Antimicrobial activity of Plectranthus amboinicus solvent extracts against Human Pathogenic Bacteria and Fungi

Plectranthus amboinicus or locally known as bangun-bangun, is an indigenous vegetable which can be freshly eaten. However, the plant is unpopular among local people and being neglected. It has been reported to be traditionally used for medicine to cure common illnesses such as cough, stomachache, headache and skin infection. Based on the potential, a study was conducted to bioprospect the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil. Plectranthus amboinicus essential oil of methanol and chloroform extract was tested against nine bacteria and four fungi i.e., Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella flexneri, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecal, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus. The methanol extract of Plectranthus amboinicus showed the maximum antibacterial activity against the bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae and fungi Candida albicans. The antimicrobial activity of Plectranthus amboinicus was more at 100 mg/ml concentration when compared to 50 mg/ml concentration. Comparatively, the Methanol extract of Plectranthus amboinicus exhibited maximum antimicrobial activity when compared to Chloroform extract. The Plectranthus amboinicus has showed good antimicrobial activity against most of the bacteria and only one fungal yeast Candida albicans. No zone of inhibition was recorded against other fungal isolates like Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus and Negative DMSO control. Keywords: Plectranthus amboinicus, Bacteria, Fungi, Antimicrobial activity and Well diffusion assay.

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PRESENTATION PATTERN AND FUNGAL AGENTS SPECTRUM CAUSING OTOMMYCOSIS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v11i1.24368 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 408

Author(s):

Kassim Dekhil

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽

Influencing Factors ◽

Aspergillus Flavus ◽

Species Distribution ◽

Alternaria Alternata ◽

Otitis Externa ◽

Fungal Species ◽

The Public

Objective: This study was aimed to identify the public pattern of presentation, influencing factors, and sort the fungal species, distribution of sex of patients with otomycosis.Results: The predominant complaints were pruritus and found in 76 patients (88.73%), discomfort and pain found in 62 patients (72.09%), aural fullness in 48 patients (55.81%), tinnitus in 34 patients (39.53%), hearing impairment in 50 cases (58.31%), ear discharge in 22 patients (25.58%), and most of the symptoms seen in 36 patients (68.14%). The results showed a total of eight fungal species belong to six different genera, namely, Aspergillus, Candida, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Alternaria, and Cephalosporium were isolated during this study. Among identified fungi, Aspergillus niger was found to be the most prevalent fungal species with 35.71% followed by Candida albicans (27.55%), Aspergillus flavus (10.20%), Aspergillus fumigatus (8.16), Penicillium digitatum (6.12%) and Cephalosporium species (4.08%), and Rhizopus species (5.1%), while Alternaria alternata had the lowest percentage (6.54%).Conclusion: Otomycosis/mycotic otitis externa is still a common problem and there is a rise in the occurrence of otomycosis in latest years, especially in tropical and subtropical humid climates.

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PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST CLINICAL PATHOGEN OF MEDICINALLY IMPORTANT ORCHID CALANTHE MASUCA (D.DON) LINDL

10.36106/6900271 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 5-8

Author(s):

V. Nandagopalan ◽

D. Kavitha

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Petroleum Ether ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Petroleum Ether Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Ether Extract ◽

Wide Range

Calanthe masuca (D.Done) Lindl is a potential medicinal plant of terrestrial orchids. Tribal peoples were used the plants for therapeutic purpose. The present study was to evaluate the phytochemical analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Calanthe masuca in leaf extracts. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed that the presence of bioactive substance in leaf extract was found that Alkaloids, Flavanoids, Phenol, Tannins, Saponins, Steroids, Terpenoids, Carboxcylic acid, Glycoside and Mucilage. Antimicrobial activity by Agar well diffusion method again six pathogenic microbes such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, E.coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in bacteria, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans in fungi by using different solvent such as Aqueous, Methanol and Petroleum ether. It was observered that Methanol extract showed highest activity against the pathogen such as S.aureus (13.5 mm), B.subtilis (12.4 mm), E.coli (12.5 mm) and P.aeruginosa (13.0 mm) and then followed by the Aqueous extract and low activity showed in petroleum ether extract. The methanol extract showed signicant Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger (14.0mm) and Candida albicans (13.0 mm) with higher concentration and Petroleum ether extract showed lower activity in fungi. The capacity of the crude concentrates of Calanthe masuca to suppress the development of microorganism which means that it has a wide range of antimicrobial potential utilized for various cures.

