REPERCUSSIONS OF THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS

AbstractObjectiveTo establish the food consumption, dietary habits and nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and adults whose HIV status is not established.DesignCross-sectional descriptive survey.SettingThika and Bungoma Districts, Kenya.SubjectsA random sample of 439 adults; 174 adults living with HIV/AIDS and 265 adults whose HIV/AIDS status was not established in Thika and Bungoma Districts.ResultsMajority of PLWHA consume foods that are low in nutrients to build up the immune system and help maintain adequate weight, and there is little variety in the foods they consume. More adults who are HIV-positive are undernourished than those whose status is not established. Of the HIV-positive adults, those with a BMI of ≤18·5 kg/m2 were 23·6 % (Thika 20·0 % and Bungoma 25·7 %) while of the adults whose status is not established those with BMI ≤ 18·5 kg/m2 were 13·9 % (Thika 9·3 % and Bungoma 16·7 %).ConclusionsAdults who are HIV-positive are more likely to be undernourished than those whose status is not established, as there is a significant difference (P = 0·000) between the nutritional status (BMI) of PLWHA and those whose HIV/AIDS status is not established. PLWHA consume foods that are low in nutrients to promote their nutritional well-being and health.

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STATUS GIZI, AKTIVITAS FISIK, PERSEPSI MANFAAT, DAN HAMBATAN PEMENUHAN ASUPAN GIZI ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS

GIZI INDONESIA ◽

10.36457/gizindo.v44i1.556 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 41-54

Author(s):

Forman Novrindo Sidjabat ◽

Nining Tyas Triatmaja ◽

Amelia Bevi

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Activity Level ◽

Nutritional Intake ◽

Vitamin B ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

One of the efforts to improve the quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is to maintain optimal nutritional status so that it can increase immunity to infection and disease, increase energy and be more productive. This study aims to describe the nutritional status, physical activity, and perceived benefits and barriers to fulfilling the nutritional intake of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). This research was a descriptive study using mixed methods. Data were collected on 5 female PLWH informants using a 2x24 hour food recall to determine consumption patterns and measure nutritional status based on BMI and the adequacy of nutritional intake (macro includes energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates; and micro including Vit. A, Vit. B, Vit. C, Zn); and the calculation of physical activity used the Physical Activity Level (PAL). In-depth interviews were conducted to explore perceived the benefits and barriers of PLWHA to fulfilling their nutritional needs and were analyzed using the Rapid and Rigorous Qualitative Data Analysis technique with triangulation informant. The BMI status of informants was 3 normal informants, 1 overweight informant, and 1 obese informant. Types of physical activity carried out were 4 informants doing light physical activity and 1 informant doing moderate physical activity. The frequency of eating the seams of informants is 3 times a day and the number of informants with normal adequacy of fat and energy intake is 1 informant each and 2 informants protein, carbohydrate nutrition intake is not sufficient. The adequacy of normal micronutrients is vitamin b for 2 informants, vitamin c, and b for 1 informant each. The informants know that nutrients can increase immunity, but the types of consumption by the informants have not varied. Assistance services, counseling, and nutrition education are also needed during the HIV / AIDS treatment process.ABSTRAKSalah satu upaya meningkatkan kualitas hidup Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) adalah mempertahankan status gizi optimal sehingga dapat meningkatkan kekebalan terhadap infeksi dan penyakit, peningkatan energi dan akan lebih produktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan status gizi, aktivitas fisik, serta persepsi manfaat dan hambatan pemenuhan asupan gizi orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif menggunakan metode campuran. Data dikumpulkan pada 5 informan ODHA perempuan dengan menggunakan food recall 2x24 jam untuk mengetahui pola konsumsi dan mengukur status gizi berdasar pada IMT dan kecukupan asupan gizi (makro meliputi energi, protein, lemak, karbohidrat; dan mikro meliputi vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, Zn); perhitungan aktivitas fisik menggunakan Physical Activity Level (PAL). Wawancara mendalam dilakukan untuk menggali persepsi manfaat dan hambatan ODHA mencukupi kebutuhan gizi dan dianalisa menggunakan teknik Rapid and Rigorous Qualitative Data Analysis dengan informan triangulasi. Status IMT informan adalah 3 informan normal, 1 informan gemuk, dan 1 informan obesitas. Jenis aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan adalah 4 informan melakukan aktivitas fisik ringan dan 1 informan melakukan aktivitas fisik sedang. Frekuensi makan keliman informan sebanyak 3x sehari dan jumlah informan dengan kecukupan normal pada asupan lemak dan energi masing-masing 1 informan dan protein sebanyak 2 informan, asupan gizi karbohidrat tidak tercukupi. Kecukupan gizi mikro normal adalah vitamin B pada 2 informan, vitamin C dan B masing-masing 1 informan. Informan mengetahui zat gizi dapat meningkatkan kekebalan tubuh tapi jenis konsumsi informan belum beragam. Diperlukan juga layanan pendampingan, konseling dan edukasi gizi, selama proses pengobatan HIV/AIDS.Kata kunci: HIV/AIDS, ODHA, angka kecukupan gizi

