scholarly journals Comparison of Rapid Antibody Test and Thorax Computed Tomography Results in Patients who Underwent RT-PCR with the Pre-Diagnosis of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
İlker Kızıloglu ◽  
Aslı Şener ◽  
Neslihan Siliv
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Thorax Ct ◽  
Rapid Antibody

Introduction: In this study, it is planned to compare the RT-PCR test, which is the gold standard in the diagnosis of COVID-19, with Thorax computed tomography (CT) and rapid antibody test results. Methods: Patients who were admitted to the emergency service of İzmir Çiğli Training and Research Hospital between 01.04.2020 and 31.05.2020 and who were suspected of having COVID-19 infection were included in the study. The medical records of the patients were retrospectively analyzed through the hospital data processing database. Age, gender, hospitalization, status of home quarantine, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), thorax CT and rapid antibody test results of the patients were examined. The relationship between RT-PCR, thorax CT and rapid antibody test results were compared statistically. Results: A total of 181 patients, 115 (63.5%) male and 66 (36.5%) female, with an average age of 56.4 ± 18.06 years were included in the study. The nasopharyngeal swab PCR result obtained at the first admission of the patients to the emergency department was positive in 71 (39.2%) patients. Thorax CT was performed in 173 (95.6%) patients who applied to the emergency department, and 112 (64.7%) of them had findings that could be compatible with COVID-19. According to the thorax CT findings in patients, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for detecting COVID-19 infection were respectively; 76.1%, 43.1%, 48.2% and 72.1% (ĸ: 0.176, p <0.001). In our study, the mortality rate for COVID-19 was found to be 2.8%. Conclusion: Rapid antibody test and thorax CT examinations were found to have low diagnostic value in patients who admitted to the emergency department of our hospital and whose first RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 test was positive. Studies involving larger patient groups are needed for their use alone in diagnosis and screening.

Accuracy of Computed Tomography for Detection of COVID-19 among Suspected Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2474-2476
Author(s):  
Maham Munir Awan ◽  
Afshan Noreen ◽  
Farah Kalsoom ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Umaima Majeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
True Positive ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Radiological Society ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Pcr Test

Objective: To determine the accuracy of CT chest in diagnosis of COVID-19 taking RT-PCR-testing as gold standard. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 patients of suspicion of COVID-19 who were referred for CT Chest in Radiology Department of Nishtar Medical University Multan from June-2020 to May-2021 were included. In all patients, two RT-PCR test results were obtained with 7 days of admission in hospital. Presence of any of these positive was labelled as COVID-19 infection. CT chest was performed in all patients within 2 days of admission in hospital using 128 slices CT scan machine. The diagnosis of COVID-19 infection was made according to the recommendations by Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) protocol. Results: Mean age was 51.3±14.7 years. 78 (52%) patients were male and 72 (48%) patients were female. RTPCR test was positive in 89 (59.3%) patients. While the CT chest findings were suggestive of COVID-19 infection in 130 (86.7%) patients. The sensitivity of CT chest was 95.5%, specificity 26.2%, PPV wad 65.4% and NPV was 80.0%. Conclusion: CT chest has a very good sensitivity for detection of COVID-19, it can be used as a rapid diagnostic tool especially in areas of pandemic. However, the specificity of CT chest is low, that can limit its use in low COVID-19 affected areas. Keywords: COVID-19, Computed tomography, False Positive, True Positive, Positive Predictive Value, Negative Predictive Value.

scholarly journals Validation of rapid antibody (IgG-IgM) test kit for SARS COV-2 infection in Qatar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesha Mundodan ◽  
Samina Hasnain ◽  
Hayat Khogali ◽  
Soha Shawqi Al Bayat ◽  
Dina Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Rapid Antibody

Background: In response to the growing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the shortage of laboratory based molecular testing capacity and reagents, multiple diagnostic test manufacturers have developed rapid and easy to use devices to facilitate testing outside laboratory settings. These kits are either based on detection of proteins from SARS-CoV-2 virus or detection of antigen or human antibodies generated in response to the infection. However, it is important to understand their performance characteristics and they must be validated in the local population setting.Design and Methods: The objective is to assess the validity of the rapid test for IgG and IgM immunoglobulins compared to the current gold standard reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. A total of 16951 asymptomatic individuals were tested by the Ministry of Public Health track-and-trace team using both rapid immunodiagnostic test and RT-PCR as part of screening across various random settings with potential risk of community interaction prior to gradual lifting of restrictions in Qatar.  Rapid test was considered to be posiive if both IgG and IgM are positive, while only IgG/IgM positive was considered as rapid test negative. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated.Results: The sensitivity of rapid test kit was found to be 0.9%, whereas the specificity was found to be 97.8%. the PPV was found to be 0.3% whereas the NPV was found to be 99.4%.Conclusion: Based on the outcome and results of the study, it appears that the sensitivity and PPV of the rapid antibody test are low. As such, this test is not recommended for use to assist in taking clinic-based decisions or decisions related to quarantine/isolation.

