scholarly journals Determinants of Domestic Violence in Women of Reproductive Age in Rwanda

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Faustin Habyarimana ◽  
Temesgen Zewotir ◽  
Shaun Ramroop
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Wife Beating ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

Domestic violence is a global public health problem. It is prevalent in both the developed world and developing countries. The objective of this study is to identify the factors that are associated with domestic violence against women of reproductive age in Rwanda. The data from the 2014/2015 Rwanda demographic and health survey were used. Generalized linear mixed model was used to account for random effects, overdispersion of residual and heterogeneity. The findings of this study revealed that wealth quintiles, education level of the husband or partner, polygamy, alcohol status of husband or partner, size of the family, number of sexual partners including the husband in the last 12 months, the province the victim lived in, the ownership of an asset in the form of a house or land and the societal attitude towards wife-beating, were the determinants of domestic violence in women of reproductive age. The findings of the risk factors in the current study can help the policy makers, public health workers and institutions in charge of gender monitoring in Rwanda to come up with effective strategies to reduce the domestic violence levels directed against women. 

scholarly journals Determinants of Domestic Violence in Women of Reproductive Age in Rwanda

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1(J)) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Faustin Habyarimana ◽  
Temesgen Zewotir ◽  
Shaun Ramroop
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Wife Beating ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

Domestic violence is a global public health problem. It is prevalent in both the developed world and developing countries. The objective of this study is to identify the factors that are associated with domestic violence against women of reproductive age in Rwanda. The data from the 2014/2015 Rwanda demographic and health survey were used. Generalized linear mixed model was used to account for random effects, overdispersion of residual and heterogeneity. The findings of this study revealed that wealth quintiles, education level of the husband or partner, polygamy, alcohol status of husband or partner, size of the family, number of sexual partners including the husband in the last 12 months, the province the victim lived in, the ownership of an asset in the form of a house or land and the societal attitude towards wife-beating, were the determinants of domestic violence in women of reproductive age. The findings of the risk factors in the current study can help the policy makers, public health workers and institutions in charge of gender monitoring in Rwanda to come up with effective strategies to reduce the domestic violence levels directed against women. 

scholarly journals Anaemia - a pale ale?

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
George L Muntingh ◽  
M Viljoen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Global Database

Despite some modest improvements described recently, anaemia remains a significant global public health concern affecting both developed and developing countries. It affects a quarter of the global population, including 293 million (47%) children who are younger than five years of age. A prevalence of 42% and 30% has been described in pregnant and non-pregnant women, respectively. Children and women of reproductive age are at high risk, partly because of physiological vulnerability, followed by the elderly. Africa and Asia are the most heavily affected regions, accounting for 85% of the absolute anaemia burden in highrisk groups. According to the World Health Organization global database on anaemia (1993–2005), this disorder was considered to be a moderate public health problem in South African preschool children, pregnant women and non-pregnant women of reproductive age. There has been an increased awareness of anaemia and its consequences on the health and development of women and children in the past few decades. The many underlying causes of the various types of anaemia seen in general practice means it is essential that practitioners’ clinical decisions be underpinned by a sound knowledge of the pathological processes involved. Thorough history-taking will guide practitioners to request specific tests to confirm or refute differential diagnoses. Management must be developed around the specific type of anaemia and the potential physical and psychological effects it may have on the individual.

Spatial Distribution and Predictors of Domestic Violence Among Women Aged 15-49 in Ethiopia: Analysis of EDHS 2016 Dataset.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Ali Seid ◽  
Tesfahun Melese ◽  
Kassahun Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Wife Beating ◽  
Moran’S I ◽  
P Value ◽  
Moran's I

Abstract Introduction: Violence against women particularly that is commited by an intimate partner is becoming a social and public health problem across the world. Studies from different countries shows that the spatial variation in distribution of domestic violence was commonly attributed by neighborhood level predictors. Despite the importance of spatial techniques, studies that employ it in Ethiopia are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the spatial distribution and predictors of domestic violence among women aged 15-49 in Ethiopia by using EDHS 2016 dataset. Methods: Secondary data from EDHS 2016 was used to determine the spatial distribution of domestic violence in Ethiopia. Spatial auto-correlation statistics (both Global and Local Moran’s I) was used to assess the spatial distribution of domestic violence cases in Ethiopia. Spatial locations of significant clusters were identified by using Kuldorff’s Sat Scan version 9.4 software. Finally, binary logistic regression and generalized linear mixed model were fitted to identify predictors of domestic violence. Result: The study found that spatial clustering of domestic violence cases in Ethiopia with Moran’s I value of 0.26, Z score of 8.26, and P-value < 0.01. The Sat Scan analysis find out 24 significant locations of domestic violence clusters. Among this, 10 are primary clusters with RR 2.18, LLR of 39.55, and P-value < 0.01. The output from regression analysis identifies low economic status, husband/partner alcohol use, witnessing family violence as a child, marital controlling behaviors, and community acceptance of wife-beating as significant predictors of domestic violence.Conclusion and Recommendation: There is spatial clustering of d domestic violence cases in Ethiopia. Areas with a high burden of the problem should get priority for intervention. Comprehensive and collaborative action should be taken by involving stakeholders at different levels. Specific activities may include Organizing media on awareness creation and continuous education on how to maintain a stable relationship between couples and employing long term and intensive effort for transforming culture and social norms that encourage violence against woman are among the major ones.

