Project Review on Water Level Sensing Using PLC

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Mahfooz ◽  
Mujtaba Memon ◽  
Asim Iftikhar
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Control ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Digital Computer ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Water Tanks

<span>A PLC is a digital computer used to automate electromechanical processes. This research is<span> based on automation of a water tank by using Siemens PLC. Automatic control of water tanks<span> can work continuously and can provide accurate quantity of water in less time. In such process<span> there is no need of labor so there is no human error. Without human error, the quality of product<span> is better and the cost of production would definitely decrease with no error in quantity required.<span> Water level sensing can be implemented in industrial plants, commercial use and even at home<br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span></span></span></span></span>

Cost Effective Monitoring and Automation of Concrete Plant Using PLC

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Mahfooz
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Digital Computer ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Main Motivation ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost

A PLC is a digital computer used to automate electromechanical processes. This research is based on automation and real time monitoring of concrete plant by using Siemens PLC. Automatic plants can work continuously and can decrease the gap between demand and supply. For such plants there is no need of labor so there is no human error. Without human error the quality of product is better and the cost of production would definitely decrease. The main motivation factor of this research is cost effective automation and real time monitoring of plant.

Pengaruh Kompetensi Coder terhadap Keakuratan dan Ketepatan Pengkodean Menggunakan ICD 10 di Rumah Sakit X Pekanbaru Tahun 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Nur Maimun ◽  
Jihan Natassa ◽  
Wen Via Trisna ◽  
Yeye Supriatin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Record ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Study Implementation ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Cost

The accuracy in administering the diagnosis code was the important matter for medical recorder, quality of data was the most important thing for health information management of medical recorder. This study aims to know the coder competency for accuracy and precision of using ICD 10 at X Hospital in Pekanbaru. This study was a qualitative method with case study implementation from five informan. The result show that medical personnel (doctor) have never received a training about coding, doctors writing that hard and difficult to read, failure for making diagnoses code or procedures, doctor used an usual abbreviations that are not standard, theres still an officer who are not understand about the nomenclature and mastering anatomy phatology, facilities and infrastructure were supported for accuracy and precision of the existing code. The errors of coding always happen because there is a human error. The accuracy and precision in coding very influence against the cost of INA CBGs, medical and the committee did most of the work in the case of severity level III, while medical record had a role in monitoring or evaluation of coding implementation. If there are resumes that is not clearly case mix team check file needed medical record the result the diagnoses or coding for conformity. Keywords: coder competency, accuracy and precision of coding, ICD 10

scholarly journals SYSTEM OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF THE LEVEL OF STEAM POWER GENERATORS ON THE BASIS OF THE REGULATION CIRCUIT WITH SMOOTHING OF THE SIGNAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-297
Author(s):  
Dilnoza Umurzakova
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Control ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Steam Generators ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Steam Boilers ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this article is to develop high-quality combined automatic control systems (ACS) for the water level in the drum of steam boilers of thermal power plants (TPPs), which can significantly improve the quality of regulation and increase the efficiency of TPPs in a wide range of load changes. To improve the quality of water level control in the drum of steam generators of nuclear power plants with a pressurized water-cooled power reactor (PWPR), it is proposed to use a combined automatic control system based on a control loop with a correcting PI-controller tuned to a symmetrical optimum, with smoothing the reference signal and device compensation of the most dangerous internal and external measurable disturbances. A technique has been developed for assessing the impact of changes in the quality characteristics of transients of combined self-propelled guns by the water level in the drum of steam boilers and steam generators on the safety, reliability, durability, and efficiency of thermal power equipment of thermal power plants. Comparison was made of direct indicators of the quality of three ACS (typical and three-pulse, digital system with an observer state, and the proposed combined ACS). The simulation results of transients of the proposed and typical three-pulse self-propelled guns confirmed the advantages of the first. ABSTRAK: Artikel ini bertujuan bagi membina sistem kombinasi automatik (ACS) berkualiti tinggi bagi aras air dalam drum dandang stim tenaga terma logi kuasa (TPP). Ini dapat meningkatkan mutu peraturan dan meningkatkan kecekapan TPP secara signifikan dengan pelbagai perubahan beban. Bagi meningkatkan kualiti kawalan aras air dalam drum penjana wap loji kuasa tenaga nuklear dengan reaktor berpendingin air bertekanan (PWPR). Gabungan sistem kawalan automatik berdasarkan gelung kawalan dengan pembetulan PI telah dicadangkan dan diselaraskan simetri secara optimum, dengan melancarkan isyarat rujukan dan pembetulan peranti dari gangguan yang boleh diukur dari dalam dan luar. Satu teknik telah dibina bagi menilai kesan perubahan ciri kualiti transien gabungan berjentera pada aras air di tong dandang stim dan drum penjana wap pada keselamatan, kebolehpercayaan, ketahanan dan kecekapan peralatan tenaga terma loji janakuasa. Perbandingan dibuat pada kualiti tiga ACS (sistem digital khas dan tiga signal dengan keadaan pemerhati dan gabungan ACS yang dicadangkan). Hasil sistem simulasi transien yang dicadangkan dan tiga signal biasa berjentera mengesahkan kelebihan pada yang pertama.

