scholarly journals Biodiesel Preparation, Process Optimization and Characterization from Neem seed Oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 525-527
Author(s):  
Anusha P
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Edible Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Neem Seed Oil ◽  
Ft Ir

Abstract: The consumption of edible oil is very high in the country and still the indigenous production does not meet the demand and considerable amount of edible oil is imported. Also, it is not advisable to divert these sources for biodiesel production. On the other hand, the non-edible oil resources could be a solution for biodiesel production. Non-edible oil from the plant seeds is the most promising alternative fuel for internal combustion engine because it is renewable, environment friendly, non-toxic, biodegradable has no sulphur and aromatics, has favourable combustion value and higher cetane number. Extensive work has been done on the transesterification of non-edible oils; however, no significant work has been done on the optimization of transesterification process, oil characterization and fuel analysis of most of the non-edible seed oils. Low cost and abundantly found non-edible oils such as Neem oil could be a better option for biodiesel processing. In the present work, optimization of transesterification process and analysis of biodiesel from non-edible oil was done; based on optimized protocol for biodiesel production from Neem seed oil converted into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) through base catalyzed trans esterification using an optimum ratio of 1:6 (Oil : Methanol) at 600C. Biodiesel from these sources was analyzed for qualitative and quantitative characterization by using, GC-MS and FT-IR techniques. Based on qualitative and quantitative analysis of biodiesel, it is concluded that the biodiesel from these species can be feasible, cost effective and environment friendly. Keywords: Neem oil, Biodiesel, Tran’s esterification, GC-MS, and FT-IR.

Studies on optimization of transesterification of certain oils to produce biodiesel

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Edible Oils ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Edible Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

The oil seed production in the country presently meets only 60-70% of its total edible oil requirements and the rest is met through imports. India also has a potential of collecting 5 million tons of tree-borne oilseeds (TBO) of which only one million tons are being collected presently. The consumption of edible oil is very high in the country and still the indigenous production does not meet the demand and considerable amount of edible oil is imported and it is therefore, not advisable to divert these sources for biodiesel production. On the other hand, the non-edible oil resources can be a solution for biodiesel production. Non- edible oil from the plant seeds is the most promising alternative fuel for internal combustion engine because it is renewable, environment friendly, non-toxic, biodegradable has no sulphur and aromatics, has favourable combustion value and higher cetane number. Extensive work has been done on the transesterification of non-edible oils; however, no significant work has been done on the optimization of transesterification process, oil characterization and fuel analysis of most of the non-edible seed oils. In the present work, optimization of transesterification process and analysis of biodiesel from non-edible oil was done; based on optimized protocol for biodiesel production from non-edible oilseeds of Neem and Pongamia converted into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) through base catalyzed transesterification using an optimum ratio of 1:6 (Oil : Methanol) at 60oC. Biodiesel from these sources was analyzed for qualitative and quantitative characterization by using, GC-MS and FT-IR techniques. Based on qualitative and quantitative analysis of biodiesel, it is concluded that the biodiesel from these species can be feasible, cost effective and environment friendly.

scholarly journals Functional Properties of Neem Oil as Potential Feedstock for Biodiesel Production

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Prithviraj Bhandare ◽  
G.R. Naik
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Neem Seed Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Fuels

Fossil fuel resources are decreasing daily while biodiesel fuels are attracting increasing attention worldwide as blending components or direct replacements for diesel fuel in vehicle engines. In this experiment the seed oils of 30 Neem (Azadirachta indica. A. juss) biotypes were screened and evaluated for their physio-chemical parameters for oil content, biodiesel yield, density, viscosity, iodine value , free fatty acid and saponification value. Hence the neem seed oil tested in this current study could be the potential sources of raw material for biodiesel production.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF NEEM, STRAIGHT AND SOLUBLE OILS AS CUTTING FLUIDS ON TOOL WEARING DURING METALWORK PRACTICALS IN TECHNICAL COLLEGES IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 166-177
Author(s):  
Lkama J. Drambi ◽  
Yusuf Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Neem Seed Oil ◽  
The Mean

