FACILITATORS OF ROMANTIC ATTRACTION AND THEIR RELATION TO LOVESTYLE

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Partner Choice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Expectations ◽  
Romantic Attraction ◽  
Internal States ◽  
External Conditions

A questionnaire was developed based on findings in experimental studies and from clinical speculation that various internal states and/or external conditions facilitate romantic attraction. 305 subjects responded to thirty items which were submitted to a principal components factor analysis and four factors emerged accounting for 50.5% of the variance. The four facilitators are distress, identity enhancement, aging and social pressures, and sexual desire. The internal consistency of the four scales were .82, .78, .80 and .86 respectively. As predicted, experience of intensification of any of the facilitators was found to be significantly related to lovestyle. Subjects experiencing an intensification of distress report more agapic interactions, those experiencing an intensification of identity enhancement report more mania, those experiencing an intensification of aging fears and social expectations report a more pragmatic lovestyle and subjects experiencing an intensification of sexual desire report less friendship interactions and more erotic lovestyle than those not experiencing an intensification on the respective facilitator. Future research might employ the facilitators of romantic relationships to account for partner choice and satisfaction.

Self-concept clarity as a predictor of self-disclosure in romantic relationships

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1873-1891
Author(s):  
Maryam Tajmirriyahi ◽  
William Ickes
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Multiple Regression Models

Several studies have examined the role of self-esteem in self-disclosure while overlooking a potentially important confounding variable: self-concept clarity. Across three studies, we found an association between self-concept clarity and self-disclosure to one’s romantic partner. This incremental effect held even when the variance attributable to self-esteem was statistically controlled in a multiple regression analysis. Moreover, in two of the three studies, self-esteem was no longer a significant predictor of self-disclosure after controlling for the variance in self-concept clarity. These data suggest that self-concept clarity is an important predictor of self-disclosure—one that is conceptually and empirically distinct from self-esteem. That self-concept clarity tended to supplant self-esteem in the multiple regression models suggests that disclosing the specific aspects of the self that one clearly perceives (one’s attributes, goals, motives, values, etc.) might be more essential to everyday self-disclosure than disclosing only whether one has a globally positive or negative self-view. Future research should explore the causal relationships involved with the aid of experimental studies.

Celebrity Worship Among University Students in Malaysia

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viren Swami ◽  
Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic ◽  
Khairul Mastor ◽  
Fatin Hazwani Siran ◽  
Mohammad Mohsein Mohammad Said ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The West ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Movie Stars ◽  
Three Factor

The present study examined conceptual issues surrounding celebrity worship in a Malay-speaking population. In total, 512 Malay and 269 Chinese participants from Malaysia indicated who their favorite celebrity was and completed the Celebrity Attitude Scale (CAS) as well as a range of demographic items. Results showed that the majority of Malay and Chinese participants selected pop stars and movie stars as their favourite celebrities, mirroring findings in Western settings. In addition, exploratory factor analysis revealed a three-factor solution of the CAS that was consistent with previous studies conducted in the West. Structural equation modeling further revealed that participant’s age was negatively associated with celebrity worship and that self-rated attractiveness was positively associated with celebrity worship. Overall, the present results suggest that celebrity worship in Malaysia may be driven by market and media forces, and future research may well be guided by use of the CAS.

RECLAMATION AND CULVERT CROSSINGS MADE OF CORRUGATED PIPES ON SPAWNING STREAMS

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
O.N. CHERNYKH ◽  
◽  
A.V. RBURLACHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fish Passage ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Natural Reproduction ◽  
Spiral Shape ◽  
Corrugated Metal ◽  
Spawning Streams

Recommendations are presented for solving issues that arise in the design and operation of tubular transport crossings of corrugated metal structures through spawning streams while ensuring the safety and natural reproduction of fish stocks. There are discussed the results of experimental studies of culverts made of metal corrugated pipes with a normal and spiral shape of corrugation the bottom of which is buried and filled with suitable granular material to the level of the natural channel of a small watercourse. It is established that when 10% of the area of the corrugated pipe is occupied by stone filling, its throughput is reduced by about 10-12%. Based on the review of the existing literature and the results of laboratory experiments, data is provided to estimate the values of the roughness coefficients of the composite cross-section of a single-point junction and directions for future research on culvert reclamation are outlined. Studying of the structure of the velocity distribution in culverts can lead to the improved conditions for fish passage without installing special structural elements in the transit path of the fish passage structure.

