scholarly journals On dialogic speech: Convergences and Divergences between Jakubinskij, Bakhtin and Voloshinov

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dóris De Arruda C. Da Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Russian Linguistics ◽  
Bakhtinian Theory

This article aims to discuss Lev Jakubinsky’s ideas presented in his 1923 essay On Dialogic Speech (Brazilian translation 2015), and its convergences and divergences with the thought of Bakhtin and Voloshinov. Studies on dialogue do not come from a unique theoretical source, but they appear connected to questions of linguistic and cultural practices in Russia (ROMASHKO, 2000: 84). An important part of this research was dedicated to dialectology, that is, to the dialectic speech, conceived then as dialogic speech. However, according to Voloshinov (1992: 147), in 1929 there was only one study devoted to the dialogue in Russian linguistics, the essay On Dialogic Speech. Some researchers on Jakubinsky contend that this essay was a reference to Voloshinov and Bakhtin, or that it was the direct inspiration source to the former and, through it, to Bakhtinian theory. The investigation of linguistic ideas at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth century allows us to conclude that Voloshinov and Bakhtin adopted themes, problems and notions from the burgeoning philosophy and social sciences, nevertheless transforming what was given into something new.

scholarly journals Intelectuais e História: identidade caipira e o com-texto civilizatório brasileiro do século XX * Intellectuals and History: caipira identity and the Brazilian civilizational context of Twentieth Century

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
ELISÂNGELA DE JESUS SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Popular Culture ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Literary Character ◽  
Cultura Popular ◽  
Intellectual Production

<p class="Default"><strong>Resumo: </strong>O texto problematiza a construção de conhecimento literário e científico destacando a atuação de intelectuais brasileiros do século XX. Neste exercício, procura refletir sobre a construção do personagem literário Jeca Tatu de Monteiro Lobato integrante da pauta entre intelectuais empenhados na construção do folclore como um problema sociológico ou “objeto” de análise e de poder, tendo em vista as lutas para constituição de campos disciplinares. Para pensar a produção intelectual em contextos contemporâneos, tratamos da produção cultural do século passado enquanto tentativa de tradução das práticas culturais populares, em sutil articulação com valores e concepções etnocêntricas fundadas na colonialidade de poder. Refletimos sobre a construção do conhecimento contemporâneo como legado que implica em rupturas conceituais com o passado colonial.</p><p class="Default"><strong>Palavras-chave: </strong>Folclore; Cultura Popular; Intelectuais; Ciências Sociais; grupos caipiras paulistas.</p><p class="Default"><strong><br /></strong></p><p class="Default"><strong>Abstract: </strong>The text discusses the construction of literary and scientific knowledge, highlighting the activities of Brazilian intellectuals of the twentieth century. In this endeavour, it aims to reflect on the composition of Monteiro Lobato’s literary character Jeca Tatu, part of the agenda among intellectuals engaged in making folklore a sociological problem or "object" of analysis and power, bearing in mind the fights to establish fields of study. Thus, and in order to ponder intellectual production in contemporary contexts, we treat the cultural production of the last century as an attempt to translate the popular cultural practices, in subtle conjunction with ethnocentric conceptions based on the coloniality of power. Reflect on the construction of contemporary knowledge as legacy that involves conceptual break with the colonial past.</p><p class="Default"><strong>Keywords: </strong>Folklore; Popular Culture; Intellectuals; Social Sciences; caipira paulista groups.</p>

Hopscotch Modernism: On Everyday Life and the Blurring of Art and Social Science

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Highmore
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Modernist Literature ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Point Of Departure

From a remarkably innovative point of departure, Ben Highmore (University of Sussex) suggests that modernist literature and art were not the only cultural practices concerned with reclaiming the everyday and imbuing it with significance. At the same time, Roger Caillois was studying the spontaneous interactions involved in games such as hopscotch, while other small scale institutions such as the Pioneer Health Centre in Peckham, London attempted to reconcile systematic study and knowledge with the non-systematic exchanges in games and play. Highmore suggests that such experiments comprise a less-often recognised ‘modernist heritage’, and argues powerfully for their importance within early-twentieth century anthropology and the newly-emerged field of cultural studies.