The study investigated the effects cutting fluids on tool wearing on high speed steel (HSS) using mild steel workpiece for teaching machining operation. Two specific objectives guided the study, two corresponding research questions were poised and two null hypotheses were formulated. The theoretical frame work for the study was hinged on experiential learning theory as propounded by Rogers (1969). The growing demand for biodegradable materials has opened an avenue for using vegetable oils such as neem seed oil, castor oil and water melon seed oil as an alternative to conventional cutting fluids. In this study, some aspects of the turning process on mild steel using HSS cutting tool at variety of spindle speed, feed rate and constant depth of cut were observed using neem seed oil, soluble oil and straight oil in comparison. The data collected from the study was analyzed using mean and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The decision rule was that, the smaller the mean value obtained the more effective the cutting fluid and the higher the mean value, the less effective the cutting fluid. The hypotheses were tested at α=0.05 significance level using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings of the study revealed that soluble oil is more effective in reducing tool wearing than neem oil and straight oil at variety of feed rates and spindle speeds during machining operation. Also there is no significant difference in the mean readings of tool wearing when using neem oil, soluble oil, and straight oil as cutting fluid. It was therefore recommended that machinists should be encouraged to use soluble oil which has greater advantage over neem and straight oils in machining operations

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF MIXING ON THE PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM NEEM SEED OIL USING METHANOL AND HOMOGENEOUS CATALYST

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 451-457
Author(s):  
F. Sini ◽  
I. M Atadashi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Homogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Neem Seed Oil ◽  
American Society

Biodiesel was prepared through alkali-catalysed transesterification of neem seed oil using sodium hydroxide as catalyst and ethanol. This process of was carried out firstly throuch eserification and then via transesterification. The process was carried out by varying stirring speed (350, 450, 550, 650, 750 and 850 rpm.) and keeping other variables constant (temperature of 60oC, catalyst concentration of 1w/w%  and 6:1 oil to ethanol molar ratio). In this research work, a yield of 93w/w% was achieved at the stirring speed of 850 rpm. It was observed that the viscosity (3.73mm2/s at 400C) of neem oil methylester generated was within the limit (2-6mm2/s) specified by the American Society for Testing and Materials Standards. The density of neem biodiesel at ambient temperature (250C) was found to be 0.85g/ml, which is exactly close to the density of diesel (0.83g/ml). The Flash Point of the neem oil biodiesel produced was 153.60C which above the ASTM D6751 minimum standards for biodiesel fuel of 130oC. Furthermore, Neem oil biodiesel has a pour point of -40C and a cloud point of 20C. These values clearly indicate that the use of neem oil methyl esters in colder regions is limited. However, this value is also indicative of the high potential of this fuel as biodiesel particularly in Northern Nigeria where temperature is always above 20oC, a temperature at which the oil is fluid.

scholarly journals Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Neem Seed Oil using Sulfated Zirconia and ZnO by two step Tranesterification

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
C. Muhammad ◽  
A.U. Muhammad ◽  
B.U. Bagudo ◽  
M. Mukhtar ◽  
A.B. Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfated Zirconia ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Neem Seed Oil

Removal of free fatty acid in Azadirachta indica (Neem) seed oil using phosphoric acid modified mordenite for biodiesel production

2010 ◽  
Vol 101 (15) ◽  
pp. 5897-5902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasanthakumar SathyaSelvabala ◽  
Thiruvengadaravi Kadathur Varathachary ◽  
Dinesh Kirupha Selvaraj ◽  
Vijayalakshmi Ponnusamy ◽  
Sivanesan Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Neem Seed Oil

scholarly journals Insecticidal activity of neem oil against Gyropsylla spegazziniana (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) nymphs on Paraguay tea seedlings

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 951-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Formentini ◽  
L. F. A. Alves ◽  
M. E. Schapovaloff
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Synthetic Insecticide ◽  
Systemic Activity ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Neem Seed Oil ◽  
Tea Plants

