Evaluation of toxicity and antioxidative effects of Tussilago farfara and Verbascum thapsus water extracts in zebrafish and in bronchial epithelial cells

Tussilago farfara (coltsfoot) and Verbascum thapsus (mullein) have been used as folk remedies for treating respiratory disorders. The aim of this study was to test the toxicity of the water extracts of T. farfara and V. thapsus in vivo in zebrafish and in vitro in BEAS 2B epithelial bronchial cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the antioxidative properties of T. farfara and V. thapsus extracts in cell culture. Our results show that the T. farfara leaf extract does not produce toxic effects on zebrafish embryos or BEAS 2B cells, and that it has a protective effect in BEAS 2B after induction of oxidative stress. The water extract from V. thapsus displayed pronounced toxic effects on zebrafish embryos and BEAS 2B cells and did not exhibit a significant antioxidative effect on BEAS 2B cells exposed to oxidative stress. Our results suggest that the use of T. farfara water leaf extract is potentially safe and effective in treating respiratory disorders, whereas the use of V. thapsus needs further investigation. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. ON173008]

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In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Properties of Taraxacum officinale in Nω-Nitro-l-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME)-Induced Hypertensive Rats

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox8080309 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 309

Author(s):

Olukayode O. Aremu ◽

Adebola O. Oyedeji ◽

Opeoluwa O. Oyedeji ◽

Benedicta N. Nkeh-Chungag ◽

Constance R. Sewani Rusike

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Free Radical ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Total Antioxidant

Oxidative stress has gained attention as one of the fundamental mechanisms responsible for the development of hypertension. The present study investigated in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effects of 70% ethanol-water (v/v) leaf and root extracts of T. officinale (TOL and TOR, respectively). Total phenolic and flavonoid content of plant extracts were assessed using Folin Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods; while, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrlhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) protocols were used to determine the free radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacities (TAC), respectively. The in vivo total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde acid (MDA) levels for lipid peroxidation tests were performed on organ homogenate samples from Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats treated with leaf extract, TOL (500 mg/kg/day) and TOR (500 mg/kg/day) for 21 days. Results showed that compared to TOR, TOL possessed significantly higher (p < 0.01) polyphenol (4.35 ± 0.15 compared to 1.14 ± 0.01) and flavonoid (23.17 ± 0.14 compared to 3 ± 0.05) content; free radical scavenging activity (EC50 0.37 compared to 1.34 mg/mL) and total antioxidant capacities (82.56% compared to 61.54% ABTS, and 156 ± 5.28 compared to 40 ± 0.31 FRAP) and both extracts showed no toxicity (LD50 > 5000 mg/kg). TOL and TOR significantly (p < 0.01) elevated TAC and reduced MDA levels in targets organs. In conclusion, T. officinale leaf extract possesses significant anti-oxidant effects which conferred significant in vivo antioxidant protection against free radical-mediated oxidative stress in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats.

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Evaluation of deoxynivalenol-induced toxic effects on DF-1 cells in vitro: Cell-cycle arrest, oxidative stress, and apoptosis

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.etap.2013.11.015 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 141-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Daotong Li ◽

Yaqiong Ye ◽

Shaoqing Lin ◽

Li Deng ◽

Xiaolong Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cell Cycle ◽

Cell Cycle Arrest ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Cycle Arrest

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Raphanus sativus ameliorates atherogeneic lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats and hypercholesterolemia-associated peroxidative liver damage

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY ◽

10.24297/jac.v7i3.2374 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 1385-1394 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mozammel Haque ◽

Jahirul Islam ◽

Asiqur Rahaman ◽

Fowzia Akter Selina ◽

Mohammad Azizur Rahman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Raphanus Sativus ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Water Extract ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipid Peroxide ◽

