An Analysis of the Link between Water Infrastructure Financing and Water Provision South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3(J)) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Lerato C. Bapela ◽  
Collins C. Ngwakwe ◽  
Mokoko P. Sebola
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Water Infrastructure ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Infrastructure Finance ◽  
Water Provision

This paper evaluated the relationship between water infrastructure financing and water provision in South Africa. The research followed a quantitative research design; secondary data for water infrastructure financing and water provision in South Africa was obtained from the Trans - Caledon Tunneling Agency (TCTA) and the World Bank for the period 1994 - 2014 . The regression results indicated two separate findings which offers unique contribution to the current literature; results from water asset finance as a single independent variable on water provision showed a significant relationship. However, an addition of two control variables , corruption and violence, neutralised the effectiveness of water asset finance on water provision to the extent that water asset finance became less significant with a P value of 0.05. The paper makes a nuance contribution from the findings, which specifically is that finance alone may not deliver target water provision if corruption and violence is left unbridled. The paper thus recommends the need for public policy makers to control the rate of corruption and violence to enable effective application of water infrastructure finance in water provision. The paper also recommends the need for further research on other government departments to integrate corruption and violence as control variables. 

scholarly journals EFFECT OF NEW INFORMATION FROM RIGHTS ISSUE ANNOUNCEMENT ON SHARE PRICES OF FIRM’S LISTED ON THE NAIROBI SECURITY EXCHANGE

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Batista J. Mariko ◽  
Theuri J. M
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Target Population ◽  
P Value ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Share Prices ◽  
New Information ◽  
Rights Issue ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of new information from rights issue announcement on share prices of firm’s listed on the Nairobi Security Exchange.Methodology: The study was carried out using descriptive research design. The target population consisted all companies listed on the NSE, and had previously done a rights issue. Convenient sampling technique was used to identify firms that had rights issue in the period under study.  Secondary data was collected using a schedule developed by the researcher. Data analysis was done using events study methodology and regression modelling.Results: Based on the findings the study found that mean share prices before and after the rights issue announcement was statistically insignificant as indicated by the t-test (t= -0.435 and p-value = 0.663).Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Based on the findings the study recommends that further studies to be done on the impact of bonus issues, IPOs, and the global economic crisis (2008-2009) on stock returns of companies listed at the NSE.

scholarly journals Subjective Immediate Experiences during Large-Scale Cultural Events in Cities: A Geotagging Experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 5698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamze Dane ◽  
Aloys Borgers ◽  
Tao Feng
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Cultural Events ◽  
Data Location ◽  
The City

Cities are increasingly exploiting new activities such as large-scale cultural events in public open spaces. Investigating the subjective immediate experiences of visitors is valuable to reflect on these events and their configuration in the city. Therefore the aim of this study is twofold: (i) to demonstrate a data collection methodology to measure subjective immediate experiences of visitors and (ii) to test different types of factors that influence visitors’ subjective immediate experiences at cultural events by means of the new methodology. A quantitative research that is enabled by geotagging, paper surveys and secondary data (location characteristics and weather conditions) is applied at the Dutch Design Week event in Eindhoven, the Netherlands. After data collection, a binary logit model is estimated. It is found that apart from age and intended duration of stay, visitor characteristics do not influence the subjective immediate experiences while temporal, physical environmental and weather conditions do. Specifically, it is found that subjective immediate experiences at outdoor locations are mainly influenced by location characteristics. This study shows that the proposed data collection methodology is useful for gathering insights especially on the influence of physical characteristics on subjective immediate experiences. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research and with suggestions to policy makers and event managers.