Rhythm

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lexi Eikelboom
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Embodied Experience ◽  
Giorgio Agamben ◽  
The Social ◽  
Contemporary Philosopher ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Theoretical Category

This book argues that, as a pervasive dimension of human existence with theological implications, rhythm ought to be considered a category of theological significance. Philosophers and theologians have drawn on rhythm—patterned movements of repetition and variation—to describe reality, however, the ways in which rhythm is used and understood differ based on a variety of metaphysical commitments with varying theological implications. This book brings those implications into the open, using resources from phenomenology, prosody, and the social sciences to analyse and evaluate uses of rhythm in metaphysical and theological accounts of reality. The analysis relies on a distinction from prosody between a synchronic approach to rhythm—observing the whole at once and considering how various dimensions of a rhythm hold together harmoniously—and a diachronic approach—focusing on the ways in which time unfolds as the subject experiences it. The text engages with the twentieth-century Jesuit theologian Erich Przywara alongside thinkers as diverse as Augustine and the contemporary philosopher Giorgio Agamben, and proposes an approach to rhythm that serves the concerns of theological conversation. It demonstrates the difference that including rhythm in theological conversation makes to how we think about questions such as “what is creation?” and “what is the nature of the God–creature relationship?” from the perspective of rhythm. As a theoretical category, capable of expressing metaphysical commitments, yet shaped by the cultural rhythms in which those expressing such commitments are embedded, rhythm is particularly significant for theology as a phenomenon through which culture and embodied experience influence doctrine.

Die Macht der Institution

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
The State ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War

This volume examines Arnold Gehlen’s theory of the state from his philosophy of the state in the 1920s via his political and cultural anthropology to his impressive critique of the post-war welfare state. The systematic analyses the book contains by leading scholars in the social sciences and the humanities examine the interplay between the theory and history of the state with reference to the broader context of the history of ideas. Students and researchers as well as other readers interested in this subject will find this book offers an informative overview of how one of the most wide-ranging and profound thinkers of the twentieth century understands the state. With contributions by Oliver Agard, Heike Delitz, Joachim Fischer, Andreas Höntsch, Tim Huyeng, Rastko Jovanov, Frank Kannetzky, Christine Magerski, Zeljko Radinkovic, Karl-Siegbert Rehberg and Christian Steuerwald.

The sociocultural realm in relation to environment, biology, and history: Notes on Van Gennep and the emerging social sciences of his day

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-337
Author(s):  
Harvey E Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
American School ◽  
Broad Approach

Van Gennep’s research interests were located in the region where the fields of folklore, anthropology, sociology, and religion overlapped. His Rites de passage reflected a broad approach to ritual and social life that took into account the natural environment, biology, and history. This article scans his interests and emphases in relation to the American school of cultural anthropology that developed in the twentieth century. It assesses parallels and differences, and points to areas deserving further clarification such as Van Gennep’s understanding of language.

scholarly journals A Field Guide for Teaching Evolution in the Social Sciences

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristine Legare ◽  
John Opfer ◽  
Justin Busch ◽  
Andrew Shtulman
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Teaching Evolution ◽  
Field Guide ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Evolution Understanding

The theory of evolution by natural selection has begun to revolutionize our understanding of perception, cognition, language, social behavior, and cultural practices. Despite the centrality of evolutionary theory to the social sciences, many students, teachers, and even scientists struggle to understand how natural selection works. Our goal is to provide a field guide for social scientists on teaching evolution, based on research in cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, and education. We synthesize what is known about the psychological obstacles to understanding evolution, methods for assessing evolution understanding, and pedagogical strategies for improving evolution understanding. We review what is known about teaching evolution about nonhuman species and then explore implications of these findings for the teaching of evolution about humans. By leveraging our knowledge of how to teach evolution in general, we hope to motivate and equip social scientists to begin teaching evolution in the context of their own field.

