scholarly journals Vaccine and vaccination as a part of human life: in view of Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
PV mohanan ◽  
KB Megha
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Disease Condition ◽  
Substantial Control

Vaccination created a breakthrough towards the improvement to the global health. The development of vaccine and their practice made a substantial control in infectious diseases. The emergence of new vaccines has facilitated targeting populations to alleviate and eliminate contagious pathogens from their innate reservoir. However, along with the infections like malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), effective immunisation remains obscure and imparts a great challenge unto the realm of science. The vaccines developed after utilizing plant based system supported technology comprises the incorporation of the preferred genes to express the specific protein (antigen) for a particular disease condition into the genome of plant tissues using several techniques. Though plant-supported vaccines propose several benefits to the vaccine industry, still there remain challenges that limit the rate of effective production of vaccines of this third-generation. A novel Corona virus SARS-CoV-2 reason for causing Corona virus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) crashed the human population and rapidly spread round the world within the half of 2020 created a worldwide epidemic. The need for establishing a protected and compelling COVID-19 immunization is a global requirement to end this pandemic. Even though there exist lot of limitations, continuous efforts has put forward so as to develop highly competent and effective vaccine for many human and animal linked diseases due to its unlimited prospective. This review article focus on the historical outlook and the development of the vaccine as it is a crucial area of research where the life of the human is saved from various potential dise

scholarly journals Pendidikan Tinggi di Masa dan Pasca Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
Franciscus Dwikotjo Sri Sumantyo
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Human Life ◽  
World Health ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Beginning at the end of 2019 in various countries around the world and in Indonesia during the period of February 2020 has been shocked by a spectacular outbreak of a virus called Corona or Covid-19 (Corona Virus Diseases-19). This virus originally existed and developed in Wuhan China and its transmission spread very quickly throughout the world. So that the World Health Organization (WHO)(Jianxi Luo, 2020a), declared a world pandemic. Many victims fell and died, including in Indonesia and disrupt human life plus the unavailability of drugs or antidotes for this virus. All sectors in the world experience tremendous impact and ultimately jointly overcome in various ways so that transmission can be minimized, including in the field of education, especially higher education in Indonesia, many efforts have been made in the conditions and situations of teaching in the period and post-pandemic Covid-19. Government efforts in mobilizing and launching an independent campus and WFH-SFH (Nadiem Anwar Makarim, 2020a) are efforts to reduce and overcome Covid-19 servicing on campus and places of education whose potential is extraordinary, if contracting and other efforts undertaken to solve and explained in this study by each - higher education is an effort to minimize and reduce the impact caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Keywords: Covid-19, pandemic, e-learning, independent campus, Study From Home (SFH)   Abstrak Berawal akhir tahun 2019 di berbagai negara di belahan dunia dan di Indonesia dari bulan Pebruari 2020 telah dikejutkan oleh wabah spektakuler yaitu virus yang bernama Corona atau Covid-19 (Corona Virus Diseases-19). Virus ini awalnya ada dan berkembang di Wuhan China dan penularannya sangat cepat menyebar ke seluruh dunia. Sehingga oleh World Health Organization (WHO) (Jianxi Luo, 2020a), menyatakan pandemi dunia. Korban banyak berjatuhan dan meninggal dunia termasuk di Indonesia dan mengganggu kehidupan manusia ditambah belum tersedianya obat atau penangkal virus ini. Semua sektor di dunia mengalami dampak yang luar biasa dan pada akhirnya bersama-sama mengatasi dengan berbagai cara agar penularannya bisa diminimalisir, termasuk dalam bidang pendidikan, khususnya pendidikan tinggi di Indonesia telah banyak dilakukan upaya dalam kondisi dan situasi pengajaran di masa dan pasca pandemi Covid-19. Upaya pemerintah dalam menggerakkan dan mencanangkan kampus merdeka dan WFH-SFH (Nadiem Anwar Makarim, 2020a) adalah upaya untuk mengurangi dan mengatasi penyebaran Covid-19 di dalam kampus dan tempat pendidikan yang potensinya sangat luar biasa jika tertular dan upaya-upaya lain yang dilakukan untuk penanggulangannya dan dijelaskan dalam studi ini oleh masing-masing pendidikan tinggi adalah upaya dalam meminimalisir dan mengurangi dampak yang terjadi akibat pandemi Covid-19 ini. Kata Kunci: Covid-19, pandemi, pembelajaran online, kampus merdeka, belajar dari rumah

