scholarly journals Nutrient resorption efficiency of cocoa plantson lowl and of Alluvial plain

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-44
Author(s):  
Rudy Erwiyono ◽  
A. Adi Prawoto ◽  
A.S. Murdiyati
Keyword(s):  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Alluvial Plain ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Green Colour ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Nutrient Resorption Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Retranslocation ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Observation on nutrient retranslocation of cocoa plants has been carried out in Kaliwining Experimental Station, Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI) in Jember in order to assess its efficiency to have better understanding on the loss of nutrients through cocoa litterfall relatively intensive during dry season, better utilization of the plant litters, and further more efficient plant management. Nutrient retranslocation assessment has been conducted for macro nutrients in terms of N, P, and K that have been observed on four clones of cocoa planted in 2004, that are KW 163, KW 162, KKM 22, and KW 165 in the plot with Tectona grandis shading trees and plot with Cassia surithensis shading trees, with five replicates. The plots of observation overlaid on Alluvial plain 45 m asl. and D type rainfall. The results showed that nutrient contents in senescence leaves with yellow colour and then falling significantly lower than those of mature leaves with green colour adjacent to it. Reductions of N, P, and K contents during leaf senescence occured significantly on KW 163, KW 162, and KKM 22 clones, whereas on KW 165 clone significant reduction only happened to phosphorus. Mature leaves of cocoa with green colour contained average nitrogen, phosphorus, and kalium at 13.0, 1.6, and 13.5 mg/g- respectively. Whereas senescing leaves with yellow colour then defoliating contained average nitrogen, phosphorus, and kalium at 9.5, 0.9, and 10.0 mg/g, respectively. This reduction of nutrient contents was caused by nutrient retranslocation mechanism of the plants. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and kalium retranslocated by cocoa plants in rainy season are as much as 3.60, 0.70, and 3.39 mg/g, or 27%, 42%, and 24%, respectively. In other words nutrient retranslocation efficiency of cocoa plants for N, P, and K is in the following order: P>N>K. Among the clones, KKM 22 clone retranslocated P and K most efficiently; whereas for N, KW 162 clone retranslocated it most efficiently. As such, cocoa leaf litters still contained N, P, and K nutrients as much as 73%, 58%, and 76%, they are good sources for nutrients beside as organic matter. Key words: Nutrient retranslocation, nitrogen, phosphorus, kalium, cocoa, clone.

scholarly journals Diagnostic leaf to evaluate the nutritional status of Jatropha

Revista CERES ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Hissao Kurihara ◽  
Cesar José da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Analytical Determination ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Experimental Plots

ABSTRACT The analytical determination of nutrient levels in recently mature leaves in order to diagnose nutritional status is based on the fact that leaves are metabolically active and more sensitive to variation in nutrients of the soil. In most of cases, there is a direct well known between foliar content and the development and yield of the plant. However, for a more accurate interpretation, it is essential to establish the index leaf. There are few published studies about Jatropha with contrasting results. In order to establish the index leaf, in adult plants, the macronutrient levels were evaluated in samples collected in experimental plots, in which doses of nitrogen and phosphorus were applied, in two parts of the floral branches (in the top and in the middle thirds); and in three positions of leaves of the floral branch (between the 1st and 3rd, 6th and 8th, and 13th and 15th leaves below the inflorescence). The location of the leaf on the plant significantly affects nutrient contents. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur tend to have higher concentration in young tissues. Calcium and magnesium showed higher levels in the basal leaves of floral branches. Samples collected in the top third of plants (between the 6th and 15th leaves of the floral branch) are more sensitive to variations of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization. Therefore, we indicate the 6th to 15th leaves of the top third plants as index leaves estimate nutritional status of Jatropha.

scholarly journals Supplementary note on the constitution of chlorophyll

1883 ◽  
Vol 36 (228-231) ◽  
pp. 285-286
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Disulphide ◽  
Alcoholic Solution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Green Product ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Fatty Matter ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Green Colour ◽  
Dark Green