Amruthapala (Decalepis arayalpathra (J. Joseph and V. Chandras.) Venter): A Comprehensive Review on Diversity, Therapeutic Uses, and Valorization of Bioactive Constituents

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 376-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonali Mishra ◽  
Nupur Srivastava ◽  
Velusamy Sundaresan ◽  
Karuna Shanker
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
Decalepis Arayalpathra

Background: Decalepis arayalpathra (J. Joseph and V. Chandras.) Venter is used primarily for nutrition besides its therapeutic values. Traditional preparations/formulations from its tuber are used as a vitalizer and blood purifier drink. The folklore medicinal uses cover inflammation, cough, wound healing, antipyretic, and digestive system management. A comprehensive review of the current understanding of the plant is required due to emerging concerns over its safety and efficacy. Objective: The systematic collection of the authentic information from different sources with the critical discussion is summarised in order to address various issues related to botanical identity, therapeutic medicine, nutritional usage, phytochemical, and pharmacological potentials of the D. arayalpathra. Current use of traditional systems of medicine can be used to expand future research opportunities. Materials and Methods: Available scripted information was collected manually, from peered review research papers and international databases viz. Science Direct, Google Scholar, SciFinder, Scopus, etc. The unpublished resources which were not available in database were collected through the classical books of ‘Ayurveda’ and ‘Siddha’ published in regional languages. The information from books, Ph.D. and MSc dissertations, conference papers and government reports were also collected. We thoroughly screened the scripted information of classical books, titles, abstracts, reports, and full-texts of the journals to establish the reliability of the content. Results: Tuber bearing vanilla like signature flavor is due to the presence of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (HMB). Among five other species, Decalepis arayalpathra (DA) has come under the ‘critically endangered’ category, due to over-exploitation for traditional, therapeutic and cool drink use. The experimental studies proved that it possesses gastro-protective, anti-tumor, and antiinflammatory activities. Some efforts were also made to develop better therapeutics by logical modifications in 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzaldehyde, which is a major secondary metabolite of D. arayalpathra. ‘Amruthapala’ offers the enormous opportunity to develop herbal drink with health benefits like gastro-protective, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. Results: The plant has the potential to generate the investigational new lead (IND) based on its major secondary metabolite i.e. 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzaldehyde. The present mini-review summarizes the current knowledge on Decalepis arayalpathra, covering its phytochemical diversity, biological potentials, strategies for its conservation, and intellectual property rights (IPR) status. Chemical Compounds: 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (Pubchem CID: 69600), α-amyrin acetate (Pubchem CID: 293754), Magnificol (Pubchem CID: 44575983), β-sitosterol (Pubchem CID: 222284), 3-hydroxy-p-anisaldehyde (Pubchem CID: 12127), Naringenin (Pubchem CID: 932), Kaempferol (Pubchem CID: 5280863), Aromadendrin (Pubchem CID: 122850), 3-methoxy-1,2-cyclopentanedione (Pubchem CID: 61209), p-anisaldehyde (Pubchem CID: 31244), Menthyl acetate (Pubchem CID: 27867), Benzaldehyde (Pubchem CID: 240), p-cymene (Pubchem CID: 7463), Salicylaldehyde (Pubchem CID: 6998), 10-epi-γ-eudesmol (Pubchem CID: 6430754), α -amyrin (Pubchem CID: 225688), 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzaldehyde (Pubchem CID: 12127).

scholarly journals Local Anesthetics and Recurrence after Cancer Surgery-What’s New? A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Sarah D. Müller ◽  
Jonathan S. H. Ziegler ◽  
Tobias Piegeler
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Cancer Surgery ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inflammatory Stress ◽  
Research Activities

