scholarly journals The Polity of Regional Integration Development and the Challenges Hampering Southern Africa Economic Growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5(J)) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Andrew Enaifoghe ◽  
Sandile Blessing Mkhwanazi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Member States ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Integration Schemes

This paper explored the polity of regional integration development and the challenges hampering the southern Africa economic growth. The study finds that the design and structure of the African regional development within the integration schemes is around inward-looking industrialization that is intended to facilitate economic costs of participation for member states. This often remains unevenly distributed among member states. Most countries in Africa linger highly reliant on agriculture and yet suffer from high levels of unemployment and food insecurity in the continent. In these situations, it is logical for one to expect the “African regional integration in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) sub-regional schemes to be most focused on developing whatsoever synergies that may exist to promote both socio-economic development and regional security across borders, which may hamper the policy implementation through good governance and ethical valued approach. Qualitatively, this paper collected data and analysis them based on content, using secondary sources from different domains, including Google scholars, Scorpius repositories.

Kosovo and the European Union

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyros Economides
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Military Capability ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Eu

The European Union’s involvement with and in Kosovo is of three main types. First, it participated in war diplomacy in the late 1990s in an attempt to find a peaceful solution to the Kosovo conflict between Kosovar Albanians and the Serb forces of the former Yugoslavia. This demonstrated of the Union’s limited ability to influence less powerful actors in its backyard through its Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP). This resulted from the difficulty the EU found in attempting to forge a consensus among its member states on a significant matter of regional security with humanitarian implications, the limitations in effectiveness of the EU’s civilian instruments of foreign policy, and the low credibility and influence stemming from the lack of an EU military capability. Second, the EU took a leading role in economic reconstruction and state-building in Kosovo following the end of the conflict. Initially, this was in tandem with the United Nations Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK). Subsequently, the EU became the lead organization, focusing its efforts not only on the physical and economic reconstruction of the territory but also on building human and administrative capacity and democratic institutions and establishing good governance and the rule of law, especially through its EULEX mission. Third, the EU attempted to help transform Kosovo beyond democratization toward EU integration through instruments such as the Stabilisation and Association Process (SAP). A significant part of this process has also been linked with EU-led mediation attempts at resolving outstanding issues between Kosovo and Serbia through a process of normalization of relations without which EU accession cannot be envisaged. Throughout the post-war phases of the EU’s involvement in Kosovo, its efforts have been undermined by the most important outstanding issue, the disputed status of Kosovo. Kosovo was set on the path to increasing self-government and autonomy at the end of the conflict in 1999, but it was still legally part of sovereign Yugoslavia. In 2008, Kosovo unilaterally declared its independence. While over 100 states recognized Kosovo, it never acquired enough recognitions to be eligible for UN membership: Serbia does not recognize it and, most importantly, neither do five EU member states. This status issue has seriously complicated the EU–Kosovo relationship in all its aspects and slowed down the prospect of “Euro-Atlantic integration” for Kosovo.

scholarly journals Challenges Impeding Regional Integration in Southern Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2(J)) ◽  
pp. 250-261
Author(s):  
Victor H Mlambo ◽  
Daniel N Mlambo
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Educational Development ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Member States ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Knowledge Policy

Regional integration through the establishment of regional groupings has been taunted as a gateway to regional development and growth, the coming together of countries to share and contribute to knowledge, policy development, peace and security, trade and educational development is undoubtedly seen as the key to the development of Southern Africa. However, regional integration in Southern Africa has been hampered by numerous challenges which have derailed the quest of regional countries to deepen integration and cooperation. By strictly analyzing relevant literature related to regional integration in Southern Africa, it became evident that the region is engulfed with serious challenges that are hindering the quest for deeper integration, and often this is further compounded by internal economic challenges that members’ states are faced with. The study uncovered the fact that regional integration has been difficult to entrench as member states are confronted with numerous internal challenges which are diverting their need to focus on regional matters. Consequently, regional integration is under threat in Southern Africa as many countries are not effectively prioritizing the development of policies aimed at aiding its entrenchment, mainly because of the significance of the challenges that they are facing and this will further affect members’ states regarding socioeconomic development. The study underscored the importance for regional governments to cooperate on issues of common threats and urgently develop and institute policies/mechanisms that would ensure the entrenchment of regional integration and more importantly its sustainability. 

scholarly journals African Economic Integration Development in Technological Transformation: Accessing the Importance of Ethical Leadership for Policy Implementation in SADC

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6(J)) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Andrew Enaifoghe ◽  
Nomaswazi P. Dlamini ◽  
Leonard U. Agwuna
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
Technological Transformation ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Functionalist Theory ◽  
And Migration

Most African states have suffered from severe macroeconomic disequilibria, foreign debt service burdens, and over-valued currencies. The lack of ethical leadership on policy implementation has led most Africa countries to linger highly behind in terms of development. Many countries are reliant on agriculture and yet suffer from high levels of unemployment and food insecurity on the continent. In these situations, it is logical for one to expect the full integration of Africa in terms of trade and migration, using the Southern African sub-regional integration as a case study. This study looks at the Southern African economic integration development and the importance of having ethical leadership for policy implementation. Qualitatively, this paper collected data and analysis them based on content, using secondary sources from different domains. The neo-Functionalist theory was applied and findings show that there is a failure to meet set targets in the SADC plan which has established a bad precedent for the sub-regions for African development, the failure is seen as lacking ethical leadership. It recommends that there is a need for African states to improve its infrastructure, recognise the capacity of the private sector to generate wealth and induce development, with open economies to member’s states.

