scholarly journals Economic effects in tobacco seedlings' production

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Gordana Kulic ◽  
Zoran Rajic ◽  
Jela Ikanonovic ◽  
Djordje Glamoclija ◽  
Marija Nedeljkovic ◽  
...  

Production of occidental type of tobacco seedlings (Barley and Virginia) in our country, so far has been organized in traditional way. It considered tobacco seedlings production in semi hot hotbed, which has been heated with manure. Tobacco seedlings' production in qualitatively new way considers seed sowing in Todd's systems. The goal of this kind of researches is to compare these two ways of seedlings' production in economic way, i.e. determination of production's total costs when product is produced by traditional and by modern way, in Todd's systems.

Author(s):  
Т. В. Калінеску

The modern stage the development of Ukraine economy is require the reasonable methodological aspects to determination of effectiveness and authenticity the existence of clusters, its the applied value and virtual for the purpose of further aspects of development the theoretical principles of management enterprises in the conditions the modern progress of national economy trends. A research purpose is mark research of practice the using of clusters in modern Ukrainian reality, exposure of its virtual constituents, evaluation the role of clustering for development of theory practices the management of enterprises and its influence an economy on the competitiveness of national economy and maintenance of motion to the European and world society. As an object of research economic activity of enterprises the different industries comes forward economies of Ukraine, which are in the search of new directions of innovative development on the basis of creation of different types of clusters. Methods and principles of scientific cognition of general and special methods and receptions became methodological basis of research that the effective used in the process of ground and the applied value of the use of clustering. Including the methods of systematization and generalization? what are used for the analysis of the existent  aspects of creation the clusters in different industries of activity of enterprises; inductions and deductions, what are use for the ground of the applied value of clustering; between disciplinary analogy, what are use for the evaluation the virtual of application and adaptation of clusters to the operating of modern enterprises conditions. Supposition became the basic hypothesis of research, that modern cluster educations in different industries of Ukraine national economy have more virtual than practical application, and - basic its further development its legislatively-normative determination and use must become in the direction of creation the competitive products. The statement of basic materials. It is well-proven that the applied methods of clustering have likeness with the reliable methods of realization of prognosis, when the variety of the possible states of the economic systems is planned. Common reliable idea about development does not give reliable information a cluster about development of single enterprises in it, that is why conduct each in such cluster associations more casual character, than reliable activity to the cluster, has yet a subject. There is authenticity of that not every subject will be consistently and to move on a scenario which is offered in a cluster association, but will incarnate that which answers its idea about prosperity and necessities. In-process of expose was wrote the mechanisms of presentation the participants of cluster about a utility, satisfaction system of values, which is carried in itself by creation of different clusters. Offered approach consideration about cluster society have originality and practical meaningfulness and allow to send processes creation of clusters on determination of compatible values and necessities for its participants and receipt of public economic effects from it. The conducted research allowed to formulate a conclusion, that clustering have the hidden potentials, that not allow effective develop the economy of enterprises, but take in attention the virtual features of perception the clustering, it follows to pay attention to necessity: creation of legislatively-normative base in relation to functioning of clusters, presence of instruments the state support of activity of clusters on regional and national levels for creation of competitive products; creation of compatible values and requirements in mutual relations in a middle clusters and receipt of the objective applied effects in relation to functioning of clustering.


2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoliy I. Zavrazhnov ◽  
Yakov P. Lobachevskiy ◽  
Nikita Yu. Pustovarov

