scholarly journals Yngre og ældre ældres risiko for selvmord efter deres partners død

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anette Erlangsen ◽  
Bernard Jeune
Keyword(s):  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Civil Status ◽  
Old Men

Annette Erlangsen og Bernard Jeune: Risk of suicide among the old and oldest old after death of partner The purpose of this article is to examine the relation between civil status and the death of a partner and suicide among the oldest old (80 years and older) compared with younger age groups. The article also analyses whether the death of a partner exerts a temporal influence on the risk of suicide. The study includes information about the entire Danish population aged 50 years and over in the period 1994-1998. Suicide rates were analysed by civil status and age group, and the risk of suicide after the death of a partner was assessed by using “event-history analysis“. The highest rate of suicide was found among the oldest old for both men and women. However, the highest increase in risk after the death of a partner is found among people aged 65-79. The oldest old men who are either never married, divorced, or widowed have higher suicide rates than married men, while there is little difference between married and widowed women in this age group. Compared to married people, the relative risk of suicide increases significantly during the first year after the death of a partner. In the following years the risk levels off. The first months after the death of a partner are associated with an elevated risk for suicide. Measured relative to married persons, the suicide risk of recently bereaved men increases more than for women.

Gender Differences in the Link Between Marital Status and the Risk of Cognitive Impairment: Results From the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging

2021 ◽  
pp. 009141502110241
Author(s):  
Yujin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Event History ◽  
Never Married ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Married Men ◽  
And Gender

In the context of South Korea, characterized by increasing population aging and a changing family structure, this study examined differences in the risk of cognitive impairment by marital status and investigated whether this association differs by gender. The data were derived from the 2006–2018 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. The sample comprised 7,568 respondents aged 45 years or older, who contributed 30,414 person-year observations. Event history analysis was used to predict the odds of cognitive impairment by marital status and gender. Relative to their married counterparts, never-married and divorced people were the most disadvantaged in terms of cognitive health. In addition, the association between marital status and cognitive impairment was much stronger for men than for women. Further, gender-stratified analyses showed that, compared with married men, never-married men had a higher risk of cognitive impairment, but there were no significant effects of marital status for women.

scholarly journals Neuropsychological Differences Related to Age in Dementia with Lewy Bodies

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Nagahama ◽  
Tomoko Okina ◽  
Norio Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Recent Memory ◽  
Better Than

Background/Aims: To examine the influence of age on neuropsychological performances in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer disease (AD) patients. Methods: We examined memory, executive, and visuo-constructional performances in 202 DLB patients and 236 AD patients. We divided the subjects into three age groups (65–74, 75–84, and 85–95 years old), and evaluated the differences in neuropsychological performances. Results: Recent memory in the DLB group was significantly better than that in the age-matched AD group when comparing the age groups 65–74 years and 75–84 years; however, memory impairment in the DLB patients in the age group 85–95 years was comparable with that in the age-matched AD patients. In contrast to recent memory, the other assessed neuropsychological performances, such as visuospatial and executive functions, showed no significant change in differences between the DLB and AD groups with advancing age. Conclusion: Our study revealed that the nature of memory impairment in DLB patients changes according to age. DLB patients in the young-old and old-old age groups showed significantly better memory performance than the age-matched AD patients, whereas memory performance of the DLB patients in the oldest-old age group was similar to that of the age-matched AD patients. This may be associated with the increased rate of coexisting AD pathology in DLB patients with older age.

scholarly journals Time trends in suicide rates by domestic gas or car exhaust gas inhalation in Japan, 1968–1994

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 644-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Yoshioka ◽  
S. J. B. Hanley ◽  
Y. Saijo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Car Exhaust ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Gas Inhalation ◽  
Car Exhaust Gas ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Content

