scholarly journals The stature estimation from students’ forearm and hand length in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Ebrahimi ◽  
Soheila Madadi ◽  
Leila Noori ◽  
Shadan Navid ◽  
Melika Darvishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Stature Estimation ◽  
Anthropometric Features ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hand Length ◽  
Forearm Length

Objective: Anthropology is a science discuss about the human anthropometric features. It is used in many aspects such as archeology, rehabilitation, and legal medicine. The purpose of this study was to determine the stature from student’s forearm and hand length in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: For measurements, the forearm and hand length of 160 students were measured. The range of the sample ages were between 18-22 years, selected randomly. In this descriptive and analytical study, the cluster sampling method was used to select the subjects. For anthropometric measurements, we used metal and plastic tape, goniometer, caliper, and scale. The height and length of the forearm and hand were measured separately. Results: The mean ± SD of the stature were 164.435±5.072 cm and 180.446±5.569 cm, in females and males respectively. The mean ± SD of the forearm length were 24.906±1.347 cm and 27.751±1.294 cm, in females and males respectively. The mean ± SD of hand length were 17.356±2.223 cm and 19.418±0.888 cm, in females and males respectively. Besides, there was a correlation between height and forearm length of all cases. Also, this correlation was seen for the stature and hand length. Conclusion: According to our study, forearm and hand length have correlation with the stature, so they can be used as factors for stature estimation.

scholarly journals Investigation of moral intelligence’s predictive components in students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Mohammadi ◽  
Shabnam Mohammadi ◽  
Ali Mehri ◽  
Fatemeh Bagheri Mazraeh
Keyword(s):  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medical And Healthcare

This study aimed to investigate dominant predictor components of moral intelligence (MI) based on the Lennick and Kiel's model in students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU). In this descriptive-analytical study, 322 students of SBMU were chosen through cluster sampling. To collect data, a 40-item questionnaire, whose validity and reliability was confirmed in previous studies, based on the Lennick and Kiel's model was used. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS  21 software using appropriate descriptive and analytical statistics. Of 322 participants, 180 and 142 were female and male, respectively. The mean age of the participants was 22.30±2.69 years. The study’s regression analysis revealed that the most and the least direct effects were related to the forgiveness (R2=0.320) and compassion (R2=0.284) components, respectively. Among the inspected components, the responsibility component with an overall effect of R2=0.655 was shown to be the strongest predictor component of MI. Universities play a significant role in students’ moral development and enhancement. The present study’s findings suggest that developing strategic plans and interventions can enhance MI level (e.g., incentive systems for individuals maintaining high moral responsibility).  Since today’s students will be tomorrow’s medical and healthcare professionals, upgrading of MI level in students studying in various divisions of medical sciences enhances their moral responsibility through setting out strong ethics principles to follow and the quality of care that they will provide to patients, thereby improving health.

A comparison of soil sampling procedures used to monitor soil fertility in permanent pastures

Soil Research ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
DK Friesen ◽  
GJ Blair
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sampling Procedures ◽  
Bray 1

Soil testing programs are often brought in disrepute by unexplained variability in the data. The deposition of dung and urine onto grazed pasture brings about marked variation in the chemical status of soils which contributes to this variability. A study was undertaken to compare a range of sampling procedures to estimate Colwell-P, Bray-1 P, bicarbonate K and pH levels in adjacent low and high P status paddocks. The sampling strategies used consisted of 75 by 50 m grids; whole and stratified paddock zig-zag and cluster (monitor plot) samplings. Soil test means for the various parameters did not vary among sampling methods. The number of grid samples required to estimate within 10% of the mean varied from 121 for Bray-1 P down to 1 for soil pH. Sampling efficiencies were higher for cluster sampling than for whole paddock zig-zag path sampling. Stratification generally did not improve sampling efficiency in these paddocks. Soil test means declined as sampling depth increased, but the coefficient of variation remained constant for Colwell-P and pH. The results indicate that cluster sampling (monitor plots) is the most appropriate procedure for estimating the nutrient status of grazed pastures. This sampling method enables a more accurate measure to be taken of the nutrient status of a paddock and should allow more reasonable estimates to be made of the temporal variations in soil test.