Abstract. The development of a universal control system requires designing unified seed sowing sensors that allow controlling the sowing of seeds of different crops. (Research purpose) To provide theoretical grounds for the determination of parameters and installation location of a capacitive seeding sensor. (Materials and methods) In the course of the study, the authors have made theoretical calculations of the seed travel trajectories in mechanical and pneumatic sowing machines using the Mathcad and Microsoft Excel software systems, at various sowing machine frequencies: 11.5; 17.5 and 26.0 revolutions per minute as well as the calculation of the electrical parameters of the designed seeding sensor. Laboratory studies of the trajectory have been performed at the same rotational speeds of the sowing unit disc using high-speed seeding surveys on an experimental installation with subsequent processing of the obtained video materials. The optimum installation angle of the sensor has been experimentally studied from 0 to 67.5 degrees with a pace of 22.5 degrees to minimize the travel time of seeds through the sensitive area of the sensor, and as a result, to increase the sensor resolution using the developed software. (Results and discussion) Geometric and electrical parameters of the designed sowing sensor have been obtained, and its optimum location has been determined. (Conclusions) In the course of laboratory studies, data similar to the calculation results have been obtained; the relative value of the convergence coefficient between experimentally obtained and theoretical indicators does not exceed 0,55, provided these values are obtained at a distance less than the radius of seeds. The authors have experimentally determined the minimum distance between the sensor plates, which amounts to 20 millimetre, and calculated the electrical parameters of the sensor. They have also stated that the height of the sensitive zone should be at least 5 millimeters for reliable metering of individual seeds under these conditions. The obtained data allowed designing an experimental seeding sensor to determine the optimum angle and the sensor installation site. It has been concluded, that in order to minimize the travel time of seeds in the sensitive area of the sensor, the latter should be installed perpendicularly to the flight trajectory of the seeds.


2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Michael P. Heide ◽  
Martin S. Heide ◽  
Dan-Cristian Dabija ◽  
Barbara Kreis-Engelhardt

Research background: The industrialized world is experiencing a far-reaching crisis situation due to the pandemic triggered by COVID-19. Economies with global value chains are particularly badly affected, including Germany. The associated glocal effects force the management of organizations, including SMEs in the healthcare sector, to place risk management on a strategic level. Purpose of the article: This research contribution is intended to provide organizations in times of crisis with a profitable outline of the intelligent use of business management tools in the Corona crisis. The focus is on the determination of significant value and risk drivers using SWOT analysis, communicative reporting and the creation of key figures for decision support. The results of the 2nd survey of the Federal Guild of Orthopedic Technology on the Corona effects show high sales and order drops due to a sharp decrease in the frequency of customers at orthopedic companies compared to grocery retailers. In the Corona crisis, both sectors are considered to be systemically relevant and are of major importance for the state community. Methods: The authors have analyzed pandemic-related secondary data in order to show the economic effects of COVID-19 for SMEs in the healthcare sector and to comprehensively record the problem. It was carried on already available data from WHO, DeSTATIS as well as specialist organs of technical orthopedics were used. Findings & Value added: In a crisis, managers are primarily challenged to evaluate and redefine their previous management philosophy. Proactive and cross-functional cost management across the entire value chain is essential to ensure the continued existence of the company.


Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 985-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter A. Gutiérrez ◽  
Asimina L. Mila

A laboratory technique for determining races of Phytophthora nicotianae on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) was developed and compared with a commonly used greenhouse method. The laboratory technique was based on production and inoculation of tobacco seedlings in tissue culture plates. Three P. nicotianae isolates from North Carolina previously determined as race 0 and 1 were used. Four tobacco cultivars and two breeding lines with different types of resistance were used as differential cultivars: K-326, K-346, NC-71, NC-1071, L8, and Ky14xL8. Plants were evaluated 7 and 14 days after inoculation. Five differential cultivars (K-326, K-346, NC-1071, NC-71, and L8) were determined to be sufficient to differentiate races 0 and 1. Cv. Ky14xL8 was ineffective for differentiation of races and produced inconsistent results. The laboratory technique was as effective as the greenhouse technique for distinguishing different races of P. nicotianae for every isolate in all experiments. Additionally, the most reliable results for both methods were obtained when evaluations were made 14 days after inoculation. The laboratory technique was validated with 21 isolates collected from four counties in North Carolina. The laboratory technique produced results 2 weeks faster than the greenhouse technique and required significantly less space and labor than the greenhouse technique for the same number of isolates. Additionally, the larger number of seedlings used in the laboratory technique increased the robustness of the results, especially for isolates for which race identification was unclear with the greenhouse technique. We propose that the laboratory technique has the potential for evaluation of tobacco resistance in other pathosystems as well.