AbstractAimsA reduction in the carbon monoxide content of domestic gas and car exhaust gas has been associated with a decrease in gassing suicides in many western countries. In Japan, a reduction in the carbon monoxide content of domestic gas supply began in the early 1970s, and carbon monoxide emissions standards of new passenger cars were significantly strengthened in 1978. However, little is known about the impact of detoxification of these gases on gassing-related suicides in Japan. Therefore, we examined the changing patterns of suicide due to domestic gas or car exhaust gas inhalation by gender and age in Japan between 1968 and 1994.MethodsSuicide mortality data were obtained from the Vital Statistics of Japan. In this study, age was divided into four groups: 15–24, 25–44, 45–64 and 65+ years. Method of suicide was divided into three groups: domestic gas, car exhaust gas and non-gases. We calculated method-specific age-standardised suicide rates by gender within each of the four age groups. We applied joinpoint regression to the data and quantified the observed changes.ResultsSuicide rates by domestic gas, regardless of gender and age, increased from 1968 to the mid-1970s and then decreased sharply. The proportion of all suicides accounted for by domestic gas was comparatively high in the mid-1970s among females aged 15–24 and 25–44 years, while for other gender-age-groups the proportion of domestic gas suicides remained small, even at the peak. For females aged 15–44 years, the decrease in domestic gas suicides appeared to cause a substantial decrease in overall suicides in this gender/age group. Car exhaust gas was a more common method for males, particularly those aged 25–64 years. Car exhaust gas suicide rates for males aged 25–64 years peaked in the mid-1980s, followed by a sharp decrease.ConclusionsA reduction in the carbon monoxide content of the domestic gas, which began in the early 1970s in Japan, was associated with a decrease in domestic gas suicides for both genders of all ages. Concerning females aged 15–44 years, a decrease in domestic gas suicides caused a substantial decrease in overall suicides in this gender/age group since the proportion of domestic gas suicides among all suicides combined was comparatively large. However, it remains uncertain whether the introduction of catalytic converters in the 1970s in Japan resulted in a reduction of suicides from car exhaust gas inhalation.

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Expression of Recurrent Headache as a Function of the Reporting Age in Twins

Twin Research ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan A. Svensson ◽  
Bo Larsson ◽  
Elisabet Waldenlind ◽  
Nancy L. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Recurrent Headache ◽  
Old Men ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

AbstractTo explore age-related mechanisms in the expression of recurrent headache, we evaluated whether genetic and environmental influences are a function of the reporting age using questionnaire information that was gathered in 1973 for 15- to 47-year-old Swedish twins (n =12,606 twin pairs). Liability to mixed headache (mild migraine and tension-type headache) was explained by non-additive genetic influences (49%) in men aged from 15 to 30 years and additive genetic plus shared environmental influences (28%) in men aged from 31 to 47 years. In women, the explained proportion of variance, which was mainly due to additive genetic effects, ranged from 61% in adolescent twins to 12% in twins aged from 41 to 47 years, whereas individual specific environmental variance was significantly lower in twins aged from 15 to 20 years than in twins aged from 21 to 30 years. Liability to migrainous headache (more severe migraine) was explained by non-addi-tive genetic influences in men, 32% in young men and 45% in old men, while total phenotypic variance was significantly lower in young men than in old men. In women, the explained proportion of variance ranged from 91% in the youngest age group to 37% in the oldest age group, with major contributions from non-additive effects in young and old women (15–20 years and 41–47 years, respectively) and additive genetic effects in intermediate age groups (21–40 years). While total variance showed a positive age trend, genetic variance tended to be stable across age groups, whereas individual specific environmental variance was significantly lower in adolescent women as compared to older women.

scholarly journals Predictors of Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults by Age Group: Based on the 2017 National Survey of Older Korean Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9600
Author(s):  
Jinheum Kim ◽  
Eunjeong Cha
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Young Old

Owing to a growing older adult population, dementia is emerging as an important health issue. Given that maintaining cognitive functions is crucial for the prevention of dementia, this study aimed to identify the predictors of cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults, through a secondary data analysis of the 2017 National Survey of Older Koreans. A total of 9836 participants were classified into three age groups—young-old (65–74 years), old-old (75–84 years), and oldest-old (≥85 years)—and were separately analyzed using multiple linear regression models. The final model explained 28.0%, 35.0%, and 37.0% of variance in cognitive function in the three age groups, respectively. The most potent predictors of cognitive function in the young-old were electronic device-based activities, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and nutrition management; the predictors for the old-old group were electronic device-based activities, IADL, and dementia screening, and those for the oldest-old group were frequency of contact with acquaintances, traveling, and religion. Thus, age group-specific interventions are needed to effectively promote cognitive function among older adults. Digital literacy education, use of community-based elderly welfare programs, opportunities for social interactions, and physical activities can help older adults in maintaining a functional status and muscle strengthening.