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Nutritional Status and Health Characteristics of People Living with HIV/AIDS

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2021.7607 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (T6) ◽

pp. 153-158

Author(s):

Siti Ulfah Rifa'atul Fitri ◽

Kusman Ibrahim ◽

Siti Sandra Liani ◽

Laili Rahayuwati ◽

Yusshy Kurnia Herliani

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Good Condition ◽

Nutrition Status ◽

Physical Aspect ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Choice ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

The Relationship ◽

Hiv Aids

Background: Diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection may impact the individual's life, including the physical aspect such as the length of HIV diagnosed, WHO stage, the ART, and the psychological aspect such as the level of stress. People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) have an increased need for energy but they have symptoms of lack of nutrition intake. Therefore, PLWHA has a risk of low nutrition status. The aims of this study were to examine the relationship between nutritional status and health characteristics among HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical design was conducted among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in outpatients’ hospital. A purposive sampling method was used and the sample size was 78 respondents. Data were collected using questionnaire of were the socio-demographic, health characteristic, and nutritional status. The cross-tabulation calculations used chi-square were presented to identify the relationship between nutritional status and health characteristics. Results: The majority of respondents had good health characteristics include the length of HIV diagnosis more than 6 months (79.5%), clinical WHO stage I (61.5%), no stress level (94.9%), and the first choice of ART (83.3%). The nutritional status reported that the majority of the respondents had normal BMI (61.5%), MUAC not at risk (>23,5 cm) (71.8%), and a moderate level of energy intake (37.2%). There were no significant associations between the nutritional status and health characteristics (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The good condition of health characteristics among PLWHA in this study impacted the level the nutritional status.

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Health, Nutrition and Treatment Compliance of People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) at the Liberian Government Hospital in Buchanan, Grand Bassa County, Liberia

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health ◽

10.9734/ijtdh/2021/v42i930485 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 47-59

Author(s):

Arthureen Tina Nessian ◽

Leila S. Africa ◽

Jaidee P. Agne ◽

Kristine V. Montecillo

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Opportunistic Infections ◽

Treatment Compliance ◽

Nutrition Status ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Government Hospital ◽

Acute Hiv Infection ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Aims: To assess the nutritional and health status, and compliance with treatment and health services of adult people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) attending Liberian Government Hospital (LGH). Study Design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: LGH, Buchanan, Grand Bassa County, 2018 Methodology: The survey was conducted among 90 adults PLWHA. Results: The majority had acute HIV infection, and tuberculosis and herpes zoster were the most contracted opportunistic infections. Although the majority had normal nutritional status, malnutrition was still observed especially among the women. Most had poor diet diversity and claimed to have faced challenges, mainly monetary concerns, while some experienced other traumatic events. A few also showed indications of self-harm. Moreover, they generally have a good health condition and medication adherence and demonstrated substantial knowledge about the disease and its treatment. Compliance was found to be associated with the health status of the participants, but not with their nutrition status, socio-economic and other characteristics. Conclusion: The results provide an insight into the nutritional status and compliance of the adult PLWHA in Liberia. It is hoped that this study would be useful in crafting and enhancing existing intervention programs and policies promoting the better quality of life of adult PLWHA in the country.

