scholarly journals School District Contributions to Students' Math and Language Achievement

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Handford ◽  
Kenneth Leithwood
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
School Level ◽  
Language Test ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
District Leaders ◽  
Achievement Data

Conducted in British Columbia, this mixed-methods study tested the effects of nine district characteristics on student achievement, explored conditions that mediate the effects of such characteristics, and contributed to understandings about the role school-level leaders play in district efforts to improve achievement. Semistructured interview data from 37 school administrators provided qualitative data. Quantitative data were provided by the responses of 998 school and district leaders’ in 21 districts to two surveys. Student achievement data were district-level results of elementary and secondary student provincial math and language test scores. All nine district characteristics contributed significantly to student achievement. Three conditions served as especially powerful mediators of such district effects. The same conditions, as well as others, acted as significant mediators of school-level leader effects on achievement. This is among the few large-scale mixed-methods studies identifying characteristics of districts explaining variation in student achievement.

scholarly journals Relationships Between Instructional Coaches’ Time Use and District- and School-Level Policies and Expectations

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 1718-1768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britnie Delinger Kane ◽  
Brooks Rosenquist
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Instructional Coaching ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
School Level ◽  
Urban School District ◽  
District Leaders ◽  
Whole School Reform ◽  
Instructional Coaches ◽  
District Policy ◽  
Whole School

Whole-school reform models frequently include instructional coaching, yet instructional coaches typically spend relatively little time working with teachers on instruction. Using survey and interview data from district leaders, school administrators, and instructional coaches in one urban school district, this mixed-methods analysis asks how district- and school-level policies and expectations were related to coaches’ time use. Coaches accountable to district leaders spent more time working with teachers on instruction than their school-hired counterparts, who devoted more time to administrative and teaching duties. However, all coaches had limited opportunities to work with teachers in ongoing ways. Also, as district accountability systems became more robust, all coaches engaged in more administrative work. Implications for school and district policy are discussed.

scholarly journals Stakeholders’ Consensus on Strategies for Self- and Other-Regulation of Video Game Play: A Mixed Methods Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3846
Author(s):  
Michelle Colder Carras ◽  
Matthew Carras ◽  
Alain B. Labrique
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Game Play ◽  
Video Game Play ◽  
Game Mechanics

Background: Little is known about strategies or mechanics to improve self-regulation of video game play that could be developed into novel interventions. This study used a participatory approach with the gaming community to uncover insider knowledge about techniques to promote healthy play and prevent gaming disorder. Methods: We used a pragmatic approach to conduct a convergent-design mixed-methods study with participants attending a science fiction and education convention. Six participants answered questions about gaming engagement and self- or game-based regulation of gaming which were then categorized into pre-determined (a priori) themes by the presenters during the presentation. The categorized themes and examples from participant responses were presented back to participants for review and discussion. Seven participants ranked their top choices of themes for each question. The rankings were analyzed using a nonparametric approach to show consensus around specific themes. Results: Participants suggested several novel potential targets for preventive interventions including specific types of social (e.g., play with others in a group) or self-regulation processes (e.g., set timers or alarms). Suggestions for game mechanics that could help included clear break points and short missions, but loot boxes were not mentioned. Conclusions: Our consensus development approach produced many specific suggestions that could be implemented by game developers or tested as public health interventions, such as encouraging breaks through game mechanics, alarms or other limit setting; encouraging group gaming; and discussing and supporting setting appropriate time or activity goals around gaming (e.g., three quests, one hour). As some suggestions here have not been addressed previously as potential interventions, this suggests the importance of including gamers as stakeholders in research on the prevention of gaming disorder and the promotion of healthy gaming. A large-scale, online approach using these methods with multiple stakeholder groups could make effective use of players’ in-depth knowledge and help speed discovery and translation of possible preventive interventions into practice and policy.

scholarly journals Linking Instruction and Student Achievement. A research design for a new generation of classroom studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsti Klette ◽  
Marte Blikstad-Balas ◽  
Astrid Roe
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Classroom Practices ◽  
Instructional Quality ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Achievement Data