scholarly journals Alternative or Complementary Role of Serological Rapid Antibody Test in the Management of Possible COVID-19 Cases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Yildirim ◽  
Pinar Yildiz Gulhan ◽  
Ozlem Ercen Diken ◽  
Aylin Capraz ◽  
Meltem Simsek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rapid Antibody

Background: Although the gold diagnostic method for COVID-19 is accepted as the detection of viral particles by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), serology testing for SARS-CoV-2 is at increased demand. A primary aim for utilization of serological tests are to better quantify the number of COVID-19 cases including those RT-PCR samples were negative but showing clinical and radiological signs of COVID-19. In this study, we aimed to report the features of the patients that were diagnosed and treated as possible COVID-19 cases whose multiple nasopharyngeal swab samples were negative by RT-PCR but serological IgM/IgG antibody against SARS-CoV-2 were detected by rapid antibody test. Method: We retrospectively analyzed eighty suspected COVID-19 cases that have at least two negative consecutive COVID-19 PCR test and were subjected to serological rapid antibody test. Result: The specific antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were detected as positive in twenty-two patients. The mean age of patient group was 63.2+-13.1 years old with male /female ratio 11/11. Cough was the most common symptom with 90.9%. Most common presenting chest CT findings were bilateral ground glass opacities (77.2%) and alveolar consolidations (50.09%). The mean duration from symptom initiation to hospital admission, to hospitalization, to treatment initiation and to detection of antibody positivity were 8.6 +- 7.2, 11.2 +- 5.4, 7.9 +- 3.2 and 24 +- 17 days, respectively. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated the feasibility of COVID-19 diagnosis based on rapid antibody test in the cases of patients whose RT-PCR samples were negative. We suggest that the detection of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 with rapid antibody test should be included in the diagnostic algorithm in suspected COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of rapid antibody test and chest computed tomography results of COVID-19 patients: A retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ozturk ◽  
Taylan Bozok ◽  
Tugce Simsek Bozok
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Chest Ct Scan ◽  
Rapid Antibody

AbstractBackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to spread around the world. Therefore, rapid, simpler, and more accurate diagnostic tests are urgently needed to diagnose the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the SARS-CoV-2 IgM/ IgG rapid antibody test results in symptomatic patients with COVID-19 and their chest computed tomography (CT) data.MethodsA total of 320 patients admitted to our hospital for different durations due to COVID-19 were included in the study. Serum samples were obtained within 0 to 7 days from COVID-19 patients confirmed by RT-PCR and chest CT scan. According to the SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR results, the patients included in the study were divided into two groups: PCR positive group (n=46), and PCR negative group (n=274).ResultsOf the 320 COVID-19 serum samples, IgM, IgG, and IgM/IgG were detected in 9.4%, 3.1%, and 17.8% within one week respectively. IgG/IgM antibodies were not detected in 69.7% of the patients. In the study, it was determined that 249 (77.8%) of 320 patients had positive chest CT scans. Four (5.6%) of 100 patients with negative chest CT scan had IgM positive and 2 (2.8%) had both IgM/ IgG positive. IgM was detected in 23 (9.2%), IgG in 1 (0.4%) and IgM/IgG in 35 (14%) of chest CT scan positive patients. The rate of CT findings in patients with antibody positivity (n=97) was found to be significantly higher than those with antibody negativity.ConclusionsThe results of the present study show the accurate and equivalent performance of serological antibody assays and chest CT in detecting SARS-CoV-2 0 to 7 days from the onset of COVID19 symptoms. When the RT-PCR is not available, we believe that the combination of immunochromatographic test and chest CT scan can increase diagnostic sensitivity for COVID-19.

scholarly journals Effect of COVID-19 on computed tomography usage and critical test results in the emergency department: an observational study

CMAJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. E568-E576
Author(s):  
Minu Agarwal ◽  
Amar Udare ◽  
Michael Patlas ◽  
Milita Ramonas ◽  
Amer A. Alaref ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Critical Test

scholarly journals Potential applications of the rapid COVID-19 antibody test kit screening in comparison to the RT-PCR in patients and personnel at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amarin Narkwichean ◽  
Wittaya Jomoui ◽  
Wipada Laosooksathit ◽  
Tanawin Nopsopon ◽  
Krit Pongpirul
Keyword(s):  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Rapid Antibody

Objective To explore potential applications of the rapid antibody test for COVID-19 screening, in comparison to RT-PCR, for emergency obstetric and gynecological procedures, and medical personnel in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in expected 290 participants: 230 patients and 60 medical staff, during the four-month national COVID-19 outbreak period (Aug-Sep 2020, and Dec 2020-Jan 2021). All participants underwent both rapid antibody tests and RT-PCR (at admission for patients). Results A total of 270 participants completed the study. Fever and URI symptoms were present in 6/210 patients (2.8%) while one patient (0.5%) had a history of traveling to a high-risk area. However, only two (1%) asymptomatic patients had positive IgM results. Concerning the medical personnel, 10% fell into the patient under investigation (PUI) category. 4/60 (6.7%) IgM positive was observed in the staff cohort in which 3/4 came from non-PUI participants. Neither participant had RT-PCR positive demonstrating a 1.9% total false positive rate. Conclusion Rapid point-of-care antibody test can be used to screen either a pregnant coming for delivery, a patient who requires urgent/emergency operative procedures, or medical personnel, at least in the defined lower-prevalence COVID-19 situation.