The perioperative use of regional anesthesia and local anesthetics is part of almost every anesthesiologist’s daily clinical practice. Retrospective analyses and results from experimental studies pointed towards a potential beneficial effect of the local anesthetics regarding outcome—i.e., overall and/or recurrence-free survival—in patients undergoing cancer surgery. The perioperative period, where the anesthesiologist is responsible for the patients, might be crucial for the further course of the disease, as circulating tumor cells (shed from the primary tumor into the patient’s bloodstream) might form new micro-metastases independent of complete tumor removal. Due to their strong anti-inflammatory properties, local anesthetics might have a certain impact on these circulating tumor cells, either via direct or indirect measures, for example via blunting the inflammatory stress response as induced by the surgical stimulus. This narrative review highlights the foundation of these principles, features recent experimental and clinical data and provides an outlook regarding current and potential future research activities.

scholarly journals An evaluation of the factor structure of the Self-Assessed Wisdom Scale (SAWS) and the creation of the SAWS-15 as a short measure for personal wisdom

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Trilas M. Leeman ◽  
Bob G. Knight ◽  
Erich C. Fein ◽  
Sonya Winterbotham ◽  
Jeffrey Dean Webster
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personal Wisdom ◽  
Age Range

ABSTRACT Objectives: Although wisdom is a desirable life span developmental goal, researchers have often lacked brief and reliable construct measures. We examined whether an abbreviated set of items could be empirically derived from the popular 40-item five-factor Self-Assessed Wisdom Scale (SAWS). Design: Survey data from 709 respondents were randomly split into two and analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Setting: The survey was conducted online in Australia. Participants: The total sample consisted of 709 participants (M age = 35.67 years; age range = 15–92 years) of whom 22% were male, and 78% female. Measurement: The study analyzed the 40-item SAWS. Results: Sample 1 showed the traditional five-factor structure for the 40-item SAWS did not fit the data. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on Sample 2 offered an alternative model based on a 15-item, five-factor solution with the latent variables Reminiscence/Reflection, Humor, Emotional Regulation, Experience, and Openness. This model, which replicates the factor structure of the original 40-item SAWS with a short form of 15 items, was then confirmed on Sample 1 using a CFA that produced acceptable fit and measurement invariance across age groups. Conclusions: We suggest the abbreviated SAWS-15 can be useful as a measure of individual differences in wisdom, and we highlight areas for future research.

scholarly journals Opportunistic Large Array Propagation Models: A Comprehensive Survey

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4206
Author(s):  
Farhan Nawaz ◽  
Hemant Kumar ◽  
Syed Ali Hassan ◽  
Haejoon Jung
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cooperative Transmission ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Large Array ◽  
Propagation Models ◽  
Comprehensive Survey

Enabled by the fifth-generation (5G) and beyond 5G communications, large-scale deployments of Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks are expected in various application fields to handle massive machine-type communication (mMTC) services. Device-to-device (D2D) communications can be an effective solution in massive IoT networks to overcome the inherent hardware limitations of small devices. In such D2D scenarios, given that a receiver can benefit from the signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) advantage through diversity and array gains, cooperative transmission (CT) can be employed, so that multiple IoT nodes can create a virtual antenna array. In particular, Opportunistic Large Array (OLA), which is one type of CT technique, is known to provide fast, energy-efficient, and reliable broadcasting and unicasting without prior coordination, which can be exploited in future mMTC applications. However, OLA-based protocol design and operation are subject to network models to characterize the propagation behavior and evaluate the performance. Further, it has been shown through some experimental studies that the most widely-used model in prior studies on OLA is not accurate for networks with networks with low node density. Therefore, stochastic models using quasi-stationary Markov chain are introduced, which are more complex but more exact to estimate the key performance metrics of the OLA transmissions in practice. Considering the fact that such propagation models should be selected carefully depending on system parameters such as network topology and channel environments, we provide a comprehensive survey on the analytical models and framework of the OLA propagation in the literature, which is not available in the existing survey papers on OLA protocols. In addition, we introduce energy-efficient OLA techniques, which are of paramount importance in energy-limited IoT networks. Furthermore, we discuss future research directions to combine OLA with emerging technologies.