COVID-19 in patients suffering from Cancer: Review article

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1494-1499
Author(s):  
Shahid Ahmad Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Cancer Review ◽  
Ideal System ◽  
Lethal Infection ◽  
Set Up

The episode of Covid19 (CORONA VIRUS) has become one of the greatest worldwide dangers around the world, which has now tainted over 1.7 million individuals with deaths of over 100,000 lives far & wide. Under these extraordinary conditions, there are no entrenched rules for cancer patients. The danger for genuine infection & passing in CORONA VIRUS cases increments with propelling age & existing co-morbid medical issue. After the rise of primary suspects in China during last month of 2019, enormous exploration endeavors have been in progress to comprehend the instruments of infectivity & contagiousness of coronavirus, a lethal infection liable for wretched endurance results. To limit the death rate, it gets judicious to distinguish indications quickly & utilize medicines suitably. Despite the fact that no fix has been set up, different clinical preliminaries are in progress to decide the most ideal system. Overseeing patients with cancer in these conditions is a fair task, considering their weak immune status & their ill health. Through this thorough audit, we talk about the effect of CORONA VIRUS on wellbeing & the immune system of who are infected, assessing the most recent care plan draws near & progressing clinical preliminaries. Also, we talk about difficulties confronted while treating cancer patients & propose possible ways to deal with these weak populace during pandemic.

Critical Insight into the Attributes of Emerging Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) in India and Across the World

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Gaurav M. Doshi ◽  
Hemen S. Ved ◽  
Ami P. Thakkar
Keyword(s):  
Review Article ◽  
World Health ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Human Contact ◽  
The World ◽  
Critical Insight ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Old Drugs

The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently announced the spread of novel coronavirus (nCoV) globally and has declared it a pandemic. The probable source of transmission of the virus, which is from animal to human and human to human contact, has been established. As per the statistics reported by the WHO on 11th April 2020, data has shown that more than sixteen lakh confirmed cases have been identified globally. The reported cases related to nCoV in India have been rising substantially. The review article discusses the characteristics of nCoV in detail with the probability of potentially effective old drugs that may inhibit the virus. The research may further emphasize and draw the attention of the world towards the development of an effective vaccine as well as alternative therapies. Moreover, the article will help to bridge the gap between the new researchers since it’s the current thrust area of research.

scholarly journals Application of Advanced Nanomaterials for Kidney Failure Treatment and Regeneration

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2939
Author(s):  
Aziz Eftekhari ◽  
Solmaz Maleki Dizaj ◽  
Elham Ahmadian ◽  
Agata Przekora ◽  
Seyed Mahdi Hosseiniyan Khatibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Blood Purification ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Drug Solubility ◽  
Failure Treatment

The implementation of nanomedicine not only provides enhanced drug solubility and reduced off-target adverse effects, but also offers novel theranostic approaches in clinical practice. The increasing number of studies on the application of nanomaterials in kidney therapies has provided hope in a more efficient strategy for the treatment of renal diseases. The combination of biotechnology, material science and nanotechnology has rapidly gained momentum in the realm of therapeutic medicine. The establishment of the bedrock of this emerging field has been initiated and an exponential progress is observed which might significantly improve the quality of human life. In this context, several approaches based on nanomaterials have been applied in the treatment and regeneration of renal tissue. The presented review article in detail describes novel strategies for renal failure treatment with the use of various nanomaterials (including carbon nanotubes, nanofibrous membranes), mesenchymal stem cells-derived nanovesicles, and nanomaterial-based adsorbents and membranes that are used in wearable blood purification systems and synthetic kidneys.

scholarly journals Induction of Mucosal Protection against Primary, Heterologous Simian Immunodeficiency Virus by a DNA Vaccine

