on monolingual word vectors. Furthermore, it does not require the creation of a separate training set in a local language or its translation to English.

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