scholarly journals A systematic review of the latent structure of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) amongst adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna M. Blodgett ◽  
Chantelle C. Lachance ◽  
Brendon Stubbs ◽  
Melissa Co ◽  
Yu-Tzu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
English Language ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Latent Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Primary Analysis ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Background The Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a commonly used psychometric scale of depression. A four-factor structure (depressed affect, positive affect, somatic symptoms, and interpersonal difficulties) was initially identified in an American sample aged 18 to 65. Despite emerging evidence, a latent structure has not been established in adolescents. This review aimed to investigate the factor structure of the CES-D in adolescents. Methods We searched Web of Science, PsychINFO and Scopus and included peer-reviewed, original studies assessing the factor structure of the 20-item CES-D in adolescents aged ≤18. Two independent researchers screened results and extracted data. Results Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were primarily from school-based samples in the USA or Asia. Studies that conducted confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; n = 9) reported a four-factor structure consistent with the original factor structure; these studies were primarily USA-based. Conversely, studies that conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA) reported distinct two or three factor structures (n = 4) and were primarily based in Asia. Limitations Studies in a non-English language and those that included individuals aged > 18 years were excluded. Ethnic or cultural differences as well as different analytical methods impacted generalisability of results. The use of CFA as the primary analysis may have biased towards a four-factor structure. Conclusions A four-factor CES-D structure was an appropriate fit for adolescents in Western countries; further research is required to determine the fit in in Asian countries. This has important implications for clinical use of the scale. Future research should consider how cultural differences shape the experience of depression in adolescents.

scholarly journals Pedagogical Triage and Emergent Strategies: A Management Educational Program in Pandemic Times

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3519
Author(s):  
Paola Adinolfi ◽  
Fernando Giancotti
Keyword(s):  
Change Management ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Project Work ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Management Competencies ◽  
Educational Approach ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
The University ◽  
Defense Studies ◽  
Leadership And Change

This paper explores the post-pandemic strategic reorientation of a master in leadership and change management, investigating the conditions for its success and the side effects. The Master, which is part of the Defense Education Enhancement Plan recently approved by the Italian Ministry of Defense, led in partnership by the Center for High Defense Studies and the University of Salerno, aims at developing strategic leadership and change management competencies. The virtualization of the project work sessions that was caused by the pandemic emergency produced unexpected consequences that led the master directors to refocus the program as regards its format and method. The case-study, based on direct observation, unstructured interviews, and analysis of written documents and recorded audio, corroborates the literature regarding the emerging innovative, learner-centered approaches in management education, showing the effectiveness of an integrated educational approach based on traditional in-presence lectures, as well as experiential and project-based learning. It shows how the adjustments devised to cope with the consequences of teamwork virtualization proved to be synergistic, delivering positive outcomes in terms of participants’ satisfaction, learning, and impact. Future research avenues and practical implications are also highlighted, with a focus on the internal and external conditions for successful project-based learning in a distance learning environment.

Enriching the Construct of Workplace Spirituality with Insights from Indian Philosophy and its Empirical Validation in Indian Context

2021 ◽  
pp. 227797522110161
Author(s):  
Anadi Saran Pande ◽  
Neerja Pande
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Indian Philosophy ◽  
Workplace Spirituality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Empirical Validation ◽  
Indian Context

The purpose of this paper is to proffer an enrichment of the workplace spirituality (WS) construct using tenets of Indian philosophy, and to select and execute an instrument for empirical validation of the construct to assess its cross-regional universality. The literature review was undertaken and the most accepted construct and its accompanying instrument, both developed by Ashmos and Duchon, were identified. The chosen construct was then evaluated and critiqued by leveraging tenets of Samkhya, Yoga and Vedanta, the three most influential Indian philosophies. Subsequently, a survey was conducted on Indian managers working across various industries and regions in India. Factor analysis resulted in validation of cross-geographical universality of the WS construct. However, participants’ responses throw up factors with distinctively contrasting difference vis-à-vis the previous study. A plausible explanation built on the essence of Indian philosophy is attempted, and opportunities for future research are identified.

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