Abstract Gyropsylla spegazziniana (Paraguay tea ampul) is one of the most important pests of Paraguay tea plants, and prohibition of synthetic insecticide use for control of this pest has led to the search for alternative methods. This laboratory study aimed to compare different control strategies for G. spegazziniana, utilizing a commercial neem seed oil product. Paraguay tea seedlings were treated with neem oil solution both pre- and post-infestation with 5th instar nymphs. The systemic action of neem oil was also evaluated by treating plant soil with the neem oil solution, followed by transfer of the insects to plants 24 h post-treatment. Spray treatments were effective against the pest, especially post-infestation (80% mortality), demonstrating the potential of neem oil for control of the Paraguay tea ampul. No significant effects were observed with respect to systemic activity.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE VARIATION ON THE PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL USING NEEM OIL

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 442-450
Author(s):  
Mujidatu Ahmed Lira ◽  
Musa Idris Atadash
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Neem Seed Oil ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
Astm D6751

Biodiesel was produced from neem seed oil via a two-step process of esterification and transesterififcation reactions. The transesterification was carried out using CH3ONa as catalyst with ethanol as the alcohol. The reaction temperature was varied between 30, 40, 50, 60, and 700C, while all other process parameters were kept constant. From the results obtained, a significant change in biodiesel yield (73-79%) from 30-50oC temperatures was observed. At a temperature of 60oC, a good yield of 94% was obtained which was observed at a temperature below the boiling point of the alcohol used. At 70oC biodiesel yield of 67% was obtained; this indicates a drop in biodiesel yield. Further flash point of 149.60C indicated that the biodiesel produced is within the specification of ASTM D6751. Also, the high value of flash point indicated that the fuel is safe for handling as it exceeds the minimun ASTM requirement (130min). It is worthy to mention that other properties such as viscosity, pour point and cloud point etc investigated also presented good values which were within ASTM D6751. The formation of biodiesel was confirmed by FT-IR analysis. The conversion of the ester functional group into methyl esters in biodiesel verified the success of the reaction.

scholarly journals Comparing Neem Seed Oil with Calcium Chloride and Fungicides for Controlling Postharvest Apple Decay

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 719-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold E. Moline ◽  
James C. Locke
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Blue Mold ◽  
Aqueous Emulsion ◽  
Bitter Rot ◽  
Neem Seed Oil

The antifungal properties of a hydrophobic neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) seed extract (clarified neem oil) were tested against three postharvest apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) pathogens—Botrytis cinerea (pers.) ex Fr. (gray mold), Penicillium expansum Thom. (blue mold rot), and Glomerella cingulata (Ston.) Spauld. & Schrenk. (bitter rot). The antifungal activity of neem seed oil also was compared to that of CaCl2. A 2% aqueous emulsion of the clarified neem seed oil was moderately fungicidal to B. cinerea and G. cingulata in inoculated fruit, but bad little activity against P. expansum. Ethylene production was reduced 80% in fruit dipped in 2% neem seed oil compared to wounded, inoculated controls. Neem seed oil was as effective an antifungal agent as CaCl2, but the effects of the two combined were not additive.

scholarly journals Bioactivity of Neem Seed Oil mixed with Pyroligneous Acid from Rice Husks against Spodoptera litura

2021 ◽  
Vol 913 (1) ◽  
pp. 012075
Author(s):  
A H Prianto ◽  
Budiawan ◽  
Y Yulizar ◽  
P Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Antifeedant Activity ◽  
Pyroligneous Acid ◽  
Digital Microscope ◽  
Neem Seed Oil ◽  
Polyphagous Insect

Abstract Biopesticides are environmentally friendly solutions used for pest control management. This is a feature of Neem (Azadirachta indica) seed oil and tar, which provides a synergistic effect on the bioactivity of pyroligneous acid, and both are known to have bioactive compounds. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of neem seed oil and tar on pyroligneous acid from rice husks in conventional emulsion form, and their efficacy on the polyphagous insect Spodoptera litura. Neem seed oil was added at concentrations of 10, 20, 30, and 40%, while the concentration of tar was 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0%. The conventional emulsion formed was then characterized using a digital microscope. The addition of neem seed oil and tar were able to increase the antifeedant activity of pyroligneous acid by 63.6 % while both neem oil and tar by 72.6 %. The 2.0% tar formulation (N4PT2) showed the highest antifeedant activity against S.litura (97.9 %) and had the smallest droplets size ranges (2.90 - 24.16 µm). The addition of tar tends to reduce the droplet size of neem oil and increase antifeedant activity.

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