EFFECT OF STOCK MARKET CONCENTRATION ON THE GROWTH OF CORPORATE BOND MARKET IN KENYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Dr. David W. Wanyama
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Corporate Bonds ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Market Concentration ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
Corporate Bond ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Corporate Bond Market ◽  
Augmented Dickey Fuller

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze how stock market concentration influences the growth of corporate bond market in Kenya.Methodology: The study used descriptive and causal research designs.  Secondary data was used. The sample of the study consisted of daily and monthly time series covering six years beginning January 2009 to December 2014. Unit root tests using Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron tests were done. The study used Eviews econometric software to facilitate empirical analysis of data.Results: Regression of coefficients results shows that stock market concentration and corporate bonds are positively and significant related (r=0.014, p=0.017).Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that concerted efforts should be made to improve market concentration in the corporate bonds market so that it can operate optimally. The existing concentration affected the stock and corporate bond markets positively. However, policy makers should be careful not to allow a higher stock market concentration as this will adversely affect the financial markets (El-Wassal, 2013).

scholarly journals Hubungan Cakupan Tablet Fe3 dengan BBLBR di Provinsi Jawa Timur tahun 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Irohatul A'ila ◽  
Sri Sumarmi
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
P Value ◽  
Health Profile ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the children's health indicators. Based on the health profile of East Java province in 2017, the prevalence of LBW increased from 3.6% in 2016 to 3.8%. Besides increasing the prevalence of LBW, there was a decrease in Fe3 tablet coverage. In 2016 Fe3 tablets decreased by 88.2% and decreased in 2017 to 87.4%. A decrease in Fe3 tablet coverage is likely to cause a high prevalence of LBW.Objective: This study aimed to know the relationship of Fe3 tablets with the prevalence of LBW in East Java province in 2017. Methods: The type of this research was quantitative research using secondary data on the health profile of East Java province in 2017. The observed variables was Fe3 tablet coverage and LBW prevalence. Data analysis using a Pearson correlation and Chi-square test.Result: The regency/city included in the category of low Fe3 tablet coverage was 55.3% and as many as 21.1% regency/city with LBW prevalence were included in the category of not public health problems. Pearson correlation test results (p-value=0.270) and Chi-square test (p-value=0.206) showed there was no relationship between the coverage of Fe3 tablets with prevalence of LBW in East Java Province in 2017.Conclusion: The regency/city that has low Fe3 tablet coverage doesn’t necessarily have a high LBW prevalence. Further research is needed to find out other factors related to the high prevalence of LBW in East Java Province in 2017.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) merupakan salah satu indikator kesehatan anak. Berdasar profil kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Timur tahun 2017, kejadian BBLR mengalami peningkatan dari 3,6% pada tahun 2016 menjadi 3,8%. Selain peningkatan prevalensi BBLR, terjadi penurunan cakupan tablet Fe3 (90 tablet Fe) yang diberikan kepada ibu hamil. Pada tahun 2016 cakupan tablet Fe3 sebesar 88,2% dan menurun pada tahun 2017 menjadi 87,4%. Cakupan pemberian tablet Fe kepada ibu hamil merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat berhubungan dengan kejadian BBLR.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan cakupan tablet Fe3 untuk ibu hamil dengan kejadian BBLR di Provinsi Jawa Timur pada tahun 2017.Metode: Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan data sekunder profil kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Timur tahun 2017. Data sekunder yang digunakan berupa data cakupan tablet Fe3 dan kejadian BBLR. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi perason.Hasil: Hasil uji korelasi pearson antara cakupan tablet Fe3 dengan kejadian BBLR di Provinsi Jawa Timur pada tahun 2017 menunjukkan nilai p-value <0,05 (p=0,000). Hal ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara cakupan tablet Fe3 dengan kejadian BBLR di Provinsi Jawa Timur tahun 2017 dengan koefisiensi korelasi r=0,706.Kesimpulan: erdapat hubungan antara cakupan tablet Fe3 dengan kejadian BBLR di Provinsi Jawa Timur pada tahun 2017.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF STOCK MARKET VOLATILITY ON THE GROWTH OF CORPORATE BOND MARKET IN KENYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Dr. David W. Wanyama
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
Market Volatility ◽  
Corporate Bond ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Stock Market Volatility ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Corporate Bond Market ◽  
Augmented Dickey Fuller