Situating Tribes in History: Lessons from the Archives and the Social Sciences

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-476
Author(s):  
Nadav Samin
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
Official Records

The tribe presents a problem for the historian of the modern Middle East, particularly one interested in personalities, subtleties of culture and society, and other such “useless” things. By and large, tribes did not leave their own written records. The tribal author is a phenomenon of the present or the recent past. There are few twentieth century tribal figures comparable to the urban personalities to whose writings and influence we owe our understanding of the social, intellectual, and political history of the modern Middle East. There is next a larger problem of record keeping to contend with: the almost complete inaccessibility of official records on the postcolonial Middle East. It is no wonder that political scientists and anthropologists are among the best regarded custodians of the region's twentieth century history; they know how to make creative and often eloquent use of drastically limited tools. For many decades, suspicious governments have inhibited historians from carrying out the duties of their vocation. This is one reason why the many rich and original new monographs on Saddam Hussein's Iraq are so important. If tribes are on the margins of the records, and the records themselves are off limits, then one might imagine why modern Middle Eastern tribes are so poorly conceived in the scholarly imagination.

Racial Worldmaking

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Mark C. Jerng
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Popular Fiction ◽  
Racial Formation ◽  
Race And Racism ◽  
Formation Theory ◽  
Humanities And Social Sciences ◽  
Historical Accounts

This introduction describes the theory and method of racial worldmaking. Critiquing the dominant approach of racial formation theory for analyzing race in the humanities and social sciences, it distinguishes an approach based on racial salience - how, when, and where we notice race. It describes the interrelations among genre and race in terms of larger theories of worldbuilding. The archive of popular fiction from 1893 to the present is established and linked to major, overlooked modes of black and Asiatic racialization. This archive challenges prominent historical accounts of race and racism in the twentieth century.

{ Epilogue }

2021 ◽  
pp. 211-220
Author(s):  
John Evelev
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
The West ◽  
Regional Dialects ◽  
Reconstruction Era ◽  
Entire Nation ◽  
William Cullen ◽  
Fictional Story

The discourse of the picturesque reshaped how Americans understood their landscape, but it largely ended in the mid-1870s. The decline of the picturesque can be illustrated in two emblematic works: Constance Fenimore Woolson’s 1872 short story “In Search of the Picturesque” and William Cullen Bryant’s enormous 1874 scenery book Picturesque America. Woolson’s fictional story is a satire of travel in which a young urban woman accompanies her grandfather to the countryside “in search of the picturesque” and instead only finds development. This story signals the shift in literary interest in rural subjects toward regionalism. Regionalism disavowed the earlier focus on picturesque landscapes, instead featuring distinctive regional dialects and cultural practices that reflected the newly created social sciences. Bryant’s Picturesque America was a Reconstruction-era project aimed at reconnecting the divided nation through a nonhierarchical unification under the sign of “picturesque.” Adding not only the West but also the South to the compendium of American scenery, Picturesque America imagined the entire nation as picturesque. In this formulation, the picturesque became synonymous with landscape in general. Although the picturesque lost its appeal as an authoritative discourse for shaping the American landscape in the latter third of the nineteenth century, this book demonstrates that the spaces that dominated American life in the twentieth century and beyond are owed almost entirely to the transformative project of the mid-nineteenth-century picturesque.

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 333-337
Author(s):  
Theodore M. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Intellectual Character ◽  
Statistical Mathematics ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
Structure Of Knowledge

This concluding chapter addresses how statistics has assumed the trappings of a modern academic discipline primarily during the last half century. The intellectual character of statistics had been thoroughly transformed by 1900. The period when statistical thinking was allied only to the simplest mathematics gave way to a period of statistical mathematics—which, to be sure, has not been divorced from thinking. In the twentieth century, statistics has at last assumed at least the appearance of conforming to that hierarchical structure of knowledge beloved by philosophers and sociologists in which theory governs practice and in which the “advanced” field of mathematics provides a solid foundation for the “less mature” biological and social sciences. The crystallization of a mathematical statistics out of the wealth of applications developed during the nineteenth century provides the natural culmination to this story.

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