scholarly journals Studying and evaluating the performance of pedestrian crossing facilities in Babil governorate

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-431
Author(s):  
Ali Dakhil ◽  
Dheyaa Alobaidi ◽  
Saba Shaheed
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Pedestrian Bridges ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
The One ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing ◽  
In Transit

Walking is one of the oldest means of mobility. It is an indispensable necessity to reach destinations despite the fact that walking or walking is one of everyday activities of man, which have positive effects on health, and activity on the one hand; vehicles cannot reach destinations only required by often walking from the other. The main problem address by the research is the random passage of the sieve and uncontrolled when it is most designs for the city’s road network have not addressed. This fundamental problem as well as the lack of a city to the safe facilities to cross the pedestrian. Therefore, this paper is a trial to study and analyze the current reality of crossing the sap then find solutions and treatments that reduce or limit the overlap between different traffic events and events crossing the pedestrian. Field data on the syllabic traffic volumes collected in all areas of the study (peak hour volume) and the photographic technique method. The study chose four areas to study the sap (60th Street, 40th Street, Al-Hussein, intersection circle at Babel Health Department), which are residential, commercial and educational zones, representing diversity in land use and scheme sidewalk and the design of the city of Hilla. The study attempted to show the state of lateral walks. The study also used the questionnaire method (interview survey) to determine the suitability of pedestrian bridges in transit and land transit. The study concluded that the area of Al-Hussein represents the highest traffic volumes of the sieve in addition to the lack of it the sidewalks in terms of absorption and quality and abuses. As well as the reluctance to use pedestrian bridges in transit in the area of 60th Street through high ground transit time, which necessitates the establishment of dual-step (fixed and mobile) – legislation and education through all means.

Pablo Neruda's Transnational Modernist Networks: Colombo-Madrid-London-Buenos Aires (1927–1933)

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-225
Author(s):  
Patricia Novillo-Corvalán
Keyword(s):  
Chamber Music ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Complex Composition ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
The One ◽  
Composition Process ◽  
In Transit ◽  
Standing Question

This article positions Pablo Neruda's poetry collection Residence on Earth I (written between 1925–1931 and published in 1933) as a ‘text in transit’ that allows us to trace the development of transnational modernist networks through the text's protracted physical journey from British colonial Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) to Madrid, and from José Ortega y Gasset's Revista de Occidente (The Western Review) to T. S. Eliot's The Criterion. By mapping the text's diasporic movement, I seek to reinterpret its complex composition process as part of an anti-imperialist commitment that proposes a form of aesthetic solidarity with artistic modernism in Ceylon, on the one hand, and as a vehicle through which to interrogate the reception and categorisation of Latin American writers and their cultural institutions in a British periodical such as The Criterion, on the other. I conclude with an examination of Neruda's idiosyncratic Spanish translation of Joyce's Chamber Music, which was published in the Buenos Aires little magazine Poesía in 1933, positing that this translation exercise takes to further lengths his decolonising views by giving new momentum to the long-standing question of Hiberno-Latin American relations.

scholarly journals A Neural Network-Based Approach for Approximating Arbitrary Roots of Polynomials

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Diogo Freitas ◽  
Luiz Guerreiro Lopes ◽  
Fernando Morgado-Dias
Keyword(s):  
Iterative Methods ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Iterative Algorithms ◽  
Rounding Errors ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Simultaneous Iterative Methods ◽  
Complex Roots ◽  
Roots Of Polynomials ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
The One

Finding arbitrary roots of polynomials is a fundamental problem in various areas of science and engineering. A myriad of methods was suggested to address this problem, such as the sequential Newton’s method and the Durand–Kerner (D–K) simultaneous iterative method. The sequential iterative methods, on the one hand, need to use a deflation procedure in order to compute approximations to all the roots of a given polynomial, which can produce inaccurate results due to the accumulation of rounding errors. On the other hand, the simultaneous iterative methods require good initial guesses to converge. However, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are widely known by their capacity to find complex mappings between the dependent and independent variables. In view of this, this paper aims to determine, based on comparative results, whether ANNs can be used to compute approximations to the real and complex roots of a given polynomial, as an alternative to simultaneous iterative algorithms like the D–K method. Although the results are very encouraging and demonstrate the viability and potentiality of the suggested approach, the ANNs were not able to surpass the accuracy of the D–K method. The results indicated, however, that the use of the approximations computed by the ANNs as the initial guesses for the D–K method can be beneficial to the accuracy of this method.

scholarly journals Accessibility and attractiveness of primary care services in Algeria: Models of spatial interaction of the NHPF of the Eastern Health Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
Nasreddine AISSAOUI ◽  
Said BRIKA
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Interaction ◽  
Eastern Health ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Primary Care Services ◽  
Eastern Algeria ◽  
The One ◽  
Financial Allocation

