scholarly journals Application of two rheological methods for flour testing to predict pasta quality

2017 ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Jelena Filipovic ◽  
Vladimir Filipovic
Keyword(s):  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Deformation Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Resistance To Deformation ◽  
Starch Retrogradation ◽  
Textural Attributes ◽  
Dough Extensibility ◽  
The Relationship

Two rheological methods were used for determining the quality of five different spelt flour samples as a raw material for pasta making. The measurements encompassed correlations between the mixolab and alveograph data and textural attributes for dry and cooked pasta, as well as pasta color. The flour denoted by 5 was scored as the most convenient raw material for pasta due to the following mixolab data: protein weakening (0.67?0.05), starch gelatinization (1.69?0.10), amylase activity (2.34?0.15), starch retrogradation (3.38?0.27), as well as good alveograph data: resistance to deformation (49?2), dough extensibility (77?1) and deformation energy (121?3) and their correlation with quality of Pasta 5 (hardness 5182.06?7.48g, adhesiveness 10.25?1.16 gsec, work of shear 410.33?5.44 gsec, fracturability 24.38?1.84 g, flexibility 27.02?1.69 mm). The method of principal component analysis proved to be a useful tool for detection of structure in the relationship beetween measuring rheological data and spelt pasta texture and color attributes.

scholarly journals A Methodology Based on FT-IR Data Combined with Random Forest Model to Generate Spectralprints for the Characterization of High-Quality Vinegars

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1411
Author(s):  
José Luis P. Calle ◽  
Marta Ferreiro-González ◽  
Ana Ruiz-Rodríguez ◽  
Gerardo F. Barbero ◽  
José Á. Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Ft Ir

Sherry wine vinegar is a Spanish gourmet product under Protected Designation of Origin (PDO). Before a vinegar can be labeled as Sherry vinegar, the product must meet certain requirements as established by its PDO, which, in this case, means that it has been produced following the traditional solera and criadera ageing system. The quality of the vinegar is determined by many factors such as the raw material, the acetification process or the aging system. For this reason, mainly producers, but also consumers, would benefit from the employment of effective analytical tools that allow precisely determining the origin and quality of vinegar. In the present study, a total of 48 Sherry vinegar samples manufactured from three different starting wines (Palomino Fino, Moscatel, and Pedro Ximénez wine) were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The spectroscopic data were combined with unsupervised exploratory techniques such as hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), as well as other nonparametric supervised techniques, namely, support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF), for the characterization of the samples. The HCA and PCA results present a clear grouping trend of the vinegar samples according to their raw materials. SVM in combination with leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) successfully classified 100% of the samples, according to the type of wine used for their production. The RF method allowed selecting the most important variables to develop the characteristic fingerprint (“spectralprint”) of the vinegar samples according to their starting wine. Furthermore, the RF model reached 100% accuracy for both LOOCV and out-of-bag (OOB) sets.

The (re-)establishment of order: Disorder in the priestly understanding and in the teaching and acts of Jesus

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-175
Author(s):  
Mark E. Biddle
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Christian Theology ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Objective Quality ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Concrete Reality ◽  
Legal Sense

While a biblical doctrine of sin requires the honest and careful assessment of the complexity and plurality of the biblical witness,2 especially with regard to the relationship of the two Testaments, scholarship often draws lines of demarcation between the two Testaments too sharply. Ancient Israel’s priests devoted significant attention to the “objective” quality of wrong done as a pastoral problem, for example. Leviticus establishes that “unintentional sin” covers the whole gamut of behaviors short of willful sin that can result in terrible injury and harm. Indeed, the priests so consistently held the notion that wrong inheres in a situation, regardless of the intention of the actor, that they could use the language of sin to discuss skin diseases (Lev 14:1–32) and mold in houses (Lev 14:33–53). Israel’s priests did not speculate as to the precise point along the spectrum of willfulness and inadvertence at which one becomes morally culpable in the legal sense. Instead, their approach was much more pastoral: whatever the psychological and ethical dynamics preceding and underlying a wrong, the priests saw their role primarily in terms of healing, restoration, and restitution. Jesus and James expanded the priestly notion of sin as an objective reality to include intention as a category in the discussion of sin, but did not make it definitive of sin. Although the Gospels preserve no other discourse of Jesus even impinging on the subject of the concrete reality of sin, Jesus’ behaviors, especially instances when he healed without assigning blame or seeking repentance first, manifest his priestly concern for correcting inherent wrongness, for restoring rightness. Following Jesus, the priests’ view that any disorder threatens the harmony of the cultic community can supply useful and pertinent raw material for Christian theology and ethics today.