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Factors associated with undernourishment among people 20 years old or over with HIV/AIDS, attending public health services in the São Paulo municipality, Brazil

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/0102-311x00174513 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 30 (12) ◽

pp. 2578-2586 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katia Cristina Bassichetto ◽

Denise Pimentel Bergamaschi ◽

Vania Regina Salles Garcia ◽

Maria Amélia de Sousa Mascena Veras

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Health Department ◽

Nutritional Risk ◽

World Health ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Public Health Services ◽

Health Organization ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Municipal Health ◽

Hiv Aids

The study evaluated the nutritional status of 629 people living with HIV/AIDS attended at 12 specialized services of São Paulo's Municipal Health Department, Brazil. Data were obtained from medical records and through interviews during nutritional consultation. We used the classification criteria established by World Health Organization to assess malnourished individuals, a BMI < 18.5kg/m2. The prevalence of malnutrition in people with AIDS is 3.12 times that observed among people with HIV, and among people with co-infection it is 3.41 times that obtained among people without co-infection. This indicates how these conditions can harm the maintenance of the nutritional status, and shows that they demand a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms involved in this phenomenon, as well as the development of strategies to improve the health care of individuals at nutritional risk.

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Nutritional and health status of people living with HIV/AIDS in the eastern region of Ghana

Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.1108/nfs-05-2019-0145 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 765-783

Author(s):

Francis Kwotua Apungu ◽

Charles Apprey ◽

Emmanuel Kobla Atsu Amewu ◽

Samuel Terkper Ahuno ◽

Alexander Kwarteng

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Health Status ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

High Viral Load ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Content Type ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Purpose The purpose of the study is to assess the nutritional and health status of people living with HIV/AIDS (18-60 years) in selected health facilities in the eastern region of Ghana and to determine the influence nutrition support programmes (NSP) have on the nutritional and health status of people living with HIV/AIDS. Design/methodology/approach A retrospective study design was used. Purposive and convenience sampling was used to select four hospitals and 200 beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of the NSP. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the sociodemographic, anthropometric, biochemical and clinical history of the participants. Dietary intake was assessed with food frequency and 24-h dietary intake questionnaires. Previous data from the medical record within three to six months before the research was collected and compared with current data. Findings The prevalence of underweight (using body mass index) was 17 per cent and overweight/obesity was 37 per cent. Most respondents had adequate consumption of phosphorus (70.5 per cent); inadequate intake of calcium (95 per cent), vitamin E (77.5 per cent) and vitamin A (94 per cent); and excess intakes of sodium (93 per cent), selenium (77 per cent), copper (83.5 per cent) and manganese (76 per cent). There was no significant difference in nutrient intake of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of the NSP, although there were significant differences in the frequency of consumption of fruits (p < 0.001), vegetables (p < 0.001), legumes (p = 0.002), animal foods (p < 0.001) and cereals, grains and starch (p < 0.001) between beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of NSP. About 38 and 20 per cent of respondents, respectively, had low haemoglobin (Hb < 11 g/dL) and high viral load (1,000 cp/mL). Comparing the current and previous (three to six months before the study) health and nutritional status of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of NSP, among the beneficiaries of NSP, monocytes increased by 40.6 per cent (p = 0.028) and mean weight decreased by 2.4 per cent (p = 0.007), Hb decreased by 7.1 per cent (p = 0.27) and viral load decreased by 4.2 per cent (p = 0.49), whereas among the non-beneficiaries, mean weight decreased by 0.05 per cent (p = 0.95) and Hb increased by 9.6 per cent (p = 0.06) and monocytes increased (p = 0.28) and viral load increased by 98.2 per cent (p = 0.34). Research limitations/implications A significant proportion of people living with HIV/AIDS had a high prevalence of underweight and overweight/obesity, inadequate nutrients intake and high viral load. The NSP for people living with HIV/AIDS in the eastern region of Ghana did not significantly influence the nutritional and health status of these people. Practical implications Knowing the nutritional status will help health institutions plan activities towards improving the health and nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS. This research is aimed at not only contributing to the existing body of knowledge but also making recommendations of action towards improving NSPs of people living with HIV/AIDS. Social implications Improvement in nutritional and health status of people living with HIV/AIDS will help reduce morbidity and mortality and its related cost to families, communities and the nation. Originality/value This study is first to determine the influence of NSPs on nutritional and health status of people living with HIV/AIDS in the eastern region of Ghana.