scholarly journals Automatic control of industrial peak loads

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-339
Author(s):  
Marija Kacarska ◽  
Vesna Arnautovski-Toseva ◽  
Sanja Veleva
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Control ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Load Shedding ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control

Automatic control of equipment is anticipated to represent the next logical step in the progression from passive monitoring toward plant wide automation. Automatic transfer functions, load-shedding and load sequencing are expected to find increasing application. In this paper a device named Peak Load for monitoring and control of power consumption in industrial plants is presented. It is a PLC based maxigraph developed upon the analysis of efficient and optimized use of the electrical energy and is planned to be used by medium and big industrial energy consumers with purpose to decrease the cost of their production. .

scholarly journals Automatic Water Tank Filling System with Water Level Indicator

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mr. G. M. Barbade ◽  
◽  
Mr. Shreyas Narendra Chandurkar ◽  
Mr. Vedant Shudhakar Shounak ◽  
Mr. Vaibhav Ram Nimkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Level Indicator ◽  
Level Sensor ◽  
Water Tanks

In this project, we have worked with an indicator on an automatic water level controller. When we looked up our topic on the internet, we realized that most of the projects used microcontrollers or IC 555, but we didn't include any of these circuits in our model. Our design is based on the LM324N IC, which functions as a rectifier, oscillator, and comparator. On this foundation, we construct our circuit, and our model is successfully executed at a minimal cost. The project's goal is to conserve water. Water is a necessary component of our daily life. Water plays a vital role in our everyday life since there is not any water we can't imagine in our lives. Water is essential for digestion and plays some important roles in the body, such as waste removal, body temperature control, and nutrient transport. Our daily lives began in the upper tank that is the most crucial part of all the houses. Water in your house, including drinking, cooking, bathing, cleaning, and washing, is used almost for all purposes. Appliances such as washing machines and scrubbers require continuous flow. Inhouse, overhead tanks comply with those requirements. As a result, saving water for humans is important. This problem can be solved by using an automatic water level controller and indicator. The water level controller's operation is based on the fact that water conducts electricity due to the minerals in it. So As a result, the circuit can be opened or closed using water. The various circuits in the control unit send out different signals as the water level rises or falls. These signals are used to turn ON or OFF the motor pump depending on our requirements. I'm going to install an automatic water level controller so we don't have to manually turn the motor ON and OFF. The unit tracks the water level and then activates the relay, which activates the Motor. The LM324N IC, carbon level sensor, and relay are the key components in this unit. With this project, we will be able to automatically monitor water wastage and maintain water levels in various systems, such as water tanks, boilers, swimming pools, and so on. Water and energy losses are reduced as a result of this. This also saves manpower because it is no longer necessary to run it manually.

scholarly journals Innovation and Skills Workers of Mechanical Engineer to Design Smart Flush

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.15) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
W Omar Ali Saifuddin bin Wan Ismail ◽  
Noraini Binti Hamzah ◽  
Khalid Bin Jusoh
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Water System ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Pump System

Smart Flush is an innovative product in mechanical engineering. All the skilled workers need to      improve the quality of product that would be manufacture. The three objectives of this study are as  follows: (i) to design automatic water level control based on electrical conductivity of the water; (ii) to improve the supply of water into the water tank as well as avoiding any accessing water; and (iii) to provide easy installation and maintenance. 5W + 1H concept are used to solve the problem. The     existing water level for toilet flushing system employs mechanical method, which is commonly expose to mechanical failure. This research introduces the notion of water level controlling within the context of electrical conductivity of the water. System design integrates the electrical and electronic based   water level sensing and couple with solenoids shut off valve in a wired environment. The system equipment is lower power consumption, equipment only work when the water level changes, usually is in a waiting state. Smart Flush approach would help in reducing water overflow and low water pressure in the piping system. Maintaining water level inside the toilet pump system is an essential aspect in order to avoid waste of water due to overflow. 

scholarly journals Features of Automatic Control of Technological Parameters of Water Level in the Drum Steam Boilers

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isamiddin Siddikov ◽  
Dilnoza Umurzakova
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Power Control ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Steam Boilers ◽  
Automatic Power Control ◽  
Boiler Drum