AbstractEducational research into instructional quality would benefit from macro- and meso-level instructional data – such as achievement data or large-scale student surveys – in relation to data from the micro level – such as detailed analyses of classroom practices. Several scholars have specifically asked for studies that correlate achievement data with records of learning processes and teaching strategies, and ongoing projects attempting to do so have shown promising results. Linking different data sources on instructional quality is quite demanding because it requires a concerted effort by researchers from different fields of expertise and different traditions. A main ambition of our ongoing research project is precisely to advance such integration. As the title of the project reveals, we are dedicated to Linking Instruction and Student Achievement (LISA). In this article, we start by providing a theoretical background and status of knowledge related to instructional quality. We go on to argue that video data has shown particular promise in studies aiming to obtain systematic data from a range of classrooms in order to compare classroom practices. We then present the three components of the LISA project’s design – student perception surveys, systematic classroom observation, and achievement gains in national tests – and the value of combining these three data sources. Finally, we will outline some of our findings thus far and point to future research possibilities.Key words: instructional quality; classroom practices; video studies; mathematics; language arts Å koble undervisning med elevprestasjoner - Forskningsdesign for en ny generasjon klasseromsstudierSammendragFor å studere undervisningskvalitet vil det være en fordel å kombinere data fra et makro og meso- nivå  med detaljerte studier av hva som skjer i klasserommet. Flere har etterlyst studier som ser på sammenhenger mellom målbar faglig fremgang og lærerens undervisning. Å få til slike studier er krevende, da det forutsetter et tett samarbeid mellom forskere fra ulike felt med ulik ekspertise innenfor nokså ulike forskningstradisjoner. En hovedambisjon i vårt pågående forskningsprosjekt er nettopp å få til en slik integrasjon. Som tittelen avslører, er vi dedikert til «Linking Instruction and Student Achievement (LISA)». I denne artikkelen presenterer vi det teoretiske og empiriske grunnlaget knyttet til undervisningskvalitet. Videre argumenterer vi for verdien av videodata i studier som sammenligner undervisningspraksiser fra ulike klasserom på en systematisk måte. Deretter presenterer vi de tre datakildene i LISA-prosjektets forskningsdesign – spørreskjemaer til elever om deres oppfatninger om lærerens undervisning, systematiske klasseromsobservasjoner, og målt fremgang på nasjonale prøver i lesing og regning. Verdien av å kombinere nettopp disse tre datakildene vil også bli diskutert. Avslutningsvis deler vi noen av våre tidlige forskningsfunn.Nøkkelord: undervisningskvalitet; klasseromspraksis; video studier; matematikk; norskfaget

scholarly journals INTERPRETING LARGE SCALE NATIONAL LEVEL ASSESSMENT DATA IN MATHEMATICS BY USING RASCH ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
Pāvels Pestovs ◽  
Dace Namsone
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
General Education ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
National Level ◽  
School Level ◽  
Minimum Level ◽  
Assessment Data ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Improve Student Achievement ◽  
The Impact

Latvia is undergoing a nation-wide curriculum reform in general education, with an aim to help students to develop 21st century skills. In order to successfully implement reform, not only teacher performance in the classroom is important, but also the transformation of the school culture is of high priority. One of the key dimensions that is characteristic for a school as learning organization culture is whether it has data-driven culture and is using data on continuous basis to improve student achievement. Large scale national level assessment data is used for many different purposes, however, this data only rarely is recognised as useful data source for planning actions to improve student achievement at school level. Authors argue that in different grades average performance of students cannot be compared in a meaningful way to develop action plan and evaluate the impact of the initiatives at the school level. It is based on the issues rising from varying difficulty level of the tests and different skills, which are being assessed. The study design is based on in-depth analysis of items of large-scale national level assessment in mathematics, defining minimum level of competency of mathematics and calculating percentage of students in school with minimum level of competence in a cohort. This analysis is conveyed for the students of 3rd, 6th and 9th grade by using Rasch model, thus allowing to effectively monitor the student performance during the general education and use of data to make informed decisions.  