After the reading of the note on chlorophyll at the meeting of the society on December 13th, I was reminded by Professor Stokes that e and others had succeeded in separating the complex to which the erm chlorophyll had previously been applied into two substances, or ather groups of substances, one characterised by its green colour and ed fluorescence, the other showing a more distinctly yellow colour without fluorescence, and he suggested to me that it would be advisable to ascertain whether the property of yielding glucose by decomposition with acids might not belong to one of these substances or groups of substances only. Professor Stokes at the same time kindly communicated to me the details of the process whereby he succeeded n effecting the separation referred to, a process depending on the action of carbon disulphide in' removing some of the bodies contained n an alcoholic solution of crude chlorophyll in preference to others. The process employed for the same purpose by Mr. Sorby is essentially the same. Before applying disulphide of carbon to an alcoholic extract of green leaves according to the process of Professor Stokes, it was necessary first to remove the ready-formed glucose, tannin, and other matters soluble in water, which almost always exist in such extracts, and which would by their presence have rendered the result of the experiment quite uncertain. This was done in the way I have already described. An ethereal solution of chlorophyll prepared by my method was evaporated, and the residue having been dissolved in alcohol, the solution was mixed with a quantity of carbon disulphide larger than the alcohol would dissolve, and the mixture well shaken. The carbon disulphide acquired a dark green colour, while the supernatant alcoholic liquid, containing principally the xanthophyll of Professor Stokes and Mr. Sorby, was yellow with a tinge of green. The two liquids having been separated, the lower dark green one was washed several times with alcohol to remove any of the xanthophyll that might still be present, and having then been mixed with a large quantity of alcohol, a current of air was passed through it to remove the excess of carbon disulphide as directed by Professor Stokes. In this way I obtained two liquids, one intensely green, the other deep yellow with only a tinge of green. The two liquids were found to contain substances essentially different so far as regards their products of decomposition with acids. The yellow liquid having been mixed with dilute sulphuric acid was evaporated in the waterbath, water being added during evaporation, until the liquid had lost nearly all its colour. A quantity of yellow fatty matter separated during evaporation, and this having been filtered off the liquid was found to contain an abundance of glucose. The yellow fatty matter insoluble in water, dissolved easily in alcohol, but the yellow solutio showed none of the characteristic absorption bands of “acid chloro phyll.” The dark green liquid, treated in exactly the same way yielded a dark green product insoluble in water. The filtrate Iron this gave a slight reaction with Fehling’s solution, but so trifling comparatively that I am inclined to attribute it to the presence o some substance not completely removed from the disulphide of carboi solution by washing with alcohol. The dark green product of tin action of acid insoluble in water was soluble, though with difficultyin boiling alcohol, the solution being dull green and showing the absorption bands due to “acid chlorophyll.” If, therefore, chloro phyll be defined as the constituent of the green parts of plants, which gives a spectrum showing the well-known bands at the red end, and yields by decomposition with acids the product or products going by the name of “acid chlorophyll,” of which Fremy’s phyllocyanin is the most important and most characteristic, then chlorophyll is not a glucoside. The glucoside which accompanies it and resembles it as regards solubility in various menstrua may have to be sought among the group of bodies to which the generic name of xanthophyll has been applied.

scholarly journals Effect of black point disease on quality of wheat grain

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK Malaker ◽  
IH Mian ◽  
KA Bhuiyan ◽  
MMA Reza ◽  
MA Mannan
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different levels of black point infection caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana and other fungal pathogens on some quality characters of wheat grain. Wheat grains were graded on a 0-5 scale based on levels of black point infection. Quality characters of grain viz., protein, fat, dry matter, ash and mineral contents under different grades were determined following standard methods. The dry matter and ash contents of grain decreased while the contents of protein and fat increased with the increasing severity of black point infection. The observations on macro and micro nutrient contents of grain indicated that the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, and boron increased, whereas the contents of potassium, iron, zinc, copper and sodium decreased with the increase of black point infection. However, the reductions in copper content of black point affected grains under different grades of infection were not significant as compared to apparently healthy grains. Key Words: Black point; Bipolaris sorokiniana; grain quality; wheat. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i2.5789Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(2) : 181-187, June 2009

Nutrient and biomass removals from a red spruce – balsam fir whole-tree harvest

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. Smith Jr. ◽  
M. L. McCormack Jr. ◽  
J. W. Hornbeck ◽  
C. W. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Glacial Till ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Nutrient Pools ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Evaluation Approaches ◽  
Nutrient Reserves ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Whole Tree

A mechanized whole-tree harvest was conducted on a watershed in central Maine dominated by Picearubens Sarg. and Abiesbalsamea (L.) Mill. The harvest removal and redistribution of biomass, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and potassium were estimated and evaluated with respect to estimates of site nutrient reserves. Regression equations were developed to estimate the nutrient contents and ovendry weight of the aboveground components of the Picearubens and Abiesbalsamea. Unit area estimates of nutrient and biomass removals were based on the application of the regression equations to a tally of all trees on twelve 0.04-ha square plots. Unit area estimates were made of exchangeable and total nutrients contained in the forest floor and glacial till above a hardpan. The harvest removed 90% of the biomass, 91 % of the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and calcium, and 90% of the magnesium in the above-stump portions of the forest. These removals were from two to four times the amount of nutrients that would have been removed by a bole-only harvest, while increasing biomass removals by 1.4 times. The nutrients removed by the harvest were between 0.1 and 5% of the total soil reserves. Nutrient removals are evaluated in the context of three commonly used evaluation approaches: static comparisons of nutrient pools, nutrient input–output budgets, and computer simulation.

