scholarly journals The Response of Seed Germination and Seedling Growth Of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) CV CALINA to The Concentration Treatments and The Duration of Seed Soaked In Coconut Water

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus - Zainudin ◽  
Almas Adlina Adini
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This research aimed to carry out the response of seed germination and seedling growth of Calina papaya to the seed soaked in coconut water. It was conducted from April to June 2017. The study comprised two designs of experiment i.e. the Completely Randomized Design for the seed germination and the Randomized Complete Block Design for the seedling growth of papaya. There were 25 treatment combinations obtained and each treatment was replicated three times. The treatment factors comprised the concentration and the duration of seed soaked in coconut water. The results showed that the seed immersion in the 80% concentration of coconut water for 8 hours had the highest growth rate and vigour index. Meanwhile, the seed immersion in the 60% concentration of coconut water for 8 hours showed the highest percentage of germination. The seed immersion for eight hours resulted in the seedling growth of papaya.

Relative Efficiency of the Randomized Complete Block Design

1976 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Abou-el-Fittouh
Keyword(s):  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Anova Table ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

SUMMARYThe efficiency of the randomized complete block design, relative to the completely randomized design, is linearly expressed as: Relative efficiency=A+CF, where A and C are constants determined by the number of treatments (t) and blocks (b) and F=calculated F value for blocks in the ANOVA table. For values of t and b ranging from 2 to 10 the constants A and C are estimated. Curves of relative efficiency are given when o≤F≤10 for t values ranging from 2 to 10 when b=4, 6 and 8.

scholarly journals Application of Young Coconut Water and “Kascing” Fertilizer to Red Palm Seed Germination

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Fatimatuz Zuhro ◽  
Hasni Ummul Hasanah ◽  
Sukadi Sukadi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Redpalm isornamentplantwhichpotentiallytobecultured.Thescarcityofredpalmmadeithashighmarket value and need to be preserved. However, the germination growth of red palm is slower than other kinds of palm, so the best way to germinate the red palm seed is needed. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of apliccation some young coconut water concentration and kascing fertilizer to red palm seed germination. The research used factorial completely randomized design with 5 replication, the first factor is young coconut water concentration (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) and the second factor is germination media (steril sand and kascing fertilizer). Variables measured were live germination percentage, speed germination rate, radicula length, and plumula height. Results of this study showed that the best germination media is steril sand and 0% concentration of young coconut water.

scholarly journals Germination and Seed Vigour of Indigenous Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris) Genotype in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Anupam Uprety ◽  
Bhishma Raj Dahal ◽  
Bishal Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
True Leaf ◽  
Leaf Emergence ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Bean is an important vegetable crop of Nepal but farmers of Jumla district of Nepal are experiencing low productivity, probably due to poor germination. Keeping these points in view, a study was conducted to determine the germination and seed vigour of various indigenous beans genotype of Jumla district during February to March, 2018. The promising lines of Jumli beans namely KBL-3, KBL-2, PB0002, PB0001, KBL-1 and farm saved KBL-3 were used under study. The experiment was laid in completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications and six treatments namely T1 = KBL-3, T2 = KBL-2, T3 = PB0002, T4 = PB0001, T5 = KBL-1 and T6 = Farm-saved KBL-3. Significant differences were observed in germination percentage, speed of germination, seed vigourindex and true leaf emergence among different lines of Jumli beans .The highest germination percentage (96%), seed vigour index (1367) and speed of germination (1.763) was found in the variety of KBL-3 whereas the lowest germination percentage (69%), seed vigour index (947) and speed of germination (0.968) were found in the variety of KBL-1. Days to true leaf emergence was found shortest in the KBL-3 (23.50) and longest in the farm saved KBL-3 (30.25). KBL-3 pureline of Jumli bean was found to be highly responsive to seed germination and vigour characteristics. Thus, it would be better to suggest the indigenous bean growing farmers of Jumla district to cultivate KBL-3 for better germination and seed vigour. SAARC J. Agri., 18(2): 67-75 (2020)

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perendaman Air Kelapa Dan Rootone F Terhadap Pertumbuhan Stek Tanaman Nilam (Pogstemon cablin, Benth)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Irwanto Irwanto ◽  
Rustam Baraq Noor ◽  
Abdul Rofik
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Real Effect ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Pogostemon Cablin ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This study aims to determine the growth rate of patchouli (Pogostemon cablin, Benth) with f rotoone administration and coconut water. The research was conducted on land peraktek Polytechnic State Agricultural Samarinda time for 2 months starting from the month of June to August 2016. The research design used was completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 6 replications. treatment is a0 = control, a1 = Immersion Coconut Water with a concentration of 50% pure coconut water, a2 = Immersion Coconut Water with a concentration of 100% pure coconut water, a3 = Immersion Rootone F with a concentration of 50 grams, a4 = basting mixture Coconut Water 50% with a mixture of 50 grams Rootone F, basting mixture a5 = 100% Coconut Water with a mixture Rootone F 50 grams. Results of analysis of variance showed that the Effects of Immersion Water Oil And Rootone F on Growth Cuttings Plant Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin, Benth) a very significant effect on the number of shoots 2 weeks after planting, plant height 2 WAP, 6 WAP, stem diameter 2 WAP, 4 WAP, 6 WAP and 8 WAP. real effect on the number of parameters shoots 4 WAP, 6 WAP, 8 WAP, plant height 4 and 8 WAP.  