The restructuring of basic health care structures represented by public institutions nearby care in Algeria, according to Executive Decree 07/140 of 19 May 2007, could have effects both positive and negative: positive effects as we quote the approximation of diversified health services towards the citizen. As for the negative effects they live in ignorance of the real role of this kind of structure, namely the prevention in the broad sense of the term before the one of care. Among the results of our case study on the 7 wilayas of eastern Algeria, we noted: a small financial allocation and a shortage of medical and paramedical human resources, which have frozen the role of these NHPF, and which have favored the caregiver’s recourse to hospital emergencies. On the other hand, we have also noticed the sufficient number of these structures throughout all the communes of the country and their proximity to the living environments, despite the derisory number of services rendered, which were able to meet certain needs of the inhabitants.

scholarly journals RELIGION IN THOUGHT MURTADHA MUTHAHHARI

Tsaqofah ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Didin Komarudin Komarudin
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The One ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Religious Actors

This writing is based on the background that religious formalism is increasingly becoming a fundamental problem. This is marked by the patterns and behavior of people who claim to be religious but there is no concrete implementation in their daily lives. This research was conducted to determine the concept of religion as a fitrah for humans as well as how religious beliefs are to the level of the relationship between religion and science according to Murtadha Motahhari. This research is a qualitative study that uses a sociological analysis approach, while the data in this study come from content analysis collected from various sources. , the level of religious belief, until people know God, the criticisms of Murtadha muthahhari which are an integral part of the life of the above figures to practice true religious values. Religion as human nature gives birth to the belief that religion is the only way to fulfill all needs, so that religion is not only a label or social formality but is able to become a guide in life and life. All religions teach goodness and peace, and no religion teaches violence. But sometimes there is violence in the name of religion because of a lack of understanding or a distortion of the source of religion itself. So that religion is sometimes used, and it seems that religion and religious practice are the opposite. So what is blamed on the concept of religion itself is actually the one who is wrong for religious actors.

scholarly journals The impact of the means of communication on family relationships

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Twana Faraidun Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Questionnaire Form ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Day By Day

This research tries to access to a range of outcomes, and to answer the fundamental question, a search (What is the impact of the means of communication on family relationships?).Try researcher through the form of a questionnaire to collect information in the field of the research community and in order to achieve his goal, And it relied on the questionnaire form for being an important means used extensively in sociology studies, The center of the city of Sulaymaniyah spatial boundaries of the search, where it is taken (200) and a sample search unit and distributed to three different areas (rich, middle and poor) by taking a stratified random sample, The fact that the population of the city of Sulaymaniyah different in terms of economic and cultural level, it's easy to take the mixed researcher and different sample representing the research community in terms of level, category, and class. They were assembled for the purpose of research and study.      It must be pointed out that this research is particularly important at the present time because the means of communication have spread widely in the Kurdish community and become accessible to everyone on the one hand, on the other hand, the number of users of these methods is increasing day by day, This is in addition to the increased demand for them constantly, making conduct such research in this importance area to see its impact on family relationships, and knowledge of its money from the effects (negative and positive) It is known that this means a double-edged her weapon of negative and positive effects at the same time, It must be the effort to reduce the negative effects of these tools and become members of the community in the service, and most importantly of all, do educate individuals on how to deal with these tools properly. It also offers search a set of proposals and recommendations to the concerned authorities to work out and strengthen the community in front of the challenges of the era of globalization of communications and response, where he became the Kurdish community a society open to the outside world through these means, which resulted in a change of values and social norms and behaviors that were adhered to by members of the community.

scholarly journals Low effect on open-farmland birds of young afforestations in heterogeneous Mediterranean croplands

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan S. Sánchez-Oliver ◽  
José M. Rey Benayas ◽  
Luis M. L.M. Carrascal
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Conservation Value ◽  
Farmland Birds ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The One

Afforestation programs such as the one promoted by the EU Common Agricultural Policy have spread tree plantations on former cropland. These afforestations attract generalist forest and ubiquitous species but may cause severe damage to open habitat species, especially birds of high conservation value. We investigated the effects of young (< 20 yr) tree plantations dominated by pine P. halepensis on bird communities inhabiting the adjacent open farmland habitat in central Spain. We hypothesize that pine plantations with larger surface, and areas at shorter distances from plantations, would result in lower bird species richness and conservation value of open farmland birds. Regression models controlling for the influence of land use types around plantations revealed significant positive effects of distance to pine plantation edge on community species richness in winter, and negative effects on an index of conservation concern (SPEC) during the breeding season. However, plantation area did not have any effect on species richness or community conservation value. Our results indicate that pine afforestation of Mediterranean cropland in heterogeneous agricultural landscapes has an overall low detrimental effect on bird species that are characteristic of open farmland habitat.

scholarly journals Analysis of Pedestrians’ Perceptions about the Design Aspects of Crossing Facilities: A Case in Nizwa, Oman

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ashraf Javid ◽  
Mashood Khalid ◽  
Nazam Ali ◽  
Tiziana Campisi ◽  
Antonino Canale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Good Design ◽  
Pedestrian Bridges ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing

This study aims to identify the key factors in pedestrians’ intentions when using crossing facilities. For this purpose, a comprehensive questionnaire was designed and conducted at selected locations in Nizwa city. The main investigated variables are linked to personal characteristics, opinions on the main reasons for accidents, and how hard it is for pedestrians to cross roads at different locations in Nizwa city. Statements were also designed on the safety and health aspects of pedestrian crossings, as well as the physical and design aspects of pedestrian crossing facilities. Suitable locations were selected for the survey to assess the main concerns of pedestrian facilities. A total of 280 usable samples were collected from the selected locations. The analysis results revealed that young pedestrians do not find it difficult to use pedestrian bridges and underpasses when crossing roads. Pedestrians’ prioritization of safety when crossing, pedestrians’ health conditions, the proper cleaning and lighting of facilities, and the good design of facilities are significant determinants of pedestrians’ intentions when using crossing facilities. Crossing facilities need to be maintained properly, for example, through the cleaning and lighting of facilities. Proper awareness among pedestrians and vehicle drivers is required for the safety of pedestrians.

Airbnb Contribution to Rural Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-46
Author(s):  
Abbas Strømmen-Bakhtiar ◽  
Evgueni Vinogradov ◽  
Marit Kristin Kvarum ◽  
Kristian Rydland Antonsen
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Urban Bias ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The One

The technological developments described in terms of industrial revolutions or disruptive innovations have been shaping economic and social life in rural areas. The global trend towards urbanization presents a major challenge to rural communities. The aim of this article is to study how the peer-to-peer economy influences rural municipalities. On the one hand, in the literature, it is argued that sharing economy may improve accessibility, encourage mobility, attract investments and reduce urban bias. On the other hand, both academics and practitioners are aware of the disruptive effects of sharing economy on e.g., local real estate and labor markets. This qualitative study is based on empirical data from a municipality on the Lofoten Islands of Norway. The results demonstrate that Airbnb has some positive and some negative effects on rural development, but the magnitudes of these effects are modest. Of positive effects, the authors can mention increased local tourism, stimulation of conservation/restoration of traditional houses, and increased recreational mobility for rural residents.

Modeling Pedestrian and Motorist Interaction at Semi-Controlled Crosswalks: The Effects of a Change from One-Way to Two-Way Street Operation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (11) ◽  
pp. 433-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon D. Fricker ◽  
Yunchang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Pavement Markings ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Ordered Logistic Regression ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The One ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing ◽  
And Control

A large number of crosswalks are indicated by pavement markings and signs, but are not signal-controlled. In this paper, such a location is called “semi-controlled.” At locations where such a crosswalk has moderate amounts of pedestrian and vehicle traffic, pedestrians and motorists often engage in a non-verbal “negotiation” to determine who should proceed first. This paper describes the detailed analysis of video recordings of more than 3,400 pedestrian–motorist interactions at semi-controlled crosswalks. The study also took advantage of a conversion from one-way operation in spring 2017 to two-way operation in spring 2018 on the street chosen for data collection and analysis. This permitted before and after studies at the same location. The pedestrian models used mixed effects logistic regression and binary logistic regression to identify factors that influence the likelihood of a pedestrian crossing under specified conditions. The complementary motorist models used generalized ordered logistic regression to identify factors that impact a driver’s likelihood of decelerating, which was found to be a more useful factor than likelihood of yielding to pedestrian. The data showed that 56.5% of drivers slowed down or stopped for pedestrians on the one-way street. This value rose to 63.9% on the same street after it had been converted to two-way operation. Moreover, two-way operation eliminated the effects of the presence of other vehicles on driver behavior. Relationships were found that can lead to policies and control strategies designed to improve the operation of such a crosswalk.

scholarly journals Evaluating Outwards Regeneration Effects (OREs) in Neighborhood-Based Projects: A Reversal of Perspective and the Proposal for a New Tool

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10559
Author(s):  
Valeria Saiu
Keyword(s):  
Life Quality ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Important Field ◽  
The One ◽  
Effective Assessment ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

This paper proposes a reversal of perspective in the evaluation of Regeneration projects. Until now, attention has been mainly focused on project “internal effectiveness”, in reference to the environment and life quality improvement of the areas directly affected by the interventions. The effects induced in the wider urban context are rarely sufficiently analyzed. This aspect instead opens an important field of investigation, useful for a broader assessment of regeneration initiatives, especially with regards to Public Housing Neighborhoods where the long-term project success also depends on the positive effects it generates in the surroundings. Therefore, the aim of this research is to develop a conceptualization of “Outwards Regeneration Effects” (OREs), based on an extensive literature review, and to make it operational through a conceptual framework for the qualitative analysis. The results of this study, on the one hand, highlight several critical issues raised by the interventions implemented so far, and, on the other hand, provide a more effective assessment framework, useful in the evaluation of future projects. Further developments of such an approach could lead to the development of operational evaluation models, combining both qualitative and quantitative indicators, starting from the implementation of the proposed analytic framework.

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