Never Enough Time: Mixed Methods Study Identifies Drivers of Temporal Demand That Contribute to Burnout Among Physicians Who Care for Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. OP.20.00754
Author(s):  
Lindsay J. Blazin ◽  
Michael A. Terao ◽  
Holly Spraker-Perlman ◽  
Justin N. Baker ◽  
Valerie McLaughlin Crabtree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Oncology Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pediatric Hematology

PURPOSE: Burnout is a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment because of chronic occupational stress. Approximately one third of pediatric hematology-oncology physicians experience burnout. The goal of this mixed methods study was to determine the prevalence and drivers of burnout among physicians caring for pediatric hematology-oncology patients at our institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This mixed methods, cross-sectional study was conducted at a large academic cancer center. Validated survey instruments were used to measure burnout, job demands, experience with patient safety events, and workplace culture. Quantitative data informed development of a semistructured interview guide, and physicians were randomly selected to participate in individual interviews. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed via content analysis based on a priori codes. RESULTS: The survey was distributed to 132 physicians, and 53 complete responses were received (response rate 40%). Of the 53 respondents, 15 (28%) met criteria for burnout. Experiencing burnout was associated with increased temporal demand. Twenty-six interviews were conducted. Qualitative themes revealed that frequent meetings, insufficient support staff, and workflow interruptions were key drivers of temporal demand and that temporal demand contributed to burnout through emotional exhaustion and reduced personal accomplishment. CONCLUSION: Nearly one-third of participating physicians met criteria for burnout, and burnout was associated with increased temporal demand. Qualitative interviews identified specific drivers of temporal demand and burnout, which can be targeted for intervention. This methodology can be easily adapted for broad use and may represent an effective strategy for identifying and mitigating institution-specific drivers of burnout.

scholarly journals Clinical decision-making at the end of life: a mixed-methods study

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e26-e26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Taylor ◽  
Miriam J Johnson ◽  
Dawn Wendy Dowding
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
The North

ObjectivesTo improve the ability of clinical staff to recognise end of life in hospital inpatients dying as a result of cancer and heart failure, and to generate new hypotheses for further research.MethodsThis mixed-methods study used decision theory as a theoretical basis. It involved a parallel databases-convergent design, incorporating findings from previously published research, with equal priority to study groups and synthesis by triangulation. The individual arms were (1) a retrospective cohort study of 102 patients with cancer and 81 patients with heart failure in an acute trust in the North of England, and(2) a semistructured interview study of 19 healthcare professionals caring for the same patient groups.ResultsThe synthesis of findings demonstrated areas of agreement, partial agreement, silence and dissonance when comparing the cohort findings with the interview findings. Trajectories of change are identified as associated with poor prognosis in both approaches, but based on different parameters. Management of patients has a significant impact on decision-making. The decision process requires repeated, iterative assessments and may benefit from a multidisciplinary approach. Uncertainty is a defining characteristic of the overall process, and objective parameters only have a limited role in predicting end of life.ConclusionsThe role of uncertainty is important as a trigger for discussions and a defined stage in a patient’s illness journey. This is consistent with current approaches to recognising irreversible deterioration in those with serious illness. This study contributes ongoing evidence that these concepts are vital for decision-making.

Multilevel analysis of the relationship between school-level variables and student achievement

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 762-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Ikbal Oldac ◽  
Yasar Kondakci
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Teacher Collaboration ◽  
Academic Optimism ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
School Level ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Achievement Data ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between student achievement and a set of school-level variables, including distributed leadership, academic optimism, teacher collaboration and enabling school structure. The study was designed as correlational research. A Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) analysis was conducted with a data set collected from 23,053 students and 426 teachers from 40 randomly selected public schools in Turkey. The data were collected using previously developed scales and student achievement data from the Ministry of National Education. HLM results revealed that two dimensions of academic optimism – namely collective efficacy and trust in clients – and hindering bureaucracy significantly predicted between-school differences in student achievement. The tested HLM model explained 60% of the variation in student achievement across schools. The results revealed that student achievement is shaped by school-level variables that are tied to the structural and functional characteristics of schools in Turkey. However, these school characteristics are rooted in the societal structures and cultural characteristics of the country. Hence, it is concluded that a reinterpretation of common school-level variables used to predict student achievement in the contexts of different countries is necessary.

scholarly journals Corruption and the impact of law enforcement: insights from a mixed-methods study in Malawi