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In vitro antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of Cassia auriculata Linn

International Current Pharmaceutical Journal ◽

10.3329/icpj.v2i6.14869 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (6) ◽

pp. 105-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Devados Kumarasamy Raja ◽

Nattanmai Sundararaman Jeganathan ◽

Rajappan Manavalan

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Chloroform Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Cassia Auriculata

This study was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of aerial parts of chloroform extract of Cassia auriculata L. The chloroform extract of C. auriculata were shown to possess an antimicrobial activity against two gram positive and two gram negative human pathogenic bacteria and fungi, viz. Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and fungus cultures Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger by using disc diffusion method. The extract showed antibacterial activity at all concentrations selected, but only the extract with the concentration of 300µg/ml showed maximum antibacterial activity against all the organisms except Pseudomonas aeruginosa which are comparable with the standard control, amikacin. The anti fungal activity of chloroform extract of C. auriculata revealed significant effect against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger with the net inhibition zone of 14 and 14 mm, respectively at 300µg/ml concentration, which is almost comparable with standard control, ketokonazole used as an antifungal agent. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, fixed oils, fats, tannins, gum & mucilage, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, lignin and sterols. It is concluded that the antimicrobial activity showed by the plant was due to the presence of these phytochemicals. Further studies are highly needed for future drug development.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v2i6.14869 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, May 2013, 2(6): 105-108

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PRESENTATION PATTERN AND FUNGAL AGENTS SPECTRUM CAUSING OTOMMYCOSIS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i1.24368 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 408

Author(s):

Kassim Dekhil

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽

Influencing Factors ◽

Aspergillus Flavus ◽

Species Distribution ◽

Alternaria Alternata ◽

Otitis Externa ◽

Fungal Species ◽

The Public

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In vitro Evaluation of the Antimicrobial activity of Methanolic and Aqueous extract of Mucuna pruriens seed

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology ◽

10.52711/0974-360x.2021.00730 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 4212-4214

Author(s):

Amita Shobha Rao ◽

Shobha K L ◽

Preethi Lavina Concessao ◽

Gowrish Rao S ◽

Sreedhara R Pai K

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Mucuna Pruriens ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Clinical Strains

The present investigation was to find out efficacy of Mucuna pruriens (M. pruriens) seeds. The antimicrobial activity of methanol and aqueous extract of M. pruriens seeds was determined by well diffusion method with ATCC strains of gram positive and gram negative bacteria clinical strains of multidrug resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae, and clinical strains of Candida albicans. It was observed that both the aqueous and the methanol extract of M. pruriens seeds had antibacterial activity against all the ATCC bacterial strains. The MDR strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae was resistant to both aqueous and methanol extract of M. pruriens seed. Antifungal activity against Candida albicans was exhibited by both aqueous and methanol extracts of M. pruriens seed.

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Uses the Disinfectants against fungi isolated from the homes

The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.30539/iraqijvm.v35i1.620 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 167-173

Author(s):

Rusol Muhammedi Al Bahran

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Frequency Ratio ◽

Sensitivity Test ◽

Common Genus

The study included 100 samples collected from different locations of the homes were located in the area of Ali Saleh in Baghdad 6 species were isolated from fungi and the most common genus or species of fungi isolated were Aspergillus fumigatus by frequency ratio of 25.84%, and occurrence ratio of 23%, Penicilium by frequency ratio of 21.34%, and occurrence ratio of 19%, Mucor by frequency ratio 20.22%, and the occurrence ratio of 18%, Candida albicans by frequency ratio of 15.73%, the occurrence ratio of 14%, Rhizopus frequency ratio by 13.48%, the occurrence ratio of 12% and Aspergillus niger frequency ratio by 3.37% and the occurrence ratio of 3%. Then the sensitivity test of disinfectants were studied against fungi isolated by using three disinfectants Chloroxylenol known commercially by (Dettol), Chlorhexidine commercially known by (Hibitane) and Sodium hypochlorite commercially known by (Bleach), and a study for the effected of three concentrations of each disinfectant (5, 2.5, 1.25)%, and the use of statistical analysis (ANOVA) to contrast the differences and Dnken test to the variation in any disinfectant or the most efficient concentrations of other disinfectants were observed that concentrations of 5% was the most efficient of concentrations than (2.5%) and (1.25%). As the disinfectant Dettol was significantly the most efficient from Bleach and Hibitane.