scholarly journals Silicon Reduces the Incidence of Venturia oleaginea (Castagne) Rossman & Crous in Potted Olive Plants

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 1962-1966
Author(s):  
Kelly Nascimento-Silva ◽  
Luis Roca-Castillo ◽  
María Benlloch-González ◽  
Ricardo Fernández-Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Disease Index ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Olive Leaf ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Abundant Element

Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element in the Earth’s crust. It is a nonessential element for plant growth, but it is considered beneficial because it can prevent biotic and abiotic stresses. Because nothing is known about the effects of Si in the olive, two experiments were performed with young plants of ‘Arbequina’ and ‘Picual’ cultivars to evaluate the effect of continuous Si applications on the incidence of olive leaf spot, the main foliar disease affecting this crop. Plants were grown in pots containing a mixture of washed sand and peat. In the first experiment, Si was foliar sprayed (foliar treatment) or applied to the soil through irrigation water (soil treatment) at the concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5, and 10 or 0, 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg·L−1, respectively. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design for each cultivar. In the second experiment, the experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement, consisting of two forms of Si application (foliar vs. soil) and four concentrations (0, 5, 10, or 20 mg·L−1). Leaf Si concentration significantly increased with the amount of Si applied. After 5 months of treatments, plants were inoculated with a conidial suspension of the pathogen, and the disease index (DSI) was calculated. Shoot growth only increased in ‘Picual’ after Si application. The DSI showed a significant reduction in both cultivars treated with Si when compared with control plants, although differences between cultivars were observed.

scholarly journals RESPON EMPAT KELAPA HIBRIDA HARAPAN TERHADAP PENYAKIT BUSUK PUCUK DAN GUGUR BUAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
A. A. LOLONG ◽  
E. T. TENDA ◽  
J. C. ALOUW
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Field Observation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phytophthora Palmivora ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Laboratory Trial ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Very High

<p><strong>Response of four new coconut hybrids to bud rot and premature nutfull diseases</strong></p><p>The objective of Ihe experiment was to find out Ihe resistance of four new coconut hybrids GRA x DMT. GKB x DMT, GKN x DTE. GKB x DTE against bud rol and premature nutfall diseases due lo Phytophthora palmivora. The field observation on bud rot was conducted in coconut trial plots at Kima Atas experimental garden. Minahasa District, North Sulawesi Province for 4 years (1995-1998). The field trial was arranged in a randomized block design with 6 treatments (4 coconut hybrids. 2 control) and 60 replicates The experiment under laboratory condilion was conducted to know the artificial infection development of P palmivora on coconut nut The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments (4 coconut hybrids, 2 control) and 10 replicates. The result of the field observation showed that percentage of coconut infection by bud rot per cultivar were PB-121 (23.33%) as the highest and then followed by GKN x DTE (8.33%), KHINA-1 (5.0%) and GKB x DMT (3.33%) while cultivars of GKB x DTE and GRA x DMT unlil 4 years observation were not infected by bud rot In laboratory trial, Ihe growth rate of pathogen was very high on KHINA-1 (12.62 mm2/day). The growth rate of pathogen in GKB x DIE and GRA x DMT were slowest (8 9 mm'/day) while those in PB- 121, GKN x Dll and GKB x DMT were moderate (9-10.2 mm2/day).</p>

scholarly journals Influence of Priming Duration on the Performance of Amaranths (Amaranthus cruentusL.) in Sokoto Semiarid Zone of Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukhtar Musa ◽  
Ajit Singh ◽  
Aminu Aliyu Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

Two field trials were conducted during the 2012 cropping season at the Fruits and Vegetable Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Crop Science, Usman Danfodiyo University, Sokoto (located on latitude14∘N-15∘N and longitude4∘-5∘), to evaluate the effect of priming duration on the growth and yield of amaranth. Treatments consisted of four priming durations (2, 4, 6, and 8 hours) and control (where no priming was applied). The treatments were laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) replicated three times for the germination test and randomized complete block design (RCBD) for the field trial. Data were collected on days to 50% germination, percentage germination, days to 50% emergence, and percentage emergence. Results revealed significant effect of priming duration on days to 50% germination, percentage germination, and days to 50% emergence. Soaking seeds for 2 hours reduced the number of days to 50% germination and emergence and also recorded higher germination. Thus, from the findings of this study, it could be concluded that priming amaranth seeds for 2 hours could be applied to enhance amaranth production.