scholarly journals Discrimination of Myrtle Ecotypes from Different Geographic Areas According to Their Morphological Characteristics and Anthocyanins Composition

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana V. González-de-Peredo ◽  
Mercedes Vázquez-Espinosa ◽  
Estrella Espada-Bellido ◽  
Marta Ferreiro-González ◽  
Antonio Amores-Arrocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Chemical Traits ◽  
Positive Effect

Myrtus communis L. is an evergreen shrub that produces berries with a high content in antioxidant compounds. Since these compounds have demonstrated a positive effect on human health, the interest on berries and their usages has increased. However, environmental conditions may affect the productivity of these species and consequently the quality of wild myrtle. Ecotypes from diverse geographical origins may result in significant variations in terms of bioactive compounds content as well as in chemical traits. For this reason, in this work ecotypes from two different localizations have been studied to determine if their differences in morphological and anthocyanins traits can be attributed to their origin and the environmental characteristics of these locations. For this, chemometric analyses such as Hierarchical Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis, were employed. The results showed differences between the ecotypes depending on their location. In particular, myrtle berries from maritime zones present greater fruit size and amount of bioactive compounds, which means an improvement in the quality of the final product based on this raw material. It can be concluded that both morphological and anthocyanins traits are related to the location of the ecotype and allow selecting the best ecotype for the required applications.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Nutritive Value of Condensed Fish Solubles to Quality of Raw Material

1949 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lassen ◽  
E.K. Bacon ◽  
H.J. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

A Quantitative Evaluation of the Quality of Recycled Steel in Uganda

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Senfuka ◽  
J. B. Kirabira ◽  
J. K. Byaruhanga
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Geometrical Properties ◽  
Direct Reduced Iron ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Recycled Steel ◽  
Made In

All steel made in Uganda is currently manufactured from scrap. Such steel has often been characterized by unpredictable performance in consonance with its inconsistent raw material inputs. This study evaluates and relates the mechanical, metallurgical and geometrical properties of these bars in order to identify the factors underlying the performance of the products from this steel and examine the relationship with their scrap content. In order to study the steels, tensile, torsion and micrographic tests have been carried out together with spark emission spectrometry on samples collected from different plants. The test results generally indicate impressive steel resilience, strength and metallographic properties in spite of relatively high and irregular carbon content. Limited weldability, uniaxiality of properties, uneven scatter of microelements and substantial non-uniformity of longitudinal mechanical properties have been observed. Rolling and post rolling defects have been noted. The geometric reliability of the bars has also been found generally low. Improvement of secondary refinement, use of direct reduced iron (DRI) diluent and more diligent sorting have suggested as solutions.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Beban Penggilingan terhadap Kuat Tarik Kertas Seni dari Tandan Kosong Nipah dan Pelepah Pisang

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Agung Eko Sucahyono
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Musa Sapientum ◽  
Nypa Fruticans ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Load Weight ◽  
Paper Quality

Penggunaan bahan non-kayu sebagai alternatif dalam pembuatan kertas seni sangat dibutuhkan. Namun, kualitas kertas yang dihasilkan seringkali cukup rendah dari sisi kekuatan tariknya. Salah satu alat yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas kertas seni adalah beater machine. Penelitian ini menggunakan tandan kosong nipah (Nypa fruticans) dan batang pisang (Musa sapientum) sebagai bahan baku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara penambahan beban pada mesin beater terhadap kuat tarik kertas seni. Metode yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan variabel bebas yaitu variasi campuran dan berat pembebanan pada mesin beater. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa besar pembebanan pada mesin beater berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kualitas kertas seni, sedangkan komposisi bahan tidak terlalu berpengaruh terhadap kualitas kertas. Kualitas kertas yang optimal diperoleh pada proporsi bahan baku pelepah nipah dengan campuran pelepah batang pisang 60%:40% dan berat pembebanan 3,9 kg, dengan nilai ketahanan tarik 4,24 kN/m atau 4.240 N/m.Kata kunci: kertas seni, mesin beater, nipah Effect of Refining Load on The Tensile Strength of Nypa and Banana Trunk Art PaperAbstractThe use of non-wood materials as an alternative in making of art paper is needed. However, the quality of the resulting paper is often quite low in terms of its tensile strength. One of the tools used to improve the quality of art paper is a beater machine. This research used nypha and banana trunk as raw material. This study aims to determine the relationship between the addition of load on the beater machine to the tensile strength of art paper. The method used is a randomized complete design with independent variables of variations in mixture and weight of loading on the beater machine. The results showed that the loading of the beater machine had an effect on improving the quality of art paper, while the composition of the material did not significantly affect the quality of the paper. Optimal paper quality was obtained from the proportion of nypa and banana trunk of 60%:40% and load weight of 3,9 kg, where the tensile strength was 4.24 kN/m or 4,240 N/m.Keywords: art paper, beater machine, nypa 

scholarly journals STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA KULINER

