scholarly journals Development stages of ecological architectural and construction design in Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Andrey Benuzh ◽  
Elena Sukhinina ◽  
Alexander Eames Guy
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Construction Design ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

The history of environmental standards, the emergence of environmental architectural and construction design in Russia and the forerunners of environmental certification systems in construction are studied. Historical material is analysed and data is systematised chronologically. Development stages of ecological architectural and construction design in our country are highlighted, their main features are given: Stage 1 (late 17th – mid 20th centuries) — the history of the formation of environmental requirements for the conservation of natural resources and the creation of a comfortable environment for life in urban areas; Stage 2 (mid XXth – early XXIth centuries) — the formation of environmental legislation, the opening of the first Russian Green Building councils, the adaptation of international environmental standards in construction to Russian realities; Stage 3 (the beginning of the XXIth century – the present) — the creation of sustainable requirements in the Russian Federation, increasing the viability of the architectural and construction environment, the introduction of a number of Russian environmental standards in construction, the formation of a national Tech-nical Committee 366 to develop national standards to GOST R series on green construction and promoting green standardization at the national and international levels with the introduction of new green technologies, materials and products for a comfortable living environment. Today in Russia, a new architectural and construction environment is emerging, aimed at saving resources, preserving health, energy conservation, reducing waste, safety, comfort, preserving biodiversity and creating holistic conditions. To intensify the development of this area, it is necessary to introduce new environmental standards for the design of sustainable space in Russian cities, using best world practice.

Towards an interstitial approach to urban landscape

TERRITORIO ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Luc Lévesque
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Shopping Centres ◽  
History Of ◽  
Western Landscape

- The history of western landscape can be conceived as the conquering of ‘non-places', by which is meant above all unknown lands with a reputation of being ‘horrendous' or uninhabitable, that are gradually brought under control, assigned a cultural value and subsequently transformed into ‘places' and landscapes. These are generic spaces without any clear history or identity. Airports, intersections and shopping centres, as well as the residual spaces associated with these, are just some examples of environments that Augé refers to as ‘non-places'. In order to breach this impasse, it becomes necessary to relinquish a privileged relationship that links one's living environment with an image of protection, the latter being associated in turn with archetypical places. By the same token, one must resist the temptation to classify an area as a ‘place' or ‘non-place' without prior examination or analysis. Various methods capable of altering our perception of urban areas can be used to set this process in motion.

scholarly journals Formation of innovative methods for ecological safety systems of construction

2018 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 02010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Slesarev ◽  
Valery Telichenko ◽  
Nguyen Dinh Dap
Keyword(s):  
Living Environment ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Safety Problem ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Safety Systems ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
First Time

For the first time, formation of innovative methods for ecological safety of construction which called to treat as a result a complex of new technical solutions (more than 15 patents for inventions) focused on the solution of ecological safety problem in construction areas, and also for the first time the set four projects of national standards «“Green” standard. “Green” technologies of living environment and “green” innovative production»: “Terms and definitions”; “Classification”; “Criteria of reference”; “conformity assessment according to the requirements of the green standards. General provisions”.

Seventieth Anniversary of the Institute of Literature of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 238-240
Author(s):  
Igor I. Kaliganov
Keyword(s):  
Academic Institution ◽  
Bulgarian Academy ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Governmental Institutions ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Slavic Studies

In May 2018, Bulgaria celebrated the seventieth anniversary of the Institute of Literature of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. A festive meeting and a two-day International Scholarly Conference of Literary Critics accompanied the celebration. The author recalls the history of the creation of this academic institution, the development stages the institute has passed, its numerous academic achievements, high rating in the scholarly world and the respect it enjoys among Bulgarian public and governmental institutions. In conclusion, on behalf of the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences the author wishes further success to the Bulgarian colleagues.

FORMATION AND FEATURES OF CERTIFICATION OF RUSSIAN ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS IN CONSTRUCTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
Elena A. SUKHININA
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Planning Space

The article describes the history of the creation of Russian “green” Councils and environmental standards in construction. The interrelation of domestic and foreign systems is revealed, the scope of application of ecostandards in Russia is determined. Sections of the environmental assessment of Russian standards are considered. The characteristic features of rating systems in Russia are identified. The analysis of the estimated categories of the ecocertification systems under consideration is carried out. It is concluded that at present, to improve the environmental friendliness of the architectural and urban planning space, Russian designers need separate versions of national ecostandards for architects and city planners, without overloading with technical and organizational requirements for certification.