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-336
Author(s):  
Gerhard Anders ◽  
Fidelis E. Kanyongolo ◽  
Brigitte Seim
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Challenging Environment ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scholarly Attention

ABSTRACTThe article argues that the impact of law enforcement efforts against corruption deserves more scholarly attention. Drawing on a mixed-methods study from Malawi in southern Africa, where a large-scale law enforcement operation has been investigating and prosecuting those involved in a 2013 corruption scandal known as ‘Cashgate’, the article explores the potential for corruption deterrence from the perspective of government officials in the Malawi civil service. Malawi provides a challenging environment for deterrence due to limited state capacity, weak law enforcement agencies and widespread corruption. Nonetheless, the research findings show that Malawian government officials perceive prosecutions and convictions to deter corruption, both with regards to the law enforcement response to Cashgate specifically and law enforcement efforts in general. The findings from Malawi suggest that law enforcement and criminal justice have the potential to make an important contribution to anti-corruption strategies in Africa and the Global South at large.

scholarly journals MANAJEMEN KESISWAAN DALAM PENINGKATAN PRESTASI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-214
Author(s):  
Dwi Asih ◽  
Enung Hasanah
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
School Level ◽  
School Students ◽  
Educational Management ◽  
Science Olympiad ◽  
Achievement Data ◽  
Student Management

This article aims to: find out the big role of student management in improving elementary school student achievement, the importance of student management on the achievement of elementary school students. This research is a literature review that seeks to explore and restructure various related concepts from the results of previously available writing. We conducted this study by analyzing the essence of various papers on effective student management in building student achievement. Based on the results of the literature review, it is known that the role of student management in improving student achievement is seen in terms of the role of the teacher is very important, from planning to graduation or alumni, the role of student management in improving learning achievement is the involvement of regulatory efforts towards students from the time the student enters school to them. After graduating from the results of an activity that has been carried out by students, student management includes a role as one of the substances of educational management, so student management occupies a strategic position, because the central service of education, both in the setting of schooling institutions and those outside school institutions, is focused on students. School management which has an important role in the continuity of school development is student management starting from the input, process, and output of students. Student management plays a role in managing input, which is how schools and madrasah view new student admissions. The results of the discussion show that student management has a positive and significant effect on learning discipline in realizing student achievement, it can be seen from the student achievement data of the National Science Olympiad (OSN), the National Student Arts Festival and Competition (FLS2N) and the National Student Sports Olympiad (O2SN) in Wonogiri Regency Elementary School level in 2017, 2018,2019. Wonogiri Regency has actively participated in competitions in the academic and non-academic fields of students which are contested in stages. Some of the achievements have been made at the district, provincial and national levels and even have reached the international level. Educational management greatly affects the efforts to organize new students well, so that there is no overlap and time wastage in the student management process in the classroom.

A Mixed-Methods Study of Adolescents’ Motivation to Read

2017 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-48
Author(s):  
Margaret Troyer
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Reading Achievement ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Reading Motivation ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Motivation To Read ◽  
Achievement Data ◽  
Public Charter Schools ◽  
Survey Results

Background Research has shown that reading motivation is correlated with achievement. Studying motivation in older students is particularly important as reading motivation declines over the course of elementary and middle school. However, current research largely fails to reflect the nuance and complexity of reading motivation, or its variation within and across contexts. Purpose This mixed-methods study investigates whether distinct reading motivation/achievement profiles exist for adolescents and what key levers foster adolescents’ motivation to read. This approach was designed to produce more generalizable results than isolated case studies, while providing a more nuanced picture than survey research alone. Research Design Seventh graders (n = 68) at two diverse public charter schools serving low-income students were surveyed regarding reading motivation and attitude. A cluster analysis of survey results and reading achievement data was conducted. One student per cluster was selected from each school for additional qualitative analysis (n = 8), and students and teachers (n = 2) were observed and interviewed. In addition, cross-case and cross-school analyses were conducted to determine key levers which may promote students’ motivation to read. Conclusions This study suggests that four distinct reading achievement/motivation profiles may exist. In addition, teachers have substantial influence on adolescents’ motivation to read. Teachers could benefit from gathering more information about students’ reading motivation and from promoting feelings of autonomy, competence, and relatedness.

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