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze how stock market volatility influences the growth of corporate bond market in Kenya.Methodology: The study used descriptive and causal research designs.  Secondary data was used. The sample of the study consisted of daily and monthly time series covering six years beginning January 2009 to December 2014. Unit root tests using Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron tests were done. The study used Eviews econometric software to facilitate empirical analysis of data.Results: Regression of coefficients results shows that stock market volatility and corporate bonds are positively and significant related (r=0.000023, p=0.0001).Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommended that Policy makers should be aware of and monitor the level of stock market volatility that is appropriate for promoting the growth of the corporate bond markets and indeed other financial markets.

scholarly journals The Impact Of The National Credit Act On Residential Mortgage Lending In South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-544
Author(s):  
Catherine Boonzaaier ◽  
Joseph Chisasa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
Mortgage Lending ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Residential Mortgage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Credit Act

The purpose of the study reported in this article was to determine the impact of the National Credit Act on residential mortgage lending in South Africa.  The National Credit Act (NCA) was promulgated and implemented on 1 June 2007. The purpose of the NCA was to remove the many unfair practices, inappropriate disclosure and anti-competitive practices from the market and to achieve honesty in the credit market. Low-income groups were held back because they could not gain access to formal finance to build or improve houses or supplement housing subsidies to get bigger houses. This study applied a quantitative research design using monthly time series secondary data for the period January 2001 to August 2011. The statistical analysis techniques used in this study were t-tests, descriptive statistics, trend analysis and correlation analysis. It was found that the NCA had a positive effect on the residential mortgages in South Africa. These results have policy implications on the continued regulation of the credit market and the avoidance of reckless lending.

scholarly journals The Importance Of Entrepreneurial Competencies On The Performance Of Women Entrepreneurs In South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tola Zizile ◽  
Chimucheka Tendai
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Secondary Data Source ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Entrepreneurial Competencies ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

The study investigated the importance of entrepreneurial competencies on the performance of women entrepreneurs in East London, South Africa. The objectives of this study were to identify key entrepreneurial competencies that influence the performance of women entrepreneurs, to establish a relationship between entrepreneurial competencies and the performance of women entrepreneurs and to suggest strategies that can be implemented to improve entrepreneurial competencies of women entrepreneurs. Both primary and secondary data source were used in this research. This research followed a quantitative research design. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect primary data. The findings of this research showed that entrepreneurial competencies are crucial for the survival and performance of SMMEs.

scholarly journals Correlation between mother’s demand and cesarean section delivery in Pku Muhammadiyah Hospital Bantul Yogyakarta

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
Mastina Mastina ◽  
Herlin Fitriani Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Economy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cesarean Section Delivery

World Health Organization (WHO) found the number of Cesarean Section delivery in the world at 25.7% in 2004-2008 which was 27.3% in Asia, 19.0% in Europe, 29.2% in Latin America and the highest number was in China at the rate of 46.2% (Wang, Hellerstein, Hou, Zou, Ruan, & Zhang, 2017). Rates determined by WHO for each country were 10-15% (WHO, 2015). WHO (2015) stated that the causative factor that can be delivered by Cesarean section is when vaginal delivery may have a risk to the mother and baby such as taking too much time for delivery and fetal disorders. Another cause was because of abnormal position. This study aims to determine the relationship between mother’s demand and Cesarean section delivery at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Bantul. The type of research used in this study is quantitative research with Cross Sectional approach using secondary data, namely medical record data of PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Bantul in 2017. Chi-Square with P value 0.05 and CI 95% was used as data analysis. The bivariate results obtained were mother’s demand associated with delivery of Cesarean section with p value of 0.000 which means that the mother's demand had a significant relationship with the section Cesarean delivery. Based on the analysis of health technology assessment (HTA), the selection efforts at Cesarean section delivery were very beneficial for the mother and family, in terms of maternal health, economy and other factors.

scholarly journals 1035325 Hubungan antara Umur dan Paritas dengan Kejadian Abortus Inkomplit di RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi Tahun 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Rini Mayasari
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Incomplete Abortion

