scholarly journals Mutations in Burnt-Clay Brick Properties attributable to Waste Glass

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 898-905
Author(s):  
Ahsan Ali ◽  
Fatima Hanif ◽  
Nazam Ali ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem ◽  
Muhammad Usman Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Areal Density ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Fuel Temperature ◽  
Absorption Properties

Recently, the need of high living standards and developments in modern technology have significantly increased the usage of throwaway glass products. The use of these waste glass products in the production of construction materials (especially bricks) is ultimately very wholesome approach towards sustainable development. In this study, wasted glass up to 20% by weight was added to observe its impacts on bricks. The bricks containing powder glass were burnt along with ordinary bricks (with no powder glass) in same kiln and under same condition (type of fuel, temperature, duration etc.). The results illustrated that the properties of bricks vividly improved such as areal density, water absorption and efflorescence. The 20% increase of waste glass in the brick samples resulted in 14% decrease in areal density. The addition of fine powder glass filled the pores and reduced porosity of bricks. The substantial reduction in water absorption of 26.14% were observed with 20% addition of waste glass content. Also efflorescence was less in specimens having less quantity of waste glass burnt at higher temperatures. The present study presented a comprehensive analysis of waste glass as a mixing component for producing light weight sustainable bricks with improved water absorption properties.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Lightweight Eco-friendly Construction Bricks Made with Fly Ash and Bentonite

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2090-2096
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Project Work ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Foundry Sand

Brick is one of the foremost extensively used construction materials for masonry purpose. Emphasizing the possibility to convey imperative effect against India's present-day lodging and industrial waste concerns are of paramount importance. This could be achieved by fabricating sustainable products using industrial wastes. Alkali-activated products are assumed to be eco-friendly and economical, leading to Portland cement-free products. This project work is an attempt to discover an eco-friendly brick for construction purposes by totally replacing the normal brick components by wastes from many industries. For the investigation purpose, we developed geopolymer bricks by utilizing fly ash as the binder, foundry sand as the fine aggregate, bentonite as an additive for improving its properties and finally the alkaline arrangement (a blend of NaOH and Na2SiO3 ). Fly ash combines with alkalis such as Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) and Sodium Silicate (Na2SiO3 ) creating an alumino-silicate gel, that shows properties similar to that of cement and it can be used as the environment-friendly binding material. The design mix proportions of the current work are 0.54:0.44:0.04 (fly ash: foundry sand: bentonite), solutions to fly ash ratio is 0.5 and the ratio of Na2SiO3 to NaOH is 1.5. The basic characteristics of bricks such as compressive strength, water absorption capacity, density, soundness, efflorescence, and hardness were tested. It attains a compressive strength value ranging between 6-25Mpa, water absorption value in between 5-12% and also the developed bricks were light in weight. Also, the final conclusions were drawn after comparing the test results with other geopolymer bricks and clay burnt bricks. Geopolymer bricks seem to be incredibly beneficial as they will amalgamate a large quantity of industrial wastes. The utilization of waste raw materials (except for alkaline activator solution) resulted in a substantial reduction in the estimated production cost of the bricks.

scholarly journals Cellulose Nanofibrils/Xyloglucan Bio-Based Aerogels with Shape Recovery

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Samuel Mandin ◽  
Samuel Moreau ◽  
Malika Talantikite ◽  
Bruno Novalès ◽  
Jean-Eudes Maigret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Shape Recovery ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
High Water ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
High Water Absorption ◽  
Freezing Procedure ◽  
The Impact

Bio-based aerogels containing cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) are promising materials due to the inherent physical properties of CNF. The high affinity of cellulose to plant hemicelluloses (xyloglucan, xylan, pectin) is also an opportunity to develop biomaterials with new properties. Here, we prepared aerogels from gelled dispersions of CNFs and xyloglucan (XG) at different ratios by using a freeze-casting procedure in unidirectional (UD) and non-directional (ND) manners. As showed by rheology analysis, CNF and CNF/XG dispersions behave as true gels. We investigated the impact of the freezing procedure and the gel’s composition on the microstructure and the water absorption properties. The introduction of XG greatly affects the microstructure of the aerogel from lamellar to cellular morphology. Bio-based aerogels showed high water absorption capacity with shape recovery after compression. The relation between morphology and aerogel compositions is discussed.

Mechanical and water absorption properties of sawdust-low density polyethylene nanocomposite

2012 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 1295-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Esnaashari ◽  
Saied Nouri Khorasani ◽  
Mehdi Entezam ◽  
Shahla Khalili
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Absorption Properties

scholarly journals Effects after 1500 Hardening Days on the Microstructure and Durability-Related Parameters of Mortars Produced by the Incorporation of Waste Glass Powder as a Clinker Replacement

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3979
Author(s):  
Rosa María Tremiño ◽  
Teresa Real-Herraiz ◽  
Viviana Letelier ◽  
Fernando G. Branco ◽  
José Marcos Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Chloride Diffusion ◽  
Chloride Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Waste Glass Powder

One of the ways of lessening the CO2 emissions of cement industry consists of replacing clinkers with supplementary cementitious materials. The required service life of real construction elements is long, so it is useful to characterize the performance of these materials in the very long term. Here, the influence of incorporating waste glass powder as a supplementary cementitious material, regarding the microstructure and durability of mortars after 1500 hardening days (approximately 4 years), compared with reference mortars without additions, was studied. The percentages of clinker replacement by glass powder were 10% and 20%. The microstructure was studied using impedance spectroscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry. Differential thermal and X-ray diffraction analyses were performed for assessing the pozzolanic activity of glass powder at the end of the time period studied. Water absorption after immersion, the steady-state diffusion coefficient, and length change were also determined. In view of the results obtained, the microstructure of mortars that incorporated waste glass powder was more refined compared with the reference specimens. The global solid fraction and pores volume were very similar for all of the studied series. The addition of waste glass powder reduced the chloride diffusion coefficient of the mortars, without worsening their behaviour regarding water absorption after immersion.

