scholarly journals Zmiany w polskim handlu zagranicznym produktami wieprzowymi po wprowadzeniu przez Rosję embarga

2017 ◽  
Vol 17(32) (2) ◽  
pp. 186-198
Author(s):  
Dorota Pasińska
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Pork Production ◽  
Pork Products ◽  
Geographic Structure ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Eu

The article attempts to identify the most important changes in the international trade of pork and pigs after the announcement of the embargo by the Russia. For the verification of the main goal of article were used the analysis of changes over time and an analysis of the structure of the total foreign trade (exports and imports) and with Russia in 2011-2015. The used data come from the Ministry of Finance. The situation on the domestic pork market in 2014 was difficult due to the significant increase in pork production both in Poland and in the EU, the occurrence of the ASF (and related restrictions on exports to many third countries), and introduction the embargo by Russia, which was one of major buyers of pork products exported from Poland. As a result, the geographic structure of exports had changed. In the analyzed period Poland was a net importer of pork products and the foreign trade balance of these products with Russia was positive.

Cannons over the EU legal order: The decision of the BVerfG (5 May 2020) in the Weiss case

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-142
Author(s):  
Filippo Annunziata
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Banking Union ◽  
Preliminary Ruling ◽  
Banking Supervision ◽  
The Public ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Eu

The Weiss affair, culminating in the BVerfG ruling of 5 May 2020 ( Weiss II), marks a break-up point in the long-standing dialogue between the BVerfG and the CJEU. The judges in Karlsruhe refused to follow the decision rendered by the CJEU in a preliminary ruling ( Weiss I) and ordered EU institutions to provide further clarifications on the proportionality assessment of the Public Sector Purchase Programme. This paper claims that the principles applied by the BVerfG in Weiss I are quite similar to those employed in the Gauweiler and Landeskreditbank-Banking Union cases. Considering that background, it will be argued that the construction of the principles employed by the BVerfG for the judicial review of EU acts did not undergo dramatic changes over time. The different outcome of Weiss II is due to the fact that, according to the BVerfG, insufficient elements of explanation and justification were provided by the ECB and the CJEU. Therefore, the central problem of Weiss II ends up being a procedural question of allegedly insufficient statements of reasons. From Gauweiler to Weiss II, one also sees the development of the standards for the judicial review of the ECB’s decisions, in the fields of both monetary policy and banking supervision.

scholarly journals Covid-19 pandemic and Foreign Trade: A Comparative Analysis in Indian Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 3334-3340
Author(s):  
Devasish Hazarika
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Trade Surplus ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Merchandise Trade

Covid-19 and lockdown as its preventive measure hit Indian Economy at a worst time. The trade performances prior to the pandemic was not satisfactory and held a decreasing trend in terms of the previous periods. In this paper an honest attempt has been made to analyse international trade as an Engine of Economic Growth, that is, its importance or significance in Economic Growth processes as well as to assess the comparative trend in international trade before and after the pandemic situation. This paper is based on secondary data. The paper is essentially a descriptive and analytical in nature. Statistical tools like graph, table etc are used for better understanding. The foreign trade is found to be diminishing in its share while analysing the data of last 10 years prior to the pandemic and nationwide lockdown. The merchandise trade surplus in June 2020 was estimated at USD 0.79 billion as against deficit of USD 15.28 billion in June, 2019. The trade balance for service is estimated at USD 6.83 on 15th July,2020. India recorded first trade surplus since January, 2002.

scholarly journals The network of international trade in services

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Tajoli ◽  
Federico Airoldi ◽  
Carlo Piccardi
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Trade In Services ◽  
Global Properties ◽  
International Services ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

AbstractWhile the share of services in international trade has been increasing very slowly over the years, oscillating around 20 per cent since the 1990s, their role has constantly gained importance. Trade in services certainly faces many more obstacles than trade in goods, but its impact on globalization and countries’ competitiveness is crucial, and it is therefore worth investigating its characteristics. The present work aims to analyse the networks of international trade in services and to unveil specific properties by exploiting a number of existing methodologies and algorithms. After describing the global properties of the networks of the various service classes, we investigate differences and similarities among them, and we highlight the most influential countries in the trade of specific services. We find that traded services display sharply different characteristics and they can be grouped in two different sets according to their network structures. Countries’ positions in these networks are diversified, with connections unevenly distributed, especially for some service categories. We discover that the structure of links, i.e. the topology of the networks, identifies the role of countries much more clearly than the sole amount of services traded. Overall, the results highlight important features, as well as changes over time, in the landscape of the international services.

scholarly journals CHANGES OF EU COUNTRIES POSITIONS IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE OF MINERAL FUELS IN 2006–2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Dariusz Staszczak
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Trade Deficit ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Third ◽  
Oil Shock ◽  
The Eu