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عزل وتعريف واختبار كفاءة بعض الفطريات في تحلل الهيدروكربون من التربة الملوثة بالنفط

Scientific Journal of Applied Sciences of Sabratha University ◽

10.47891/sabujas.v3i1.78-90 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 78-90

Author(s):

سعاد محمد خليفة أبوالغيث ◽

أحلام القمودي محمد زعيط

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽

Aspergillus Nidulans ◽

Aspergillus Flavus ◽

Malt Extract Agar ◽

Malt Extract ◽

Extract Agar

استهدفت هذه الدراسة عزل بعض أنواع الفطريات من التربة الملوثة بالهيدروكربون بمصفاة الزاوية لتكرير النفط، حيث تم عزل وتعريف بعض الفطريات مثل Rhizopus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus nidulans وأوضحت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن تواجد وتنوع فطر Aspergillus قد تفوق معنويا مقارنة بتواجد وتنوع فطرRhizopus. كما تم في هذه الدراسة اختبار قدرة وكفاءة الفطريات المعزولة على النمو واستغلال المركبات الهيدروكربونية المتمثلة في زيت الحمادة وزيت الشرارة بتركيز 1% و3%، حيث أوضحت النتائج بأن جنس Rhizopus سجل أعلى معدل للنمو على الوسط الغذائي Malt Extract Agar، وسجل كلا من فطر A. fumigatus وفطر A. flavus معدّل النمو القطري أعلى معنويا من النمو القطري لفطرA. niger وفطر A. nidulans. هذه المعدّلات العالية تدل على إمكانية استخدام الفطريات المعزولة في المعالجة البيولوجية للتربة الملوّثة بالنفط.

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Chemical Composition and Preliminary Antimicrobial Activity of the Hydroxylated Sesquiterpenes in the Essential Oil from Piper barbatum Kunth Leaves

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9020211 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 211 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Paco Noriega ◽

José Ballesteros ◽

Alejandra De la Cruz ◽

Tatiana Veloz

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Forest Ecosystem ◽

Raw Materials ◽

The Andes ◽

Ancestral Knowledge ◽

Antifungal Potential

This study evaluates the antimicrobial and antifungal potential of the essential oil extracted from a species located in the Andes of Ecuador, Piper barbatum Kunth, known as “cordoncillo” or “allupa”, used by the Quichua people as an antibacterial plant for washing female genitalia in cases of infection. The most abundant molecules in the essential oil were: α- phellandrene (43.16%), limonene (7.04%); some oxygenated sesquiterpenes such as: trans-sesquisabinene hydrate (8.23%), elemol (7.21%) and others. The evaluation of antimicrobial activity showed activity in all the strains analyzed; however, those in which MIC values are considered to be very strong (less than 500 µg/mL) are: Staphylococcus aureus 264 µg/mL, Streptococcus mutans 132 µg/mL, Candida albicans 132 µg/mL and Candida tropicalis 264 µg/mL. Antimicrobial bioautography defines which molecules are responsible for the activity; thus, it was possible to establish the chromatographic regions of = 0.02 and Rf = 0.04, as those with active molecules. It was established that 4 hydroxylated sesquiterpene molecules are involved: elemol (7.21%), trans-sesquisabinene hydrate (8.23%), β–eudesmol (3.49%) and 10-epi-γ-eudesmol (1.07%); the last two being the most active. The aim of this manuscript is to analyze both the ancestral knowledge of the Quichua people of Ecuador, and the chemical-biodiversity of the Andean forest ecosystem, in order to provide new raw materials of pharmaceutical interest.

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In vitro Antimicrobial Properties and Chemical Composition of Santolina chamaecyparissus Essential Oil from Algeria

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1200700735 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Samah Djeddi ◽

Khadidja Djebile ◽

Ghania Hadjbourega ◽

Zoubida Achour ◽

Catherine Argyropoulou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Aerial Parts

The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the aerial parts of Santolina chamaecyparissus L., growing in Algeria, was investigated by GC-MS analyses. A total of 36 compounds were identified, accounting for 91.7% of the essential oil obtained. Camphor (31.1%) and cubenol (17.0%) were the predominant compounds. The potential of the antimicrobial activity was also investigated and the tested sample proved to be very active against Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida albicans (34.1 ± 0.02 mm and 35.0 ± 0.01 mm, respectively). Transverse sections of the leaf and stem of the plant suggest that the essential oil is localized in endogenous and exogenous sites.

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Screening of antimicrobial activity of essential oil and methanol extract of Satureja hortensis on foodborne bacteria and fungi

Czech Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.17221/753-cjfs ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 25 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 81-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

A. Adiguzel ◽

H. Ozer ◽

H. Kilic ◽

B. Cetin

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Satureja Hortensis ◽

Bacteria And Fungi

The present work reports the in vitro antimicrobial activities of the essential oil and methanol extract from Satureja hortensis as well as the content of its essential oil. The chemical composition of hydrodistilled essential oil of Satureja hortensis was analysed by means of GC-MS. Thirty constituents were identified. The main constituents of the oil were thymol (40.54%), γ-terpinene (18.56%), carvacrol (13.98%), and p-cymene (8.97). The essential oil of Satureja hortensis exhibited the activity against 25 bacteria, 8 fungi, and a yeast, C. albicans; exerting the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration values (MIC) ranging from 15.62 to 250 µl/ml. Similarly, methanol extract of the plant also showed antimicrobial activity.

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