Investigating the relationship between moral sensitivity and attitude towards euthanasia in nursing students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences

2021 ◽  
pp. 147775092110162
Author(s):  
Elnaz Yazdanparast ◽  
Malihe Davoudi ◽  
Seyed Hasan Ghorbani ◽  
Amirhossein Akbarian ◽  
Hadi Ahmadi Chenari
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Scientific Concept ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Moral Sensitivity ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Euthanasia is one of the most controversial issues in medical ethics and one of the ten major ethical challenges in medicine and health sciences. The present study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between moral sensitivity and attitudes toward euthanasia among nursing students at Birjand University of Medical Sciences in 2020. Birjand University of Medical Sciences has four nursing schools. Cluster sampling method was used for selection of samples. After sampling Ferdows nursing school was selected. Nursing students of Ferdows School were 156 person which 144 participated in the study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Students completed demographic information questionnaire, moral sensitivity questionnaire and euthanasia attitude questionnaire. Data were entered into SPSS software version 19 using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Findings of this study showed that among nursing students, the mean score of moral sensitivity was 59.59 ± 11.21 and was moderate. The mean score of attitudes towards euthanasia was 0.981 ± 0.336. In addition, according to the results, correlation test showed that there is a significant direct but weak relationship between moral sensitivity and attitude to euthanasia in students (P < 0.01, R = 0.219). According to the findings of the present study, moral sensitivity as a scientific concept is one of the determining factors in attitudes toward euthanasia, but other factors can also affect nurses' attitudes toward euthanasia, which should be investigated and determined in future research.

scholarly journals Ethical aspects of legal abortion from the viewpoint of pregnant women referring to the forensic medicine center in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboubeh Valiani ◽  
Gita Montazery ◽  
Ali Mohammad Sabzghabaee ◽  
Somayeh Hamdavipour
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Legal Abortion ◽  
Data Collection Tool ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Convenience Sampling

Abstract Background: Abortion has always been one of the most challenging issues in societies. Women's decision for having a legal abortion has always been influenced by factors such as their spouse, family, society, culture and religious beliefs. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the ethical aspects of legal abortion from pregnant women's viewpoints, referring to Iran's forensic medicine center. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study conducted in 2019. The research samples consisted of pregnant women referring to forensic medicine in Isfahan for obtaining legal abortion permission. Using a convenience sampling method, 229 subjects were selected. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Results: In the present study, the highest and lowest mean score of ethical aspects belonged to the variables of autonomy (36.20±3.01) and justice (17.24±2.45), respectively. The mean scores of the ethical aspects of legal abortion were not significantly different between mothers with a wanted or unwanted pregnancy. Conclusion: women's autonomy in having a legal abortion had the highest score, while the lowest score belonged to justice in legal abortion.

scholarly journals Women’s Reproductive Empowerment: A Comparative Study of Urban and Rural Females in Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arezo Alishah ◽  
Jila Ganji ◽  
Rezaali Mohammadpour ◽  
Zahra Kiani ◽  
Zohreh Shahhosseini
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Health Care Centers