Hot Water

Objective: Raphanus sativus is a hugely used edible root vegetable. We investigated whether the feeding of the Raphanus sativus hot water extract (RSE) ameliorates atherogenic lipid profile and oxidative stress in hypercholesterolemia. Methods: After feeding of the RSE to hypercholesterolemic rats for 6 weeks, the levels of plasma and hepatic total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and plasma high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and fecal TC levels were studied. The effects of RSE on the hepatic enzymes, namely alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), the levels of lipid peroxide (LPO) and liver histology were also evaluated. Results: Hypercholesterolemia increased the levels of TC and TG in the plasma and livers. The levels of ALT, AST and ALP in plasma and LPO in the liver also increased. The dietary RSE, however, significantly ameliorated the above atherogenic lipids and liver enzymes. The RSE significantly reduced the levels of LPO in the liver, suggesting an in vivo protection against of oxidative stress. The RSE also inhibited the in vitro Fenton’s reagent-induced oxidative stress, thus corroborating the in vivo anti-LPO actions of RSE. The levels of hepatic LPO were positively correlated with plasma AST (r=0.76; P <0.05) and ALT (r=0.43; P<0.05) levels. Histologically, the livers of the RSE-fed hypercholesterolemic rats exhibited lesser fatty droplets and reduced inflammatory cells. Conclusion: Finally, R. sativus extract lowers the cardiovascular disease risk factors under hypercholesterolemic situation by increasing the plasma/hepatic clearance of cholesterol and improving the hypercholesterolemia-induced oxidative damage of hepatic tissues.

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Perfluorononanoic acid impedes mouse oocyte maturation by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress

10.1101/2021.07.06.451300 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaofei Jiao ◽

Ning Liu ◽

Yiding Xu ◽

Huanyu Qiao

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Dna Damage ◽

Oocyte Maturation ◽

Early Stage ◽

Spindle Assembly ◽

Mouse Oocyte ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Germinal Vesicle Breakdown ◽

Maturation In Vitro

Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), a member of PFAS, is frequently detected in human blood and tissues, even in follicular fluid of women. The exposure of PFNA, but not PFOA and PFOS, is positively correlated with miscarriage and increased time to pregnancy. Toxicological studies indicated that PFNA exposure is associated with immunotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, developmental toxicity, and reproductive toxicity in animals. However, there is little information regarding the toxic effects of PFNA on oocyte maturation. In this study, we investigated the toxic effects of PFNA exposure on mouse oocyte maturation in vitro. Our results showed that 600 μM PFNA significantly inhibited germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and polar body extrusion (PBE) in mouse oocytes. Our further study revealed that PFNA induced abnormal metaphase I (MI) spindle assembly, evidenced by malformed spindles and mislocalization of p-ERK1/2 in PFNA-treated oocytes. We also found that PFNA induced abnormal mitochondrial distribution and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. Consequently, PFNA increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, leading to oxidative stress, DNA damage, and eventually early-stage apoptosis in oocytes. In addition, after 14 h culture, PFNA disrupted the formation of metaphase II (MII) spindle in most PFNA-treated oocytes with polar bodies. Collectively, our results indicate that PFNA interferes with oocyte maturation in vitro via disrupting spindle assembly, damaging mitochondrial functions, and inducing oxidative stress, DNA damage, and early-stage apoptosis.

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Antioxidant Effects of Short-Neck Clam (Tapes philippinarum) Water Extract Containing Taurine Against AAPH-Induced Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Embryos

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - Taurine 10 ◽

10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_82 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 1035-1046

Author(s):

Dong-Sung Lee ◽

Seung-Hong Lee ◽

You-Jin Jeon ◽

Sun Hee Cheong

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Water Extract ◽

Zebrafish Embryos ◽

Short Neck ◽

Tapes Philippinarum ◽

Antioxidant Effects

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Antioxidant Effect of the Castanea sativa Mill. Leaf Extract on Oxidative Stress Induced upon Human Spermatozoa

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2019/8926075 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marco Biagi ◽

Daria Noto ◽

Maddalena Corsini ◽

Giulia Baini ◽

Daniela Cerretani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Sperm Motility ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Colorimetric Assay ◽