The double burden of chronic malnutrition and overweight and obesity in Ecuadorian mothers and children, 1986–2012

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilma B Freire ◽  
William F Waters ◽  
Gabriela Rivas-Mariño ◽  
Philippe Belmont
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Chronic Malnutrition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition ◽  
Nationally Representative

Background: The simultaneous presence of undernutrition and over-nutrition represents a paradox in global public health and is of increasing concern in Ecuador, where chronic malnutrition and overweight and obesity occur in the context of demographic and epidemiologic transitions. Two overlapping trends are present in Ecuador; while levels of stunting have decreased slowly in the past three decades, increasing proportions of children <5 years and women of reproductive age suffer from overweight and obesity. Aim: To analyze stunting and overweight and obesity in children <5 and their mothers aged from 15 to 49 years in the context of demographic and household characteristics between 1986 and 2012. Methods: This study compares data from nationally-representative surveys conducted in Ecuador in 1986, 2004, and 2012, each of which collected information on children <5 and mothers aged 15–49 years. Results: The prevalence of chronic malnutrition in children <5 decreased at different rates among Ecuadorians who differ in terms of residence, socioeconomic status, and mothers’ level of education, while overweight and obesity increased dramatically in the same period. Conclusion: Chronic malnutrition in children <5 and overweight in children <5 and mothers 15–49 years represent a double burden of malnutrition in Ecuador. The phenomena differ in their effects, and, while the prevalence of stunting is declining in Ecuador as it is in many parts of the world, the problem of overweight and obesity has emerged in dramatic fashion, and currently represents an extraordinary challenge to public health.

Application of Inherent Risk of Contagion (IRC) framework & modelling to aid local Covid-19 response & mitigation: Viewpoint (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmi Zakariah ◽  
Fadzilah bt Kamaluddin ◽  
Choo-Yee Ting ◽  
Hui-Jia Yee ◽  
Shereen Allaham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Vulnerable Population ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Inherent Risk ◽  
Transmission Area ◽  
Current Outbreak ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

UNSTRUCTURED The current outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 has been a major global public health problem threatening many countries and territories. Mathematical modelling is one of the non-pharmaceutical public health measures that plays a crucial role for mitigating the risk and impact of the pandemic. A group of researchers and epidemiologists have developed a machine learning-powered inherent risk of contagion (IRC) analytical framework to georeference the COVID-19 with an operational platform to plan response & execute mitigation activities. This framework dataset provides a coherent picture to track and predict the COVID-19 epidemic post lockdown by piecing together preliminary data on publicly available health statistic metrics alongside the area of reported cases, drivers, vulnerable population, and number of premises that are suspected to become a transmission area between drivers and vulnerable population. The main aim of this new analytical framework is to measure the IRC and provide georeferenced data to protect the health system, aid contact tracing, and prioritise the vulnerable.

Testimonial Smothering and Domestic Violence Disclosure in Clinical Contexts

Episteme ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Jack Warman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Social Epistemology ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Epistemic Injustice ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Personal Histories ◽  
Domestic Violence And Abuse

Abstract Domestic violence and abuse (DVA) are at last coming to be recognised as serious global public health problems. Nevertheless, many women with personal histories of DVA decline to disclose them to healthcare practitioners. In the health sciences, recent empirical work has identified many factors that impede DVA disclosure, known as barriers to disclosure. Drawing on recent work in social epistemology on testimonial silencing, we might wonder why so many people withhold their testimony and whether there is some kind of epistemic injustice afoot here. In this paper, I offer some philosophical reflections on DVA disclosure in clinical contexts and the associated barriers to disclosure. I argue that women with personal histories of DVA are vulnerable to a certain form of testimonial injustice in clinical contexts, namely, testimonial smothering, and that this may help to explain why they withhold that testimony. It is my contention that this can help explain the low rates of DVA disclosure by patients to healthcare practitioners.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anemia among Muslim Students, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110134
Author(s):  
Chutima Rattanawan ◽  
Suraiya Cheloh ◽  
Asma Maimahad ◽  
Malatee Tayeh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Anemia is a global public health problem. The prevalence of anemia among different ages, genders or ethnic groups must be clarified in order to solve problems. This study proposed to determine the prevalence and factors related to anemia among the Muslim school-age population in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. Socio-demographic and anthropometric data were collected by a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were collected from 200 school-age subjects. The thalassemia screening was performed with KKU-OF and KKU-DCIP reagents. The prevalence of anemia in this study was 36.5%, divided into males and females, 33.3% and 39.1%, respectively. The means of Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH, and MCHC in the anemic group were significantly lower. The positive results for KKU-OF or KKU-DCIP or both were 15.0%, 2.5%, and 1.0%, respectively. The result of positive OF test was a significantly independent factor for anemia. The number of family members was 5 to 7 and more than 7 persons are related factors for anemia in this study. In summary, the contribution of thalassemia and socio-economic factor are associated factors to anemia in this population. These findings should be addressed in public health strategies for the control of anemia of school-aged Muslims in the region.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document