2019 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 61-78
Author(s):  
Radosław Pacud

DIFFERENTIATION OF THE PART OF WAGES ALLOCATED TO SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONSThe article is concerned with the legal conditions and economic effects of the behaviour of the addressees of the law which leads to the determination of different proportions of social contributions to the total employment wage. The conducted research points to the differences between the normative interest rates of social insurance contributions and the real part of wages set aside for social insurance contributions. The differentiation of the part of the wage earmarked for contributions is, on the one hand, the result of the implementation of legal norms and, on the other hand, the consequence of the decisions of the insured persons, which together should be the subject of legal assessment and the basis for choosing the optimal policy directions of social insurance law. The findings also have wider implications — the principle of differentiation in social security law has so far been only applied to the differentiation of the entitlement to benefits, but it should also be applied to the different contribution obligations.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maiia Vladimirovna Zvada ◽  
Pavel Nikolaevich Belovus ◽  
Evgeny Ivanovich Sergeev ◽  
Nikolay Grigorevich Glavnov ◽  
Mikhail Alekseevich Varfolomeev ◽  
...  

Abstract This article describes the assessment of effectiveness of gel and foaming agents for gas shut-off treatments in horizontal wells. The research is carried out through the implementation of a complex of special laboratory studies and analysis of the results using numerical modeling methods. A list of necessary laboratory experiments to minimize risks when carrying out work to limit gas inflow has been formulated, and approaches to carrying it out have been described. The program includes: free volume studies, filtration on linear and parallel core models. The results confirm the importance of studying not only the agent's physical characteristics at the reservoir conditions, but their interaction with reservoir fluids. The influence of different agents on the mobility of gas and oil was assessed as a result of linear core flooding experiments. In addition, the filtration tests on parallel cores were carried out aimed to determining the saturation selectivity. The series of numerical calculations was performed for the subsequent determination of the technological and economic effects of the treatment with gas blockers.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruti Mourya ◽  
Ramesh Bodla ◽  
Ravikant Taurean ◽  
Akanksha Sharma

Methylxanthines are mainly a group of phytochemicals which are derived from purine base xanthine. These xanthines are obtained from plant as a result of secondary metabolism. There are various physiological actions that have been attributed to these derivatives in neurogenerative diseases, respiratory diseases, cancer and diabetes. The aim of this study is to develop a suitable qualitative and quantitative method for these xanthine derivatives. HPLC method is suitable for simultaneous estimation of methylxanthines, based on their physicochemical properties. Theobromine, Theophylline and Caffeine that belongs to alkaloids possess their economic effects. They have various stimulant effects on cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal system, respiratory system, central nervous system etc. that results in increased motivation to work, increased energy and increased alertness. High performance liquid chromatography is used for simultaneous determination of theophylline, theobromine and caffeine from different tea leaves.


1954 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 416-440

(1) Actuaries in their professional life are concerned both with the study of population statistics and with the financial administration of pension schemes of all kinds. Among their responsibilities in relation to pension schemes are the calculation of rates of contribution and benefit, the determination of the funds which it is necessary to accumulate to meet contractual liabilities, and the estimation of the disbursements (or “emerging costs” as they are commonly termed) which may be expected over future years. It follows that the age distribution of the population, the economic effects of changes in that age distribution, and the provision of pensions are all subjects of vital concern to the actuarial profession. Accordingly, in response to an invitation received from the Committee which, under the chairmanship of Sir Thomas Phillips, is considering the economic and financial problems of provision for old age, the Councils of the Institute of Actuaries and of the Faculty of Actuaries in Scotland desire to submit the following evidence.


2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-238
Author(s):  
Milorad Mirilović ◽  
Branko Velebit ◽  
Spomenka Djurić ◽  
Branislav Vejnović ◽  
Mirjana Dimitrijević ◽  
...  

AbstractCritical indicators of intensive production in hog raising are continuity of production, high level of produced series-tours, application of the most contemporary technological achievements without any turnover of capital, high merchandise turnover, and intensive usage of the reproduction potential of breeding material. Production of piglets represents one of the most essential phases in the production of pork meat. In spite of genetic factors, duration of interval wean-conception is one of the basic factors in determination of bringing forth indexes and number of piglets per litter. In order to recognize production costs of piglets completely we found nutrition costs for piglets and sows represent 61%, while other costs such as personal incomes, veterinary services, water, energy, losses, and amortization represent 39% of total costs. On the basis of cost price per feeding day of a sow and the number of piglets per litter, production costs of piglets older than 28 days with an average body weight of 7 kg were determined. Price cost per piglet after weaning, with 7 kg average body weight, and 146 days of reproduction process accounts for 21,78 EUR if there are 10 piglets in a litter. If the reproductive cycle would last exactly the same and if successful conception would be achieved 25 days after weaning, production cost per piglet would be 23,79 EUR.


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