Abstract 239: Rates of Atrial Fibrillation Diagnoses and Stroke Events by Combination of Risk Factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mintu P Turakhia ◽  
Tina D Hunter ◽  
Sarah A Mollenkopf ◽  
Matthew R Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
True Incidence ◽  
Factor Combination ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Event Rates

Objectives: To stratify individual and incremental risks for AF and stroke based on annualized rates of diagnoses in 2008-2010 by patient risk status in 2007. Methods: A sample of 3,007,874 patients from the Truven Health MarketScan® Commercial and Medicare Supplemental Databases was categorized by their unique combination of age (<65, 65-74, 75+), HTN, diabetes, heart failure, CAD, and renal insufficiency. Counts of patients with events in each category were divided by the sum of patient-years to first event to produce annualized event rates. Similarly, annualized event rates were calculated separately by age group alone (0-17, 18-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, and 75+). Results: Baseline annualized rates of AF and stroke diagnoses among patients with age <65 and no additional risk factors were 0.35% and 0.49%, respectively, while rates ranged from 0.65% to 3.34% for those with single risk factors, including older age groups. Patients age 75+ had the highest annualized rates of both AF and stroke among single risk factors (3.25% and 3.34%), while those age 75+ with heart failure had the highest rates among patients with two risk factors (10.22% and 5.88%). In some cases, an interaction among risk factors produced a supra-additive effect, such as the effect on AF rate of age 75+ combined with heart failure (10.22% >> 3.25% + 1.67%). Conversely, for those cases where the subsample of patients with a particular risk factor combination was very small, the true incidence rate may be best approximated by summing the rates for the individual risks. Rates of AF and stroke by age group alone increased approximately exponentially from 0.15% and 0.20%, respectively, among patients age 0-17 to 5.60% and 4.85% among those age 75+. Conclusions: Results from a very large sample of patients in a claims database confirm increased rates of AF and stroke in patients with known risk ractors, while adding to the knowledge base regarding the risk levels among many less prevalent combinations of these factors. The results suggest that patients should be monitored more vigilantly as age progresses for signs of AF, and possibly treated more aggressively for risk factors that increase the incidence of AF and stroke. In particular, patients age 75+ may be considered to be at risk based on age alone.

No country for older men: ageing male suicide in New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoram Barak ◽  
Gary Cheung ◽  
Sarah Fortune ◽  
Paul Glue
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Male Suicide ◽  
Age Cohort ◽  
Ageing Male ◽  
Old Men ◽  
Very High ◽  
Older Males

Objective: Suicide rates increase in late life. There is, however, a gap in understanding suicide in the very old. We aimed to underscore the evidence for high rates of death by suicide in the oldest-old men (age 85+) in New Zealand and to provide a conjectural discussion about factors driving these rates. Method: Provisional suicide data were obtained from the New Zealand Coronial Services website for the period 2011–2019. Yearly suicide rates for those aged 85+ were plotted over time. Mean suicide rates were calculated for three youth and young adult male cohorts, identified by the Coroner as having very high rates, and compared with the 85+ age cohort. Results: Between 2011 and 2019, rates of death by suicide of older males remained consistently high never overlapping female suicide rates. Mean suicide deaths/100,000 population for all four age cohorts were comparable; 15–19 years: 23.5; 20–24 years: 29.0; 25–29 years: 27.0; 85+ years: 27.9. Conclusions: Deaths by suicide are very high for older males. In addition to established risk factors, psychosocial adversity as reflected by loneliness, poverty and shift to residential care may be major reasons for the high suicide rates. Research to inform about this vulnerable population and prevention are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Pacing in World-Class Age Group Swimmers in 200 and 400 m Individual Medley

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathia Moser ◽  
Caio Victor Sousa ◽  
Rafael Reis Olher ◽  
Lee Hill ◽  
Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Pairwise Comparisons ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Master Athletes ◽  
Front Crawl ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
World Class ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Old Men