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 3309-3317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Heydenburg Fuller ◽  
Premeela A. Rajakumar ◽  
Lawrence A. Wilson ◽  
Anita M. Trichel ◽  
James T. Fuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Mucosal Protection ◽  
Mucosal Transmission ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT An effective vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) should protect against mucosal transmission of genetically divergent isolates. As a safe alternative to live attenuated vaccines, the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine containing simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strain 17E-Fr (SIV/17E-Fr) gag-pol-env was analyzed in rhesus macaques. Significant levels of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), but low to undetectable serum antibody responses, were observed following multiple immunizations. SIV-specific mucosal antibodies and CTL were also detected in rectal washes and gut-associated lymphoid tissues, respectively. Vaccinated and naive control monkeys were challenged intrarectally with SIV strain DeltaB670 (SIV/DeltaB670), a primary isolate whose env is 15% dissimilar to that of the vaccine strain. Four of seven vaccinees were protected from infection as determined by the inability to identify viral RNA or DNA sequences in the peripheral blood and the absence of anamnestic antibody responses postchallenge. This is the first report of mucosal protection against a primary pathogenic, heterologous isolate of SIV by using a commercially viable vaccine approach. These results support further development of a DNA vaccine for protection against HIV.

TANTANGAN PANDEMI COVID-19 DAN HOSPITALITAS PENDIDIKAN KRISTIANI DI ERA PANDEMI

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Yermawati Enjhela
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Theory Research

AbstractThe challenges in today’s global word are increasingle surprising human life, especially at the end of 2019, with the emergence of a pendemic, namely the Corona Virus (Covid-19). The emergence of this pandemic raises various concerns for the world and especially for social life. Of these challenges the autor treis to provide various explanations about these challenges and in relation to how our attitudes or interactions with others, especially in the world of cristian education. This article offers an approach using qualitative approach literature in Theological theory research, and qualitive desciptive research, that the application of cristianeducational behavior in responding to chelenges in this pandemic era is the value of applying the faith of a Cristian in social relations between people in the mids of challenges. In times of this pandemic.

scholarly journals Analysis and Prospects of Using Recombinant Vaccinia Virus MVA Strain as a Vector in the Development of the Vaccines against Human and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Diseases

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
L. F. Stovba ◽  
V. T. Krotkov ◽  
D. I. Paveli’ev ◽  
S. A. Mel’nikov ◽  
V. N. Lebedev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Cell Immune Response ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Protective Efficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immunodominant Antigens

The review presents the results of preclinical use of vector vaccines against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) disease. Application of antiretroviral therapy exclusively is insufficient for elimination of HIV from patient’s body. This dictates the need for an effective vaccine which will reduce the number of new cases of the disease and reduce the risk of virus transmission. Current practice of medicinal product development showed the effectiveness of heterologous prime-boost regimens for the induction of expressed immune response in laboratory animals. Various vector constructs were used as priming vaccines: DNA vaccines, Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine, chimpanzee adenovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, alphavirus repli-clone. Booster vaccine was represented by recombinant MVA strain. In all vector vaccines, different genes of immunodominant antigens of HIV and SIV agents were inserted. On rhesus macaques, murine, rabbit models, it was demonstrated that deployed vaccination schemes were safe and induced immune response. Because membrane HIV protein is highly variable, strongly glycoziled and subjected to structural changes during receptor binding, it cannot be viewed as a target for induction of virus neutralized antibodies. Therefore, we mainly studied the cell immune response that was presented by poly-functional CD8+ T-cells. However, some recent researches are aimed at such modification of envelope HIV immunogene that would provide for virus neutralizing antibody induction. The study of protective efficiency of the induced immunity in rhesus macaques, immunized with recombinant vectors expressing SIV’ s immunodominant antigens, in case of subsequent inoculation with virulent SIV strain has revealed that all monkeys developed illness. Assuming that the constructions with SIV’ s immunodominant antigens under protective efficiency testing on rhesus macaques imitate AIDS in humans, it seems that vaccines, developed up-to-date, will not be effective for collective immunity formation against AIDS. Therefore, the search for novel combinations of expressed immunodominant antigens for the inclusion into the composition of priming and booster vaccines remains a priority area at present time.

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