Castanea Sativa ◽

High Concentration ◽

Tem Analysis ◽

Dpph Test

This study was aimed at evaluating in vitro the effects of a 75% v/v ethanolic extract of leaves of Castanea sativa Mill. (var. Bastarda Rossa, Mount Amiata, Tuscany, Italy) on ejaculated human sperm. Total polyphenols and total flavonoids contained in the extract were determined by a colorimetric assay and HPLC-DAD. The DPPH test and electrochemistry were utilized to study the antioxidant activity of the extract. Swim-up-selected sperm from 8 healthy men were treated with the C. sativa leaf extract at different dilutions (1 : 100, 1 : 200, and 1 : 500), and sperm motility was assessed following the WHO guidelines. Swim-up-selected spermatozoa were incubated with 100 μM H2O2 to induce lipid peroxidation (LPO) and with H2O2 and the leaf extract (1 : 100, 1 : 200, and 1 : 500) to test the antioxidant activity of the extract. The levels of LPO were determined by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. The treated samples were also analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for ultrastructural evaluation. The chemical analysis showed that one-third ca. of the polyphenols in the C. sativa extract were made up of flavonoids, with hyperoside present in high concentration. A good antioxidant activity was demonstrated by both the DPPH test and electrochemical analysis. The C. sativa leaf extract did not decrease sperm motility at all tested dilutions. Treatment with H2O2 alone caused a significant increment in MDA levels (P=0.006993), while the treatment with H2O2 plus C. sativa extract diluted to 1 : 100 and 1 : 200 significantly reduced MDA levels (P=0.01476 and P=0.01571, respectively), with respect to H2O2 alone. TEM analysis confirmed the protective effect of the extract on damage induced by LPO, in particular that occurring at the plasma membrane level. The C. sativa leaf extract could be used in human and farm animal protocols for gamete handling, such as techniques of assisted reproduction and cryopreservation of semen, all conditions in which oxidative stress is exacerbated.

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Inhibition of cPLA2 and sPLA2 Activities in Primary Cultures of Rat Cortical Neurons by Centella asiatica Water Extract

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1200700709 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Patrícia P. Defillipo ◽

André H. Raposo ◽

Alessandra G. Fedoce ◽

Aline S. Ferreira ◽

Hudson C. Polonini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cortical Neurons ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Primary Cultures ◽

Water Extract ◽

Centella Asiatica ◽

Long Time ◽

Rat Cortical Neurons ◽

Low Toxicity ◽

The Brain

Leaf extract of Centella asiatica has been used as an alternative medicine for memory improvement in the Indian Ayurvedic system of medicine for a long time. Although several studies have revealed its effect in ameliorating the cognitive impairment in rat models of Alzheimer's disease, the molecular mechanism of C. asiatica on neuroprotection still remains unexplained. In this study, we investigated the effects of C. asiatica water extract on activity of subtypes of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons and quantified by HPLC a possible molecule responsible for the activity. The cPLA2 and sPLA2 activities were inhibited in vitro by asiaticoside present in the water extract of C. asiatica. This extract may be a candidate for the treatment of neurodegenerative processes because of its pharmacological activity in the brain and its low toxicity, as attested by its long popular use as a natural product.

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Moringa oleifera L. Extracts as Bioactive Ingredients That Increase Safety of Body Wash Cosmetics

Dermatology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2020/8197902 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Zofia Nizioł-Łukaszewska ◽

Dominika Furman-Toczek ◽

Tomasz Bujak ◽

Tomasz Wasilewski ◽

Zofia Hordyjewicz-Baran

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Skin Irritation ◽

Tree Leaves ◽

Model Formulation ◽

Different Types ◽

Bioactive Ingredients ◽

Positive Effect

The work attempts to obtain a multifunctional plant extract derived from Moringa tree leaves. Obtained results indicate a strong antioxidant potential of the tested extracts. It was shown that Moringa oleifera leaf extract is a rich source of flavonoid and phenolic compounds. Furthermore, it shows a strong antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals. In vitro toxicity studies showed that the tested extracts in concentrations up to 5% showed a positive effect on cell proliferation and metabolism and may contribute to the reduction of oxidative stress in cells. It was noted that the tested model formulation of cosmetic (1% SCS) with the addition of different types of extracts might contribute to the reduction of skin irritation and improve the safety of the product.

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