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irvina Safitri ◽  
Darmawan Salman ◽  
Rahmadani Rahmadani
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Business Continuity ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
Black And White ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Cold Food ◽  
The Relationship

Lemang is one of traditional food made from raw material of sticky rice (black and white) wrapped with banana leaf and put into bamboo container from Bangkala Subdistrict, Jeneponto Regency. This study aims to: (1) Describe the strategy in maintaining relationships with providers Lemang Dg Awing in District Bangkala (2) Describe the strategy in maintaining the relationship with the business of Lemang Dg Awing. (3) Describe the strategy in maintaining the quality of lemang in the business of Lemang Dg Awing. (4) Analyzing the business continuity hole in the case of Lemang Dg Awing business. This study used qualitative descriptive, participatory analysis tools and in-depth interviews, with research locations in Bangkala District, Jeneponto Regency, South Sulawesi. The results concluded that: 1. Strategy built by Dg. Awing with suppliers With suppliers for suppliers Invites suppliers to make events, Presents lemang to suppliers. Provide additional bonus through channeling for purchases of lemang 2. Dg Awing always maintains relationships  with  its  employees  such  as:  Always  work  in  the morning,  Invites employees at the time of the event, Provides support during times of big days, Provides money support, Prepares cold food and drinks on the part burning, especially during the day, Inviting vacation together. 3. Dg Awing Always pay attention to 6 basic components to maintain the quality of lemang remain stored, such as aroma, shape, size, taste, texture and color lemang 4. Dg. Awing continues to control 3 aspects for business continuity related to raw material suppliers, Maintain and maintain good relationships to its workers. Keep maintaining the quality of the lemang itself to continue to increase sales volume and increase consumer loyality in buying lemang.Keywords: lemang; traditional food; development strategy.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between the Moisture Content of Sweetcorn Raw Material and the Quality of the Deep-Frozen End Product

2003 ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Éva Kállai
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Foreign Matter ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
The Relationship

One of the remarkable effects of the economical and social development is the changing of the eating habits, first of all increasing consumption of deep-frozen products. The spreading of the sweet corn under these vegetables is characteristic.The parameters exerting influence on the quality of the deepfrozen sweetcorn is classed in 3 categories:• Physical quality: foreign matter, clumps, blemished corn, broken kernel, miscut, pulled kernel.• Organoleptical features: taste, colour, texture, and sweetness.• Microbiological features: TVC, mould, yeast.The moisture content of the raw material influences the organoleptical features to the highest degree.We take continuously samples from the raw material arriving in to the factory to determinate moisture content, and from the product to specify the organoleptical features.Based on the data of 2002 we can make the following findings:The colour of the deepfrozen sweetcorn is less influenced by the moisture content. The taste is between 69% and 72% the most optimal, but over 72% get worse, more „milky”, water-tasted because of the underdevelopment of sweetcorn. The texture continuously becomes better with the increasing of moisture content. Under 67% of water the class „C” is typical, which means a taste with weak charasteric, a bit scathing or bitter, and texture with rubbery inner part and hard pericarpia. The decadence of taste is caused by converting a great part of sugar into starch.The correlation between moisture and quality is varying by varieties; different varieties have their best quality by different moisture content. By our investigations the best harvest time is at the 69-72% moisture content. At this point are the organoleptical features the most optimal, and the grower has not the loss of yield caused by early harvesting.

scholarly journals PENGARUH TINGKAT KERUSAKAN JALAN PERKEBUNAN DAN POSISI TANDAN BUAH SEGAR DI BAK TRUK TERHADAP KINERJA ANGKUTAN KELAPA SAWIT (Effect of Estate Road Damage and Fresh Fruit Bunch Position in Truck Bin on Oil Palm Transportation Performance)

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Wahyu Krisdiarto ◽  
Lilik Sutiarso
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Method Analysis