Objectives: Women’s reproductive empowerment is an essential issue for good reproductive health which is affected by various socioeconomic and cultural factors. This study was designed to compare women’s reproductive empowerment in urban and rural areas. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical and correlational-type study, 810 women referring to health care centers in Sari were recruited through proportional cluster sampling method. Data were collected using a questionnaire on women’s reproductive empowerment including cultural, individual-family, social, and family planning domains. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical tests. Results: The mean (standard deviation) of women’s reproductive empowerment score was 91.46±13.14 (a 95% CIof 90.55-92.36) and no statistical difference was observed between the urban and rural women in this respect (P = 0.59). In addition, cultural and family planning domains obtained the highest 29.12 (5.80) and the lowest 17.55 (4.25) scores concerning reproductive empowerment, respectively. Therefore, women’s reproductive empowerment score was significantly correlated with the females’ employment status (P = 0.006) and their husbands’ levels of education (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Overall, the finding contributes to the discourse on women’s reproductive empowerment based on their residential area and thus adds to the limited literature on this issue in developing countries and Iran, in particular. Therefore, appropriate planning is required for women with various employment statuses and their spouses with different educational levels in order to improve their empowerment in terms of reproductive issues.

scholarly journals Evaluating amount of satisfaction for visit capabilities and infrastructures of Gorgan city in separation of touristic entrance regions

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Ahmad Pour Ahmad ◽  
Bahram Imani ◽  
Zeinab Valizadeh ◽  
Zabihollah Torabi ◽  
Mansour Rezaali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Graphical Output ◽  
Satisfactory Condition ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Multistage Cluster Sampling ◽  
The City

The general aim of this research is evaluating amount of satisfaction for visit capabilities and infrastructures of Gorgan city in separation of touristic entrance regions. This study is applicable and explanatory-analytical method is used for study. Used statistical community is consisting entered tourists from seven touristic regions to Gorgan. In this study, probabilistic multistage cluster sampling method was used. So after calculation of sample numbers by using Kokeran’s formula, some regions were selected as research sample from all of touristic absorptions and questionnaires randomly were distributed among them and then were gathered. Anova test, Danken test and the mean of visitor’s opinions were employed for analysis of data. Also the graphical output of data was depicted through Arc Map software. The findings of research showed that Gorgan tourists have announced unsatisfaction of themselves about capabilities and touristic infrastructures of this city. Nevertheless among different regions there is a meaningful disagreeability. Finally with consideration to operated evaluations about satisfactory condition of tourists related to capabilities and infrastructures of the city for improving situation, suitable solutions have been offered.

scholarly journals Investigation of Internet Addiction and Its Relationship with Sleep Quality and Depression among Dormitory Students of Larestan School of Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahram KOUHNAVARDT ◽  
Marjan ASDIAR ◽  
Marzieh HONARBAKHSH ◽  
Mohammad Reza ZARE ◽  
Zahra SHAHMOHAMMADI
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Internet addiction has a negative effect on mental health and leads to clinical discomfort and disorder. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between Internet addiction with sleep quality and depression in dormitory students. Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytical study. Since all students living in dormitories participated in this study (95 people), the sampling method was census. The study used three Young Internet addiction questionnaires, the Goldberg Depression Inventory, and the Petersburg Sleep Quality Questionnaire. For statistical analysis of data, descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation and also analytical statistical tests such as one-way analysis of variance with SPSS 22 software were used. Results: Among the students studied, 63 (66.3%) were normal in terms of Internet addiction, 31 (32.6%) were mildly addicted and 1 was severely addicted to the Internet. The study of depression among students showed that out of 95 people, 22 people have mild to moderate depression and 10 people have borderline depression. The mean score of students' sleep quality was 7.38 ± 2.88 and there was a significant relationship between it and Internet addiction (P <0.001) Discussion and Conclusion: Given the prevalence of Internet addiction among students and its significant association with depression and poor sleep quality, the necessary planning should be done to prevent this health problem.

scholarly journals Health and nutritional status of HIV infected children living in the orphanages of Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2542
Author(s):  
Jayasree Palla ◽  
Aparna Mallipudi ◽  
Ravi Babu Komaram ◽  
Mishra S. K.
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Participants