scholarly journals Uji Stabilitas Pigmen Merah Antosianin Dari Daun Jati Muda (Tectona grandis Linn f) terhadap pH sebagai Pewarna Alami

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Surianti Surianti ◽  
Halimah Husain ◽  
Sulfikar Sulfikar
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Young Leaf ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Red Pigment ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
The Stability

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksplorasi yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kestabilan pigmen merah antosianin dari daun jati muda (Tectona grandis Linn f) terhadap pH. Daun jati muda diperoleh dari perkebunan jati Dusun Bera, Desa Laringgi, Kec. Marioriawa Kab.Soppeng. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut asam sitrat 10% dalam aquades (1:5), kestabilannya diuji dengan menggunakan pH 1, 3, 5 dan 7 yang ditinjau secara visual perubahan warna dan spektroskopi UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak pigmen warna antosianin pada pH 1 secara visual berwarna kuning, pH 3 berwarna merah, pH 5 dan pH 7 berwarna oranye. Hasil spektrofotometri menunjukkan λmaks warna oranye yaitu 418,10-461,70 nm. Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, disimpulkan bahwa pigmen merah antosianin dari daun jati muda kemungkinan stabil pada pH 3. Kata kunci: stabilitas antosianin, daun jati, pH ABSTRACT This research was an exploratory research that aimed to determine the stability of the anthocyanin red pigment from young leaf of teak (Tectona grandis Linn f) toward pH. Young teak leaf was obtained from teak garden Dusun Bera, Desa Laringgi, Kec. Marioriawa, Kab. Soppeng. This research used maceration method using 10% citric acid solvent in distilled water (1: 5), its stability was examined using a pH of 1, 3, 5 and 7 which reviewed its colourly change spectroscopy of UV-Vis. The resulted that the red pigment extracts in pH 1 visually yellow colour, pH 3 red, pH 5 and pH 7 orange. The spectrofotometry resulted of orange λmaks colourly. Was 418.10-461.70 nm.Based on research data obtained, concluded that the anthocyanin red pigment from young leaf of teak was maybe stable at pH 3. Keywords: stability of anthocyanin, teak leaf, pH

scholarly journals Chromatic leucism in the flap shell turtle, Lissemys punctata from Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-131
Author(s):  
M.F. Rabbe ◽  
M.M. Alam ◽  
M.F. Jaman ◽  
M.S. Hossain ◽  
K.N.M. Sarafat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Freshwater Wetlands ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Pale Yellow ◽  
Green Colour ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Defence Strategy ◽  
Olive Green ◽  
Commercial Trade

The spotted flap shell turtle, Lissemys punctata (Bonnaterre, 1789) has a distribution in Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan. In Bangladesh, this species is widely distributed throughout the freshwater wetlands and the low-lying floodplains, coastal islands, and hill districts. This species is listed in CITES (Appendix II) and protected by Bangladesh Wildlife Conservation & Security Act 2012 (Schedule II), where commercial trade is strictly prohibited. Lissemys punctata has an oval and domed carapace with olive-green colour spotted by dark yellow blotches. The head is also olive green often with yellow blotches, whereas the plastron is whitish or pale yellow. The colour of this species may vary depending on its habitat and defence strategy. Colour aberration in animals may occur due to a lack of melanin. Golden yellow colour aberration (chromatic leucism) is rare in animals, especially in turtles. This might be because of the absence of melanin in the outer dermis. The presence of high xanthophores and yellow pteridine pigments in the skin are also responsible for the golden yellow colour aberration.

scholarly journals Effect of Organic Manure on Nutrient Contents of Rice Grown in an Arsenic Contaminated Soil

1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
R Ashrafi ◽  
MHR Biswas ◽  
GKM Mustafizur Rahman ◽  
R Khatun ◽  
MR Islam
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

A pot experiment was carried out to study the effects of organic manures on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur concentrations in grain, husk, stem and root of rice grown in an arsenic contaminated soil. Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications was followed where each pot received an equal amount of N, P, K and S to sustain normal plant growth. N, P, K and S concentration in grain, husk, straw and root of rice plant were increased with organic manure application compared to control treatment. This study considered rice husk and root along with grain and straw as they have value to increase soil nutrient by recycling. Arsenic contamination becoming a concerning issue because its contamination in many agricultural soil is increasing following contamination in groundwater. This study concluded that organic manure is effective in arsenic contaminated soil to increase N, P, K and S concentration in rice plant. Key words: Organic manure; Nutrient, Rice plant; Arsenic contaminated soil DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v45i3.6526Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(3), 183-188, 2010

scholarly journals Keragaan Fenotipe Ikan Tambakan (Helostoma temminkii. Cuvier 1829) Hasil Domestikasi (Takhasi)