Oil Palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) transportation is a vital step in post harvest process. Transportation condition mayaffects the quantity and quality of FFB as a palm oil factory raw material. Due to many estate roads are not at idealcondition, this research was addressed to explore the relationship between road damage level and position of FFBin truck bin to transportation performance. Transportation performance indicator were leftover fruit, level of releasedfruitlets, fruits bruise index, and free fatty acid (FFA) content. The research divided into two stage. The first wason transportation performance in collection road. The second was FFB transportation from fruit collection point tofactory, which was treated on good, moderate, and bad road. Observation was done to the FFB at bottom, middleand upper layer of truck bin. The transportation performace indicators were analized by Anova, and continued byTukey method analysis if there were differentces among treatments. Result showed that level of road damage wassignificantly affect transportation performace indicator i.e level of leftover fruits, but it was not significantly affectlevel of released fruitlets, fruits bruise index, and FFA content. Meanwhile, FFB position in truck bin influenced levelof fruitlets releasing, and significantly influenced fruits bruise index.Keywords: Palm oil transportation, leftover fruits, released fruitlets, bruise index, oil Pal FFB ABSTRAKPengangkutan tandan buah segar (TBS) kelapa sawit merupakan satu tahap penting dalam proses pascapanen. Kondisipengangkutan menentukan kuantitas dan kualitas TBS sebagai bahan baku pabrik kelapa sawit. Mengingat masihbanyak jalan perkebunan yang belum ideal, penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari hubungan tingkat kerusakan jalan danpenempatan TBS di bak truk terhadap kinerja pengangkutan. Indikator kinerja pengangkutan yang digunakan adalahbuah restan (tertinggal di kebun), kadar asam lemak bebas (ALB), tingkat pelepasan buah (membrondol), dan tingkatmemar (indeks memar). Penelitian dibagi menjadi dua tahap, yaitu: 1) kinerja pengangkutan dari piringan pohon ketempat pengumpulan hasil (TPH). 2) kinerja pengangkutan dari TPH ke pabrik. Perlakuan dalam penelitian tahap duaadalah kualitas jalan pengumpulan, yaitu jalan baik, sedang, dan buruk, dan posisi TBS di bak truk, yaitu di lapisandasar, tengah, dan atas. Hubungan panjang jalan rusak dengan tingkat restan buah dianalisis dengan analisis regresi,sedang indikator kinerja pengangkutan dianalisis dengan analisis varians (Anova), dan kemudian dilanjutkan dengananalisis satu arah pembedaan antar perlakuan dengan metode Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi atautingkat kerusakan jalan memberikan pengaruh terhadap indikator kinerja pengangkutan tingkat buah restan, namuntidak secara nyata berpengaruh terhadap tingkat pelepasan buah sawit dari tandan (pembrondolan), tingkat kerusakanbuah (indeks memar) dan kadar ALB pada saat pengangkutan menggunakan truk bak kayu. Sedang posisi TBS didalam bak truk berpengaruh cukup nyata terhadap tingkat pelepasan buah dari tandan, dan berpengaruh nyata terhadapindeks memar buah selama pengangkutan.Kata kunci: Pengangkutan, restan, pembrondolan, indeks memar, TBS kelapa sawit

scholarly journals The relationship between water flow and water quality in an experimental coastal watershed microbasin in Northeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e7129108944
Author(s):  
Karina Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Weslei Almeida Santos ◽  
Joel Marques da Silva ◽  
Igor Vieira Leite ◽  
José Augusto Oliveira Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
P Value ◽  
Coastal Watershed ◽  
Proportional Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

Water quality is an important tool to support the planning and management of water resources. This article has as its main objective to evaluate changes in the quality of the surface waters of the Timbó stream as a function of flow in an experimental watershed located in São Cristóvão (SE), northeastern Brazil. Four sampling campaigns were carried out in 2018 to evaluate pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, turbidity and temperature at three collection points. Data on land use and occupation and the flow of the Timbó stream were also obtained. The land use and occupation survey indicated that 51% of the total area of the microbasin is occupied by forests and that 49% is composed of pasture, undergrowth and exposed soil. The correlation analysis identified a strong correlation (p-value <0.05) between the studied parameters, with an emphasis on a direct relationship between Q and TUR (r = 0.9) and Q and O (r = 0.6) and an inversely proportional relationship between TDS and CE (r = -0.8), confirming the results of a principal component analysis, where the parameters contributing the most to the quality of the investigated water resource were CE, TDS, OD and turbidity.

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