Background: HIV infected orphan children are the most vulnerable and neglected group in the society. They are more susceptible to constant illness, malnutrition and social discrimination. Aim: To assess the health and nutritional status of HIV infected children living in the orphanages of Rajamahendravaram.Methods: This was a community based cross-sectional study, conducted among the HIV infected children aged 1 to 15 years, living at two orphanages in Rajamahendravaram. Study subjects were selected by consecutive sampling method. A semi-structured schedule was used for the collection of data. Health status was assessed by a schedule for morbidity profile; Nutritional status was assessed by anthropometric measurements, clinical examination and by a schedule for dietary intake. Z scores were calculated using the anthropometric measurements of the study participants; WHO reference growth charts were used to assess the nutritional status. Results were presented as percentages, proportions, mean and standard deviation.Results: Total 150 HIV infected children were enrolled in the study. The mean age of children was 9.28±2.88 years. 26% of children were born with birth weight <2.5 kg. Out of 150 children, 46.65% were underweight, 50% were stunted, and 22.6% were thin. The mean energy intake of HIV infected children indicates deficiency in comparison to reference standards of WHO.Conclusions: Unhealthy condition and undernutrition is highly prevalent in HIV infected children living in orphanages. Hence, their needs are to be addressed and all efforts need to be directed at alleviating undernutrition and ill health.

scholarly journals Analyzing The Gap Between Perceptions And Expectations Of Students About The Quality Of Educational Services In Southern Of Iran: Servqual Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Foozieh Rafati ◽  
Azizollah Arbabisarjou ◽  
Neda Dastyar
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
T Test ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Perceptions And Expectations

Abstract Background Universities should be sensitive to the needs and expectations of students. This study aimed to analyze the gap between perceptions and expectations of students of Jiroft University of Medical Sciences about the quality of educational services. Methods This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 213 medical, nursing, and midwifery students. Census method was used to sampling. The data were collected using a multi-dimensional questionnaire (SERVQUAL-22 items). Finally, the data were analyzed by T-test, ANOVA, and correlation coefficient. the significance level was considered as 0.05. Results The mean age of the participants in this study was 21.62 ± 1.79. Of students 132 (62%) were female and 186 (87.3%) were single. There was a quality gap in all dimensions of the quality of educational services (empathy, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and tangibility). The highest quality gap was observed in the empathy dimension − 8.66 (4.2) and the smallest gap was observed in the tangibility dimension − 4.18 (4.4). Average score of educational services gap in reliability dimension in terms of education of mothers (p = 0.01), and average score of educational services gap in reliability dimension (p = 0.009), tangibility dimension (p = 0.015) and overall score (p = 0.039) in terms of their fathers’ education were significant. Conclusions The results indicate that the expectations of the students in all aspects of the quality of educational services (empathy, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and tangibility) are more than their perceptions. Thus, the authorities must take the necessary measures to meet the expectations of students.

Correlation of hand functionality and grip strengths with anthropometric measurements

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hasan Atacan Tonak ◽  
Ozgun Kaya Kara ◽  
Sedef Sahin
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Hand Length ◽  
Moderate Positive Correlation ◽  
Forearm Length

BACKGROUND: Using objective anthropometric measurement data and anthropometric ratios, grip strength and hand functionality can be evaluated. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to obtain anthropometric measurements regarding the forearm and hand, to evaluate the hand functionality in addition to hand and finger grip strengths, and to investigate the correlation between these values. METHODS: One-hundred eight-four subjects between 18 and 25 years were included in the study. Forearm and hand anthropometric measurements and ratios were measured. Hand and lateral grip strengths were evaluated. Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT) was used to assess hand functionality. RESULTS: A statistically weak and consistently negative correlation between the ratios of forearm length to forearm/wrist circumferences and the ratio of hand length to metacarpal head circumference and hand-lateral grip strengths was found. There was a statistically weak and consistently negative correlation between these ratios and the subtests of JTHFT. It was shown that there was a statistically weak–moderate positive correlation between the hand-lateral grip strengths and JTHFT subtests. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, when evaluating grip strength and hand functionality, forearm and hand anthropometric measurements and ratios, which could affect the results, should be considered.

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