scholarly journals Evaluation Of Clinical, Laboratory And Radiological Findings In Pediatric Covid-19 Cases And Their Relation With RT-PCR Result

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammet Asena ◽  
ilyas yolbaş ◽  
murat Kanğın
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Pcr Test

Background: The pandemic of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues to be a major health problem globally. In this study, clinical findings, radiological findings, laboratory findings and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results were evaluated according to age groups in pediatric patients with COVID-19. Methods: In this study, PCR (+) and PCR (-) 278 cases diagnosed with COVID-19 between March 15, 2020 and September 30, 2020 were assessed considering clinical symptoms, radiological and laboratory findings and RT-PCR test results. Results: 43.9% of the cases consisted of RT-PCR (+) and 56.1% of RT-PCR (-) cases. Fever was observed at the rate of 64.7%, cough 53.2%, respiratory distress 12.2%, myalgia 24.5%, diarrhea 12.9%, chest X-ray findings 48.2% and computed tomography findings 43.6%. Diarrhea and cough, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, leukocyte and lymphocyte elevation were determined as significantly higher in younger age group cases, while high myalgia and neutrophilia was observed in older age group children (p <0.05). Fever, high CRP, leukocytosis frequency, high neutrophil, were significantly higher in PCR(-) cases and the frequency of respiratory distress, high lymphocyte and chest computed tomography findings in PCR(+) cases (p <0.05). Conclusion: COVID-19 infection may indicate different nonspecific clinical, laboratory and radiological findings in children according to both adults and pediatric age groups. In addition, the results of the PCR test may give erroneous results in cases due to conditions such as fever, respiratory distress, high CRP, leukocytosis, high neutrophil and CT finding. Keywords: pediatric, COVID-19, RT-PCR

scholarly journals Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR on a high-throughput molecular diagnostic platform and the cobas SARS-CoV-2 test for the diagnostic of COVID-19 on various clinical samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Onya Opota ◽  
René Brouillet ◽  
Gilbert Greub ◽  
Katia Jaton
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Bronchial Aspirate ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACT Objectives:In order to cope with the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, we introduced on our in-house high-throughput molecular diagnostic platform (MDx Platform) a real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) to detect the SARS-CoV-2 from any clinical specimens. The aim of this study was to compare the RT-PCR results obtain with the MDx Platform and the commercial assay cobas SARS-CoV-2 (Roche) on nasopharyngeal swab and other clinical specimens including sputum, bronchial aspirate, bronchoalveolar lavage and anal swabs. Methods: Samples received in our laboratory from patients suspected of COVID-19 (n = 262) were tested in parallel with our MDx platform SARS-CoV-2 PCR and with the cobas SARS-CoV-2 test. Results: The overall agreement between the two tests for all samples tested was 99.24% (260/262), which corresponded to agreements of 100% (178/178) on nasopharyngeal swabs, 95.45% (42/44) on lower respiratory tract specimen with discordant resultS obtained for very high cycle threshold (Ct) value and 100% (40/40) on anorectal swabs. The Ct values for nasopharyngeal swabs displayed an excellent correlation (R2 &gt; 96%) between both tests. Conclusions: The high agreements between the cobas SARS-CoV-2 test and the MDx platform supports the use of both methods for the diagnostic of COVID-19 on various clinical samples. Very few discrepant results may occur at very low viral load.

scholarly journals Comparison of Tracheal vs Nasopharyngeal Secretions for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Testing in Patients With Tracheostomy

2020 ◽  
pp. 019459982098070
Author(s):  
Anya Costeloe ◽  
Mohammad-Nadim Samad ◽  
Seilesh Babu ◽  
Christopher Metz
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Academic Hospitals ◽  
Viral Testing ◽  
Experimental Group

This study compares nasopharyngeal and tracheal samples for COVID-19 viral testing in patients with a tracheostomy. This was a prospective cohort study done at 2 academic hospitals between March and June 2020. Patients admitted through the emergency department who had a COVID-19 test and an existing tracheostomy or underwent a tracheostomy during the admission period were included. Patients with a positive initial nasopharyngeal swab were placed in the experimental group (n = 8), while those with a negative swab were the control group (n = 7). Nasopharyngeal and tracheal samples underwent COVID-19 testing using the Abbott RealTime SARS-CoV-2 RNA assay. Fourteen patients underwent tracheostomy, and 1 had an existing tracheostomy. The average duration of viral shedding in nasopharyngeal samples was 20.9 days. One patient (6.7%) tested positive in tracheal secretions after a negative nasopharyngeal swab. In the remaining patients (93.3%), the nasopharyngeal and tracheal specimens correlated.

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