Pertumbuhan Dan Perkembangan Anggrek Dendrobium anosmum Pada Media Kultur In Vitro Dengan Beberapa Konsentrasi Air Kelapa

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tuhuteru ◽  
Meity L Hehanussa ◽  
Simon H.T Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Dendrobium anosmum is one of natural orchids in Indonesia. Optimization of medium composition for orchid propagation through in vitro culture is necessary to enhance propagule multiplication capabilities and quality. This study was aimed to study the influence of concentration of coconut water in culture medium on in vitro growth and development of D. anosmum orchid species and to determine the optimal coconut water concentration in culture media.  The experiment were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and eight replications. The treatments consisted of the addition of coconut water with concentrations: 0 ml•l -1 (control), 50 ml•l-1, 100 ml•l-1 and 150 ml•l-1. The results showed that addition of coconut water in culture medium gave different effect on shoot growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids.  Coconut water concentration of 100 ml•l-1 was the best concentration for growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids, based on both shoots and roots growth, plantlet height and wet weight.

Subsitusi Fitohormon Dengan Air Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) pada Medium Vacin and Went Terhadap Pertumbuhan Eksplan Anggrek Dendrobium sp Secara in Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wulan Dari Neng Gumiwang ◽  
Tintrim Rahayu ◽  
Ari Hayati
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

The purpose of this research is to determine the concentration of young coconut water that is appropriate for the growth of orchid plantlets (Dendrobium sp.) In vitro. This study used an experimental method, descriptive data analysis to compare several different concentrations of coconut water. The design of this study uses a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments consist of 0% coconut water concentration (as a control), 15%, 30% and 60%. Each concentration was carried out 5 replications and each repetition consisted of 5 Dendrobium sp plantlets in each culture bottle conducted for 40 HST, for observing the root length carried out for 50 HST. The highest number of shoots and leaves were produced at the same concentration, namely 150 ml / L coconut water treatment (15% concentration) with an average of 2.8 shoots and the average number of leaves 10.8 leaves. The average number of roots and the longest root length was produced at a concentration of 600 ml / L coconut water (60% concentration) with an average of 6 roots, and the longest root length was 0.5 cm.Keywords: Young coconut water, (Cocos nucifera L.), Dendrobium sp., in vitro, growth.ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini ialah menentukan konsentrasi air kelapa muda yang tepat untuk pertumbuhan planlet anggrek (Dendrobium sp.) secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen, analisis data secara deskriptif untuk membandingan beberapa konsentrasi air kelapa yang berbeda. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Perlakukan terdiri dari konsentrasi air kelapa 0 % (sebagai kontrol), 15% , 30% dan 60%. Masing-masing konsentrasi dilakukan 5 kali ulangan dan setiap ulangan terdiri dari 5 planlet Dendrobium sp dalam setiap botol kultur yang dilakukan selama 40 HST, untuk pengamatan panjang akar dilakukan selama 50 HST. Jumlah tunas dan jumlah daun terbanyak dihasilkan pada konsentrasi yang sama, yaitu perlakuan air kelapa 150 ml/L (konsentrasi 15%)  dengan rata-rata jumlah tunas terbanyak 2,8 tunas dan rata-rata jumlah daun terbanyak 10,8 helai daun. Rata-rata jumlah akar terbanyak dan panjang akar terpanjang dihasilkan pada konsentrasi air kelapa 600 ml/L (Konsentrasi 60%) dengan rata-rata jumlah akar terbanyak sebanyak 6 akar, dan rata-rata panjang akar terpanjang 0,5 cm.Kata kunci : Air kelapa Muda (Cocos nucifera L.), Dendrobium sp., in vitro, pertumbuhan 

scholarly journals Growth and yield of teak stands at different spacing

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1109-1118
Author(s):  
Reginaldo Antonio Medeiros ◽  
Haroldo Nogueira de Paiva ◽  
Flávio Siqueira D’Ávila ◽  
Helio Garcia Leite
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Total Tree

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and yield of teak (Tectona grandis) stands at different spacing and in different soil classes. Twelve spacing were evaluated in an Inceptisol and Oxisol, in plots with an area of 1,505 or 1,548 m2, arranged in a completely randomized design with nine replicates. The teak trees were measured at 26, 42, 50, and 78 months of age. Total tree height was less affected by spacing. Mean square diameter was greater in wider spacing, whereas basal area and total volume with bark were greater in closer spacing. An increase in volume with bark per tree was observed with the increase of useful area per plant. For teak trees, growth stagnation happens earlier, the growth rate is higher in closer spacing, and the plants grow more in the Inceptisol than in the Oxisol.

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