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Otong Zenal Arifin ◽  
Wahyulia Cahyanti ◽  
Jojo Subagja ◽  
Anang Hari Kristanto
Keyword(s):  
Standard Length ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Female Fish ◽  
Male Fish ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Green Colour ◽  
Freshwater Aquaculture

Ikan tambakan berpotensi dibudidayakan karena memiliki keunggulan seperti kemampuan beradaptasi terhadap perairan dengan kadar oksigen terlarut rendah dan tergolong ikan dengan nilai fekunditas yang tinggi. Penelitian untuk mengetahui keragaan fenotipe ikan tambakan hasil domestikasi telah dilakukan di Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Tawar dan Penyuluhan Perikanan, Bogor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkarakterisasi bentuk morfologi berdasarkan morfometrik, meristik, dan warna yang berguna dalam pengelolaan pembenihan dan budidaya ikan tambakan. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui pengamatan bentuk tubuh dan genitalia ikan jantan dan betina, pengukuran bagian tubuh, penghitungan jumlah dan jenis jari sirip, linea lateralis, warna ikan dan morfometrik. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bentuk tubuh ikan jantan lebih ramping dibanding ikan betina, ikan betina mempunyai rasio panjang standar terhadap tinggi badan sebesar 2,08±0,117; ikan jantan sebesar 2,26±0,095. Rasio panjang standar terhadap lebar badan pada ikan jantan adalah 0,95±0,018 dan ikan betina 1,01±0,025. Nilai koefisien variasi (CV) rerata seluruh karakter tubuh tergolong rendah, dengan nilai 12,2±10,73. Karakter C4 (awal sirip dorsal-akhir sirip anal) merupakan karakter nilai CV paling rendah yaitu 3,2% dan karakter D1 (akhir sirip anal-awal sirip ekor bawah) mempunyai nilai CV tertinggi yaitu 43,8%. Berdasarkan karakter meristik dan warna, tidak terdapat perbedaan antara jantan dan betina. Warna ikan tambakan terdiri atas warna punggung hijau keabuan (TC 613), warna operculum hijau keperakan (TC 613), warna perut perak sampai keabuan (TC 521) dan warna gonad kuning oranye (TC 023).Kissing gouramy has potentially to be cultivated due to the ability to adapt on swampy waters and has high eggs fecundity. Research on phenotype performance of domesticated kissing gouramy was done at the Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture Research and Development, Bogor. The purpose of this study was to characterize morphological forms based on the morphometrics, meristics, and color of domesticated fish that will be useful in the aquaculture management. The data were collected through observation of body shape and genitalia of male and female fish, measurement of body parts, counting the number and the type of fin, linea lateralis, fish color and the morphometric measurement. The obtained results showed that the body shape of the male fish was slender than that of the female fish, the female fish had a ratio of standard length to the height of 2.08 ± 0.117, male fish of 2.26 ± 0.095. The standard length ratio to body width in male fish was 0.95 ± 0.018 and female fish was 1.01 ± 0.025. The mean value of coefficient variation (CV) of the whole body character was low, with value 12,2 ± 10,73. C4 character (beginning of dorsal fin-end of anal fin) was the lowest character of CV value of 3.2% and D1 character (final anal fin-bottom caudal fin) had the highest CV value of 43.8%. Based on the meristic and color character there was no difference between male and female. The dorsal, overculum, ventral part and matured gonad of domesticated kissing gouramy fish had gray-green colour (TC 613), silver-green colour (TC 613), silver-gray to silver colour (TC 521) and orange yellow colour (TC 023) respectively.

scholarly journals Application Of Nitrogen And Boron On Growth And Nutrient Contents Of Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus L.) Grown On Soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marufa Aktar ◽  
AHM Zulfiquar Ali ◽  
MK Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Uptake Of Nutrients ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

A pot experiment was conducted in the net house of the Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka to find out the interactive effects of nitrogen (0, 30, 60 and 120 kg/ha) and boron (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 kg/ha) fertilizers on the growth and nutrient contents of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). The increase in height of okra was significant (p<0.05) due to combined application of nitrogen and boron fertilizers. Maximum height, shoot and root dry matter yield and uptake of nutrients in root and shoot of okra were observed in treatment 30 kg N/ha with 1 kg B/ha (N30Bi). But, higher doses of fertilizer combinations (60 and 120 kg of N/ ha with B) responded differently. Higher doses of fertilizer combinations significantly (p<0.05) reduced shoot and root growth as well as the concentration and uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus potassium in okra. It could be concluded that the treatment combination of 30 kg N/ha with 1 kg B/ha can be used for better growth of okra. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 41(2): 173-181, December 2015

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document