Tensile and water absorption properties of solvent cast biofilms of sugarcane leaves fibre-filled poly(lactic) acid

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuhananthan Nanthakumar ◽  
Chan Ming Yeng ◽  
Koay Seong Chun
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Bleaching Treatment

This research covers the preparation of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/sugarcane leaves fibre (SLF) biofilms via a solvent-casting method. The results showed that the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of PLA/SLF biofilms increased with the increasing of SLF content. Nevertheless, the elongation at break showed an opposite trend as compared to tensile strength and Young’s modulus of biofilms. Moreover, water absorption properties of PLA/SLF biofilms increased with the increasing of SLF content. In contrast, the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of biofilms were enhanced after bleaching treatment with hydrogen peroxide on SLF, but the elongation at break and water absorption properties of bleached biofilms were reduced due to the improvement of filler–matrix adhesion in biofilms. The tensile and water properties were further discussed using B-factor and Fick’s law, respectively. Furthermore, the functional groups of unbleached and bleached SLF were characterized by Fourier transform infrared analysis.

scholarly journals Fayalite Slag as Binder and Aggregate in Alkali-Activated Materials—Interfacial Transition Zone Study

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adediran ◽  
Yliniemi ◽  
Illikainen
Keyword(s):  
Transition Zone ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Silicate Solution ◽  
Interfacial Transition Zone ◽  
Alkali Activation ◽  
Fayalite Slag ◽  
Alkali Activated

Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are an environmentally friendly option for Portland cement mortars and concretes. Many industrial residues such as blast furnace slag and coal fly ash have been extensively studied and applied as AAM precursors but much less focus has been on the use of fayalite slags. Water-cooled fayalite slag comes in granular form, which is then milled into fine powder (d50 ~10 microns) prior to its alkali activation. In addition, the un-milled granular fayalite slag can be used as an aggregate to replace sand in mortar. The alkaline solution utilized for the study was a mix of 10 M sodium hydroxide solution and commercial potassium silicate solution. A liquid to solid ratio of 0.15 was held constant for all the mixes. The particle size distributions of the binder and the aggregates were optimized, and the microstructure and chemical composition of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) was studied using scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. ITZ is a region that exists between the aggregate and the binder and this can influence the mechanical and transport properties of the construction materials. The results showed that the mechanical properties of mortar having fayalite slag as aggregate and binder was significantly higher than one with standard sand as aggregate. No distinct ITZ was found in the samples with fayalite slag as aggregate. The outer rim of the fayalite slag aggregate participated in the hardening reaction and this significantly contributed to the bonding and microstructural properties of the mortar samples. In contrast, an ITZ was observed in mortar samples with standard sand aggregates, which contributed to its lower strength.

scholarly journals Effect of Curing Method on Properties of Lightweight Foamed Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.29) ◽  
pp. 927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishir Kado ◽  
Shahrin Mohammad ◽  
Yeong Huei Lee ◽  
Poi Ngian Shek ◽  
Mariyana Aida Ab Kadir
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
Lightweight Construction ◽  
Foamed Concrete ◽  
Curing Method

Lightweight construction is aimed to achieve a sustainable feature by reducing transportation frequency and construction materials usage during construction phase. Lightweight precast concrete may serve an alternative for the lightweight construction. There are rarely application can be found for structural members as lightweight panels always to be used for secondary or non-load bearing members. This paper presents an experimental study on properties (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, water absorption) of lightweight foamed concrete (LFC) at two different curing methods. LFC with densities of 1500, 1700, and 1800 kg/m3, cement-sand ratio of 2:1 and water-cement ratio of 0.5 were investigated. The results showed LFC can be produced with the properties ofdensity range of 1500 to 1800 kg/m3 and corresponding compressive strength of 10 to 39 MPa. The higher the density of LFC, the less the water absorption for all the curing method considered, the highest and the lowest water absorption was 11.3% and 2.0% for 1500 kg/m3 cured in water and 1800 kg/m3 cured in air respectively. Compressive strength of LFC increases with age and density while water cured LFC has high compressive strength. Splitting tensile strength increases with density of LFC, but air cured LFC has more splitting tensile strength than water cured of the same density. The highest splitting tensile strength recorded was 3.92 MPa for 1800 kg/m3 cured in air, which was about 16% of its compressive strength at 28 days of curing age. These properties are important and can be applied to LFC precast structural members with air or water curing method which have less references for LFC in structural usage.  

scholarly journals Effect of Glycidyl Methacrylate on Water Absorption Properties of Sago Hampas Biocomposite

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
M. S. Jamaludin ◽  
A. Zulkharnain ◽  
A. A. Khan ◽  
N. Wagiman
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Glycidyl Methacrylate ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Absorption Percentage ◽  
Properties Of Composites

 This study examines the water absorption of sago hampas biocomposite utilizing glycidyl methacrylate as its matrix. Composites were fabricated with 25, 30, 40 wt% sago hampas content and another sample of pure sago hampas using hydraulics hot press machine. The water absorption properties of composites with different sago hampas composition were investigated according to Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials of ASTM D570. Water absorption of pure sago hampas composite have the highest average water absorption percentage with 59.1 wt% as compared to the lowest average water absorption percentage recorded for 30 wt% sago hampas content biocomposite with 16.8%. However sago hampas loading was increased resulting in the increased in average water absorption on biocomposite for 40 wt% sago hampas content which is 33.1%.

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