The present research investigated pacing for world-class age group swimmers competing in individual medley in 200 m and 400 m. Data on 3,242 unique finishers (1,475 women and 1,767 men) competing in four Master World Championships [XV FINA WMC held in Montreal (Canada) in 2014, the XVI FINA WMC held in Kazan (RUS) in 2015, the FINA WMC held in Budapest (HUN) in 2017, and the XVIII FINA WMC held in Gwangju (KOR] in 2019) were analyzed. Men were faster than women among all age groups in both 200 and 400 m. Additionally, differences were found between almost all adjacent age groups, with the exception (p &gt; 0.05) of age groups 25–29 to 30–34, 35–39 to 40–44 years in 200 m races and 25–29 to 30–34, 30–34 to 35–39, 35–39 to 40–44, and 45–49 to 50–54 years in 400 m races. Men showed a higher pacing variation in 200 m among all male age groups and all female age groups up to 69 years. Pace-variation pairwise comparisons between men and women showed no consistencies throughout age groups, with the exception of a higher variation in men in age groups ≥55-year-old. Men were faster for all splits and strokes in both 200 and 400 m, and significant changes were identified for each split and stroke for both men and women in both 200 and 400 m. Front crawl (freestyle, 4th split) was the fastest butterfly (1st split), backstroke (2nd split), and breaststroke (3rd split). In summary, men were faster than women for all age groups in both 200 and 400 m. Men showed a higher pacing variation in 200 m in all age groups, where women had a higher variation in age groups up to 69 years. The fastest stroke for the final spurt was front crawl, followed by butterfly, backstroke, and breaststroke. Based on these findings, coaches should advise their master athletes to focus on the final spurt in both 200 and 400 m individual medley for a fast final race time.

Suicide in older adults: differences between the young-old, middle-old, and oldest old

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1297-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Wen Koo ◽  
Kairi Kõlves ◽  
Diego De Leo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Young Old

ABSTRACTBackground:In the limited research into suicides in older adults, they have been treated as a homogenous group without distinguishing between different age groups. This study aimed to compare differences in sociodemographic variables, recent life events, and mental and physical illnesses between three age groups within older adults who died by suicide: young-old (65–74 years), middle-old (75–84 years), and oldest old (85 years and over) in Queensland, Australia, during the years 2000–2012 (N = 978).Methods:The Queensland Suicide Register was utilized for the analysis. Annual suicide rates were calculated. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals and χ2 tests for trend were calculated to examine differences between the three groups.Results:Suicide rates were increasing with age for males, but not for females. Hanging and firearms were the predominant methods of suicides. However, suffocation by plastic bag and drowning as suicide methods increased with age, in contrast firearms and explosives decreased with age. Overall, psychiatric problems, suicidal behavior, legal and financial stressors, and relationship problems decreased significantly with age, meanwhile physical conditions and bereavement increased with age.Conclusion:Suicide across older adulthood is not a homogenous phenomenon. Our findings showed significant differences in the prevalence of potential risk factors within the three different age groups considered. To prevent suicide in older adults would require targeting specific factors for each subgroup while using holistic and comprehensive approaches.

scholarly journals Overweight in an urban Siberian population: 12-year trends

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Akimova ◽  
E. I. Gakova ◽  
R. Kh. Kayumov ◽  
E. Yu. Zagorodnykh ◽  
O. V. Smaznova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Monitoring ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Siberian Population ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
City District ◽  
Old Men ◽  
Manual Occupation

Aim. To assess the levels of body mass index (BMI) in an urban Siberian population of 25-64-year-old men; to investigate the prevalence of overweight (OW) and its dynamics over the 12-year period of the population monitoring. Material and methods. The study included two randomised, electoral list-based samples of 25-64-year-old male residents of one Tumen City district. Each sample included 1000 individuals (250 in each 10-year age group – 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, and 55-64 years). The response rates for the first and second cardiologic screenings (1996 and 2008) were 79,5% and 85,2%, respectively. Results. In the male Tumen population, OW was more prevalent in middle-aged people. Obesity (O) was more prevalent in men with primary education or non-strenuous manual occupation. No considerable social gradient in OW was observed. Conclusion. Over 12 years, the male Tumen population, aged 25-64 years, has demonstrated an increase in O and OW prevalence, mostly due to increasing BMI levels in younger age groups. The 12-year trends have shown that the increase in O prevalence takes place one decade earlier.

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