scholarly journals South African Economic Development in SADC Sub-Regional Integration

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1(J)) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew O. Enaifoghe ◽  
Toyin C. Adetiba
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
South African ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Economic Relationships ◽  
Apartheid Regime

Following the end of colonialism in the Southern African sub-region, the SADC has experienced a thorough rearrangement with South Africa as the front-runner as opposed to her pre-1994 stance on integration. African regional cooperation has nevertheless been revitalised in some ways as a result of the two major events which started in the beginning of the 1990s that include the abolition of the apartheid regime in South Africa, and the eventual stabilisation of both political and economic relationships in the Southern Africa sub-region. This study employs the use of content analyses to assess the position of South Africa investments in SADC. Through the use ofregional integration, the studyfurther examined various South Africa’s Key Economy Performance since 1994 which are the main contributing factors to South African economic growth; furthermore it looks at her material, commodity and political investment in the subregional integration process to determine if it serves as the strategy for National Economic Development for South Africa.The paper find out thatregardless of South Africa’s economic clout within the SADC region, its Foreign Direct Investment is predominantly from its investment and market penetration of Southern Africa region while maintaining constant economic growth.  

scholarly journals THE ROLE AND INVOLVEMENT OF BUSINESS AND INSTITUTIONAL OPERATORS IN PROMOTING LOCAL INVESTMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH BY ACCESSING AND USING GRANTS. MEASURES AND COURSES OF ACTION

10.26458/1715 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Janina Mirela Gabroveanu (Vladoi) ◽  
Alexandru Stefanescu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

Starting from the premise that sustainable development is an overall objective of EU Member States,that can be achieved through international cooperation that aims at economic growth, social development and environmental protection, the European Commission analyzed the socio-economic and investment context of the member states, identified risks and opportunities and made some recommendations.This paper presents the best practices of the European funding system to improve the accountability of business or institutional operators accessing European funds and the measures taken by some Member States for good governance.We emphasize the need to know the socio-economic and investment context by all stakeholders and initiate concrete measures of action to ensure real and sustainable economic growth by identifying feasible and lasting solutions; what is the role of business or institutional operators at local and regional level and how it could ensure good governance at local and regional level by applying for grants.

scholarly journals South African Economic Development in SADC Sub-Regional Integration

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Andrew O. Enaifoghe ◽  
Toyin C. Adetiba
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
South African ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Economic Relationships ◽  
Apartheid Regime

Following the end of colonialism in the Southern African sub-region, the SADC has experienced a thorough rearrangement with South Africa as the front-runner as opposed to her pre-1994 stance on integration. African regional cooperation has nevertheless been revitalised in some ways as a result of the two major events which started in the beginning of the 1990s that include the abolition of the apartheid regime in South Africa, and the eventual stabilisation of both political and economic relationships in the Southern Africa sub-region. This study employs the use of content analyses to assess the position of South Africa investments in SADC. Through the use ofregional integration, the studyfurther examined various South Africa’s Key Economy Performance since 1994 which are the main contributing factors to South African economic growth; furthermore it looks at her material, commodity and political investment in the subregional integration process to determine if it serves as the strategy for National Economic Development for South Africa.The paper find out thatregardless of South Africa’s economic clout within the SADC region, its Foreign Direct Investment is predominantly from its investment and market penetration of Southern Africa region while maintaining constant economic growth.  

The Short Happy Life of the SADC Tribunal: the Perils of Regional Integration in Southern Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Mwiza Jo Nkhata
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Southern African Development Community ◽  
Member States ◽  
African Development ◽  
Happy Life

AbstractUnder the Treaty Establishing the Southern African Development Community (the Treaty) one of the institutions of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) was the Southern African Development Community Tribunal (the Tribunal). The Tribunal was established as the sole judicial organ of SADC. The Tribunal was established as part of the reorganisation of regional integration efforts within Southern Africa. The global atmosphere prevailing at the time the Tribunal was established, together with the lofty statements in the SADC’s founding instruments, suggest that there was a regional commitment to the ideals of human rights, rule of law and democracy among SADC member States. The Tribunal’s life, however, was short-lived. This paper analyses the prospects and lessons for regional integration within the SADC region from the perspective of the disbanding of the Tribunal and attempts to decipher the implications of the disbanding for regional integration in Southern Africa.

scholarly journals Challenge’s Impeding Regional Integration in Southern Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Victor H Mlambo ◽  
Daniel N Mlambo
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Educational Development ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Member States ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Knowledge Policy

Regional integration through the establishment of regional groupings has been taunted as a gateway to regional development and growth, the coming together of countries to share and contribute to knowledge, policy development, peace and security, trade and educational development is undoubtedly seen as the key to the development of Southern Africa. However, regional integration in Southern Africa has been hampered by numerous challenges which have derailed the quest of regional countries to deepen integration and cooperation. By strictly analyzing relevant literature related to regional integration in Southern Africa, it became evident that the region is engulfed with serious challenges that are hindering the quest for deeper integration, and often this is further compounded by internal economic challenges that members’ states are faced with. The study uncovered the fact that regional integration has been difficult to entrench as member states are confronted with numerous internal challenges which are diverting their need to focus on regional matters. Consequently, regional integration is under threat in Southern Africa as many countries are not effectively prioritizing the development of policies aimed at aiding its entrenchment, mainly because of the significance of the challenges that they are facing and this will further affect members’ states regarding socioeconomic development. The study underscored the importance for regional governments to cooperate on issues of common threats and urgently develop and institute policies/mechanisms that would ensure the entrenchment of regional integration and more importantly its sustainability. 

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