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Nutritional status and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in Ghana: cross-sectional study of highly active antiretroviral therapy clients

BMC Nutrition ◽

10.1186/s40795-021-00418-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Beauty Mawuenam Nanewortor ◽

Farrukh Ishaque Saah ◽

Prince Kubi Appiah ◽

Hubert Amu ◽

Kwaku Kissah-Korsah

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Highly Active ◽

Good Nutrition ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Nutrition among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is essential in their care and management as it has implication for their immune function. We examined the nutritional status and associated factors among HIV positive clients accessing Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) at a public hospital in Ghana. Methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 152 clients. Anthropometric measurements for weight and height were carried out in 2019. Data were analysed using SPSS 22.0. Descriptive and analytical statistics comprising frequency, percentage, and binary logistic regression were adopted in presenting the results. Results Seventy-nine percent and 74% of the clients had good nutrition knowledge and attitude, respectively. Also, 42% were malnourished (underweight = 13.8%, and overweight = 28.3%). Clients with primary (AOR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.07–1.84), JSS/JHS (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.08–0.84), SSS/SHS (AOR = 0.22, 95% CI = 0.05–1.02) and tertiary (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.08–0.88) were less likely to be malnourished compared with those with no formal education. Those with good nutrition-related knowledge were 56% (AOR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.18–1.09) less likely to be malnourished than those with poor knowledge; this was however, not statistically significant. Conclusion We found a high prevalence of malnutrition among the clients which militates against progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goal targets 3.3 and 3.4 of stopping AIDS epidemic and preventing premature deaths from malnutrition. Our findings justify the need for the implementation of innovative interventions by stakeholders in Ghana’s health industry to improve the nutritional status of people living with the disease.

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Principles of Providing Nutrition to People Living with HIV/AIDS : a Literature Review

Critical Medical and Surgical Nursing Journal ◽

10.20473/cmsnj.v10i2.30581 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 62

Author(s):

Ninuk Dian Kurniawati ◽

Adi Sukma Septiana ◽

Muhammad Iqbal ◽

Laely Sholihah ◽

Dyah Sekaringtyas Ciptaningrum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Opportunistic Infections ◽

Ideal Body Weight ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Disease ◽

Protein Energy ◽

Poor Nutritional Status ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Introduction: Inadequate nutritional status in a person with HIV-AIDS (PLWHA) has a high risk of declining health in general. If a person is infected with HIV but has a good nutritional status, his immune system will be better than someone who is infected with HIV but has poor nutritional status. With good nutritional status, it can prevent HIV disease from entering the AIDS stage. Malnutrition that occurs in a person with HIV/AIDS can accelerate the progression of HIV disease and hinder treatment, thereby worsening the patient's condition. The use of Antiretroviral (ARV) has an effect that can worsen a person's condition if it is not accompanied by good nutritional intake.Methods: The method used in this study is a literature review with predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sample: The total number of samples obtained from the results of the literature review is 128 respondents. The instrument used in evaluating the research is using an instrument from The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Results: Protein-energy enriched macronutrient supplementation along with ARV initiation was effective in improving physiological nutritional status and immune response in PLWHA.Conclusion: This can prevent people living with HIV from experiencing malnutrition and wasting, can restore the ideal body weight, increase and maintain the body's ability to fight various opportunistic infections, increase the effect of drugs, and can improve and improve the quality of life of PLWHA patients

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