Part V Federalism, Ch.31 Local Government

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivaramakrishnan KC
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Fourth Amendment ◽  
Indian Constitution ◽  
Constitutional Amendments ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

This chapter examines the constitutional framework for the structure of local government in India, particularly the background, scope, and content of the Seventy-third and Seventy-fourth Constitutional Amendments, 1992 to the Indian Constitution. The Seventy-third Amendment required States to create self-governing, elected village councils, or panchayats, while the Seventy-fourth Amendment required the creation of elected municipalities in urban areas. The history of local self-government in India is discussed, before turning to a discussion of the constitutional position of local government in the country after Independence. The constitutional and statutory provisions on local government are considered, along with the motivations and the context behind the Seventy-third and Seventy-fourth Constitutional Amendments. The chapter explores issues of structure and implementation in local government, the functions and powers of local governments, and the case of industrial townships. Finally, it evaluates the functions and powers of local bodies and their place in the federal framework.

scholarly journals Concept of Microclimate in Russian Legislation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Gaponenkov ◽  
Irina Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Green Building ◽  
The Body ◽  
National Standards ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Construction Design ◽  
Velocity Surface ◽  
Standards And Regulations ◽  
Thermoregulatory System

In the constantly changing conditions of the external environment, the microclimate is supported by the stabilizing systems of the building in the overall system ”building - exterior fences and engineering equipment”. To create a comfortable microclimate in the room, special systems are used: heating, ventilation, and humidification. To create thermal comfort indoors means ensuring its complex meteorological conditions in which the thermoregulatory system of the body is in a state of the least tension, and all the other physiological functions occur at the level most beneficial for the body. In the modern world the quality of the indoor environment is a priority, part of the requirements is reflected in the modern standards of green building, part in the national standards. So the Russian Federation has legislative and normative-legal acts, reflecting the characteristics of environmental quality: GOST (State Standard) 30494-2011, SanPiN (Sanitary Regulations and Norms) 2.1.2.1002-00, GOST R ISO (Russian National Standard) 7730-2009, SN 2605-82, SNiP (Construction Standards and Regulations) 23-05-95 and others. Normalized microclimatic indicators include temperature, humidity and air velocity, surface temperature of building envelopes, objects, equipment. But at the present stage, the formation of a harmonized and safe environment of the room depends on many factors, which should not only reflect functional, social, climatic, urban planning, construction design, architectural-artistic and economic characteristics, but also socio-psychological and environmental components of the room.

Design Parameters Of A Comfortable Living Environment In The Normative Documentation

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Internal Space ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Indoor Environment Quality ◽  
Community Information ◽  
Normative Documentation ◽  
The Russian Federation

Currently, the professional construction community information field is largely filled with the topic of creating a comfortable living environment. However, architectural and engineering design that corresponds to the concept of sustainable development is currently hindered due to the lack of a formed conceptual framework that reveals the meaning of the term "comfort", as well as a criteria list that determines the indoor environment quality in the Russian Federation regulatory and technical framework. The article offers some components of a comfortable living environment, within which the parameters of designing the internal environment of premises are highlighted. A comparative analysis of the national standards of the Russian Federation regulating the design of the internal space of residential and public buildings, with international "green" standards for a number of parameters was carried out. It is concluded that it is necessary to update the Russian regulatory and technical base taking into account the international experience of "green" standards.

Elite da Liberdade: a contribution to the history of black clubs in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 396-411
Author(s):  
Petrônio José Domingues
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Black Identity ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Educational Discourse ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

This article investigates the trajectory of the Grêmio Dramático, Recreativo e Literário Elite da Liberdade (the Liberdade Elite Guild of Drama, Recreation, and Literature), a black club active in São Paulo, Brazil, from 1919 to 1927. The aim is to reconstruct aspects of the club’s history in light of its educational discourse on civility, which was used as a strategy to promote modern virtues in the black milieu. By appropriating the precepts of civility, Elite da Liberdade helped construct a positive black identity, enabled the creation of bonds of solidarity among its members, and made itself a place of resistance and struggle for social inclusion, recognition, and citizens’ rights.

Hastings Donnan and Pnina Werbner (eds). Economy and Culture in Pakistan: Migrants and Cities in a Muslim Society. London: Macmillan. 1991. 268 pp.

1992 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-328
Author(s):  
Ziaul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Political System ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Population Movements ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Divide ◽  
Different Parts

Modem economic factors and forces are rapidly transforming the world into a single society and economy in which the migration of people at the national and international levels plays an important role. Pakistan, as a modem nation, has characteristically been deeply influenced by such migrations, both national and international. The first great exodus occurred in 1947 when over eight million Indian Muslims migrated from different parts of India to Pakistan. Thus, from the very beginning mass population movements and migrations have been woven into Pakistan's social fabric through its history, culture and religion. These migrations have greatly influenced the form and substance of the national economy, the contours of the political system, patterns of urbanisation and the physiognomy of the overall culture and history of the country. The recent political divide of Sindh on rural/Sindhi, and urban/non-Sindhi, ethnic and linguistic lines is the direct result of these earlier settlements of these migrants in the urban areas of Sindh.

The Russian Holy Synod and the Greeks

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 72-98
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Chrissidis
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Greek History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

Abstract The article first surveys Greek interpretations of the creation of the Russian Holy Synod by Peter the Great. It provides a critical assessment of the historiographical paradigm offered by N.F. Kapterev for the analysis of Greek-Russian relations in the early modern period. Finally, it proposes that scholars should focus on a Greek history of Greek-Russian relations as a complement and possibly corrective to the Kapterev paradigm.

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