The three-pulse system of automatic control of the water level in the boiler drum received maximum distribution in the energy sector, as well as its modifications, which have the following disadvantages : the presence of static control errors at the end of the transition process in the development of internal disturbances and disturbances of superheated steam flow; large level deviations with sharp and significant changes in the load, which often leads to unloading or shutdown of the boiler or power unit. To eliminate these drawbacks, invariant systems for automatic regulation of the power supply of the drum boiler were previously developed. In work the system of automatic control of technological parameters of water level in a drum of steam boilers is considered. The description of control systems and a detailed description of the electrical power systems of the control system are given. Various methods of tuning the PI controller of a typical three-pulse automatic power control system are considered. The application of the method of structural-parametric optimization and the theory of invariance makes it possible by changing the structure of the system and optimizing the dynamic adjustment of the automatic power control system to significantly improve the quality of maintaining the water level in the boiler drum. Invariant automatic control systems eliminate static control errors under all influences and can significantly improve the quality of maintaining the level under variable conditions. The methods are proposed to significantly improve the quality of water level control in the boiler drum, eliminating the shortcomings of the typical automatic control system. The results of the work can be used in the design of power control systems of steam drum boilers. The results obtained can be used in the development of adaptive control systems for other thermal power facilities.

scholarly journals Drinking water quality in the Czech Republic

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Říhová Ambrožová ◽  
J. Hubáčková ◽  
I. Čiháková
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Secondary Air ◽  
Water Tanks

The quality of water has to be controlled and monitored by drinking water suppliers during all stages of the treatment process from the water sources to the end of distribution systems. The research, performed in Czech Republic from 2006 to 2008, deals with the assessment of the affect of water tanks on the quality of water supplied to consumers, specifically from various points of view: microbiological, biological and physic-chemical changes in water accumulation. Also studied was the influence of the air on the quality of accumulated water (secondary contamination), the influence of the structural layout and hydraulic ratios. In the project quick screening methods (paddle testers and BART<sup>TM</sup> tests) were applied in the collection of water samples and scrapings from wetted surfaces of water tanks. The results of the contamination degree discovered in the course of the project solution will serve as basic data for a scale that should evaluate the degree of water tank pollution as well as for resulting corrective measures or optimisation of water tank cleaning. The recommendations of limits for a scraping sample are based especially on the microbiological parameters. Secondary air contamination plays an important role in maintains of biologically stable water. Based on the number of microbial contamination discovered water tanks will be categorised and methods of suitable measures to be taken will be stipulated, operation optimisation as well as cleaning (schedule, methods and frequency of cleaning). The water quality in a storage tanks depends on their maintenance, e.g., to prevent the plaster falling on water surface, the use of antifungal surface coatings (prevention the growth of fungi on walls), the use of ceramics surface of reservoir walls, dark conditions (no windows or blue sheets) in all technological units, the prevention of dust fall out, the selection of suitable air condition and special air filters.

scholarly journals Automatic Water Tank Filling System with Water Level Indicator

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mr. G. M. Barbade ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Level Indicator ◽  
Level Sensor ◽  
Water Tanks

In this project, we have worked with an indicator on an automatic water level controller. When we looked up our topic on the internet, we realized that most of the projects used microcontrollers or IC 555, but we didn’t include any of these circuits in our model. Our design is based on the LM324N IC, which functions as a rectifier, oscillator, and comparator. On this foundation, we construct our circuit, and our model is successfully executed at a minimal cost. The project’s goal is to conserve water. Water is a necessary component of our daily life. Water plays a vital role in our everyday life since there is not any water we can’t imagine in our lives. Water is essential for digestion and plays some important roles in the body, such as waste removal, body temperature control, and nutrient transport. Our daily lives began in the upper tank that is the most crucial part of all the houses. Water in your house, including drinking, cooking, bathing, cleaning, and washing, is used almost for all purposes. Appliances such as washing machines and scrubbers require continuous flow. In-house, overhead tanks comply with those requirements. As a result, saving water for humans is important. This problem can be solved by using an automatic water level controller and indicator. The water level controller’s operation is based on the fact that water conducts electricity due to the minerals in it. So As a result, the circuit can be opened or closed using water. The various circuits in the control unit send out different signals as the water level rises or falls. These signals are used to turn ON or OFF the motor pump depending on our requirements. I’m going to install an automatic water level controller so we don’t have to manually turn the motor ON and OFF. The unit tracks the water level and then activates the relay, which activates the Motor. The LM324N IC, carbon level sensor, and relay are the key components in this unit. With this project, we will be able to automatically monitor water wastage and maintain water levels in various systems, such as water tanks, boilers, swimming pools, and so on. Water and energy losses are reduced as a result of this. This also saves manpower because it is no longer necessary to run it manually.

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