This paper analyzes changes of exports, imports and trade balance in mineral fuels, lubricants, and related materials (named fuels in this article) of EU member states in 2006–2015. Fuels are specific commodities because the most of the EU countries are dependent on fuel imports. Moreover, trade balance in fuels is important for EU countries because of its significant importance for trade balance in all goods. Author illustrated a dominating position of net importer of fuels in this period. There were the following most important net importers of fuels in 2015: Germany, France, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, Belgium, Austria and Poland. In 2006, Germany was also the first net importer but Italy was the second one and France the third one. Poland obtained the ninth position in 2006. Denmark was the EU net exporter of fuels in the researched period. Moreover, trade deficit in fuels of most EU net importers improved, i.e. decreased in 2015 in comparison to the situation in 2006 because of the lower oil prices and undertaking of ecological innovations in production, including the agriculture. In the researched analyzed period, the biggest imports and trade deficits in fuels of the majority of EU countries were in 2008. Such a situation was connected with the third oil shock.

scholarly journals Polski handel zagraniczny środkami mechanizacji rolnictwa w latach 2004-2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 17(32) (1) ◽  
pp. 161-172
Author(s):  
Monika Roman
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Farm Machinery ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
Negative Balance ◽  
Trade Partners ◽  
The Eu

The aim of the article was to determine the changes in foreign trade of farm machinery in Poland in 2004-2015. The article presents the value of exports and imports of farm machinery in total, according to geographical area, as well as for selected types of agricultural machinery. The article uses secondary data from the Ministry of Finance, gathered as part of the Integrated Customs Tariff Information System. In the analyzed period, Poland was characterized by a negative balance of foreign trade. The value of imports of farm machinery increased more than threefold, while the value of exports nearly quadrupled. In 2015, Poland exported most of its farm machinery to the EU-28 (65% of export value), especially to Germany, France and Belgium. Within the EU-28, Poland is also the most imported (87% of import value), and its main trade partners were Germany, Italy and France.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN TRADE OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA FROM 2004 – 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emina Resić ◽  
Zijada Rahimić
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Economic Welfare ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Production Structure ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Total Exchange

The aim of this paper is to identify the basic characteristics of foreign trade of Bosnia and Herzegovina in terms of determining the volume, trends, geographic orientation, production structure and level of concentration of export-import flows in the selected time period, with emphasis on its trade with major partners, such as the EU and CEFTA. A special emphasis has been placed on exports as a driver of growth and development of the domestic economy. In order for the economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina to grow, creating jobs and increasing economic welfare of its citizens, it must focus on international trade, particularly the increase in the volume and value of exports. To say that the export is a requirement for survival may sound dramatic, but there can be no doubt that our country needs to improve its trading result. This reflects the importance of foreign trade. The focus of the analysis is placed on the dynamics and structure of the total exchange of BIH in the period from 2004 to 2018. Analysis was done using the appropriate method of dynamic analysis (index methods, average annual growth rate). The main results indicate not so positive trends for international trade of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

scholarly journals Direction and Problems of Foreign Trade in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Shashikala Sharma
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Trade Expansion ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World

 Foreign trade or international trade is the transaction of goods and services between two or more countries. It plays a vital role in developing the economy of a country. The purpose of this study was to identify the direction and problems of foreign trade in Nepal, and to find out the possibilities of foreign trade expansion of the period from fiscal year 2011/12 to 2018/19. The study used quantitative data collected from secondary sources consulting physical library and internet. It was found in the study that most of the foreign trade of Nepal is directed to India. It was also found that there was deficit trade balance as there was decreasing export and increasing imports. As a result, the trade balance is negative and growing every year. Further, the foreign trade in Nepal is highly dependent with India which needs to be diversified to rest of the world.

scholarly journals Competitiveness in International Trade in Knowledge-Intensive Services – The Case of Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Wyszkowska-Kuna
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
International Services ◽  
International Transactions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The aim of this paper is to study Poland’s competitiveness in international trade in knowledge-intensive services (KIS). The author analyzes the trends in Polish KIS trade and tries to answer the question whether Poland is moving towards obtaining a comparative advantage in this field. The first part of the paper presents a definition and classification of KIS, indicators to measure competitiveness in international services trade, and a short review of the research in this field. The second part of the study is empirical. The author uses traditional indicators of international competitiveness such as: export performance, trade balance, and the RCA index. The analysis also touches upon the impact of Poland’s accession to the EU on its competitiveness in KIS trade. Finally, some possible determinants of Poland’s competitiveness in particular KIS sectors are indicated. The paper uses the Eurostat and WTO databases. The analyzed period for international transactions is usually 2000-2010, but for Poland the 1994-2010 period was used, i.e. since the European Agreement entered into force.

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