ABSTRAK WHO memperkirakan diseluruh dunia angka abortus dengan persentase 14-15%. Angka kematian ibu di indonesia tercatat 395/100.000 kelahiran hidup. Penyebab kematian ibu ini salah satunya adalah abortus. Angka kematian ibu akibat abortus yaitu 1,6. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara umur dan paritas dengan kejadian abortus inkomplit di RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi Tahun 2018.Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode desain penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional dimana variabel independen (umur dan paritas) dan variabel dependen (kejadian abortus inkomplit). Populasi dalam penelitian adalah seluruh ibu hamil yang mengalami abortus di RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi dari bulan Januari sampai dengan bulan November tahun 2018 berjumlah 75 orang dengan dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 75 orang dengan teknik sampel adalah total populasi, pengumpulan data menggunkan data sekunder. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah analisa univariat menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dan analisa bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square melalui sistem komputerisasi.Berdasarkan hasil analisa bivariat dengan menggunkan uji statistik Chi-square didapatkan p value pada variabel umur (0,000) dan paritas (0,000) berarti lebih kecil dari α = 0,05. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara umur dan paritas dengan kejadian abortus inkomplit di RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi Tahun 2018. Kata Kunci : Kejadian abortus Inkomplit, umur dan paritas   ABSTRACT WHO estimates worldwide abortion rates with a percentage of 14-15%. There are 395 of the mother mortality rate from 100.000 of life birth. One of the cause of mother is abortion. The number of the deaths 1,6 %. The objective of this reseacrh is to know the relationship between age and parity with the incomplete abortion in Regional Public Hospital Raden Mattaher Jambi in 2018. The design of this research uses quantitative research design method with cross sectional approach. The variables are independent ( age and parity) and dependent (incomplete abortion). The population in this research is all of the abortion pregnant women in Regional Public Hospital Raden Mattaher Jambi from January to November 2018 are 75 people with the research samples are 74 people with sample technique called total population. The colleting data is used secondary data. Data analysis is used univariate analysis used frequency distribution and bivariate analysis used uji Chi-square through computerization system. Based on the bivariate analysis with Chi-square concluded p value to age variable (0,001) and parity (0,000) means it is smaller than α = 0,05. The conclusion of this research is to show that there is the meaningful relationship between age and parity and incomplete abortion in Regional Public Hospital Raden Mattaher in 2018. Keywords: The Incomplete Abortion, The Age, and The Parity       

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF INTEREST RATE SPREAD AMONG COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Leah Njoroge ◽  
Dr.Chogii Dr.Chogii
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Credit Risk ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Interest Rate Spread

Purpose: This study sought to find the determinant of interest rate spread among commercial banks in Kenya.Methodology: The study used a descriptive research design. The target population of this study included all the commercial banks in Kenya since the small number of population called for a census survey of all the banks. The study used secondary data which includes the governments’ publications, journals, banking survey reports, annual reports of the Commercial banks in Kenya and periodicals. Quantitative data was collected. Secondary data used to calculate interest rate spread was collected from the annual statements of the sampled commercial banks. The study used both descriptive and inferential statistics. The descriptive statistics included trend analysis, mean and standard deviation. The study used a pooled OLS regression model to analyze the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.Results: The regression results indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between market structure and interest spread. This finding was supported by a regression coefficient of 0.200 (p value = 0.000). The reported p value was less than the critical p value of 0.05. The results also indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between credit risk and interest spread. This finding was supported by a regression coefficient of 0.096 (p value = 0.008). The reported p value was less than the critical p value of 0.05. This implies that an increase in credit risk by one unit would result to an increase in the interest spread by 0.096 units. Further, the results indicate that there is a positive but insignificant relationship between access to information and interest spread. The regression results also indicated that there is a negative and significant relationship between regulation and interest spread. This finding was supported by a regression coefficient of -1.309 (p value = 0.000). The reported p value was less than the critical p value of 0.05.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that commercial banks should be encouraged to use the information from the credit reference bureaus so as to maintain a lower interest spread among Commercial banks in Kenya. The study also recommended that the central  bank should licence more CRBs which would assist the commercial banks in lowering the credit risk. the study recommended that the central bank should review the monetary policy and lower the T- bill (91 days). This would help to lower the interest spread among Commercial banks in Kenya.

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