scholarly journals International trade and transnational companies: Substitutes or complements

2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Stojadinovic-Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Transnational Companies ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
The Relationship

Transnational companies are the key drivers of foreign direct investments and major actors in international trade. They are involved in more than two-third of international trade and determine its direction, composition and volume. The relationship between transnational companies and international trade is complex and interwoven, raising the following question: are transnational companies substitutes or complements of international trade? The author explores this relationship. She studies the role of these companies in international trade as a whole and in foreign trade of domestic and host countries.

scholarly journals IPR Law Protection and Enforcement and the Effect on Horizontal Productivity Spillovers from Inward FDI to Domestic Firms: A Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danai Christopoulou ◽  
Nikolaos Papageorgiadis ◽  
Chengang Wang ◽  
Georgios Magkonis
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Productivity Spillovers ◽  
Domestic Firms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractWe study the role of the strength of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) law protection and enforcement in influencing horizontal productivity spillovers from inward FDI to domestic firms in host countries. While most WTO countries adopted strong IPR legislation due to exogenous pressure resulting from the signing of the Trade-Related Aspects of IPR (TRIPS) agreement, public IPR enforcement strength continues to vary significantly between countries. We meta-analyse 49 studies and find that public IPR enforcement strength has a direct positive effect on horizontal productivity spillovers from inward FDI to domestic firms and a negative moderating effect on the relationship between IPR law protection strength and horizontal productivity spillovers from inward FDI to domestic firms.

International Trade and Conflict

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward D. Mansfield
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
The Third ◽  
Effects Of War ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Market Capitalism

This chapter surveys the empirical literature on the effects of foreign trade on political-military conflict. There have been three “waves” of work on this topic since 1980. It is argued that the most recent wave differs from earlier waves in various important respects. First, it has made significant headway in addressing the causal mechanisms underlying the relationship between trade and conflict. Second, this wave has addressed a wider variety of aspects of trade, including trade policy and trade agreements. Third, a variety of recent studies have shed new light on the effects of trade on the outbreak of war, as well as the effects of war on the trade ties of combatants. Finally, the third wave of research on trade and conflict has addressed whether the effects of trade stem from market capitalism more generally and whether a simultaneous relationship exists between trade and conflict.

scholarly journals The role of factoring in international trade financing

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Tural Alasgarli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Economic System ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Trade Finance ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Trade Financing

As 20th century ends, international economic system has gained new characteristics, international trade and its finance has reached at a different aspect. Parallel to the increasing trade relations, new technics of foreign trade finance has been widely available. Among them, factoring was evaluated in this study.

scholarly journals Tourism and international business: The theoretical approach and practical experiences

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-37
Author(s):  
Dobrica Jovicic ◽  
Marko Stojiljkovic
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
International Business ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Tourism Research ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Transnational Companies ◽  
Practical Experiences

The paper discusses the relationships between tourism and international business. The research is based upon combining various theoretical concepts, significant empirical experiences and own attitudes of the authors. The key conclusion of the paper is that, despite of the partial progress in understanding tourism businesses, the relationships between tourism and international business need additional stimulus. In other words, more complete research in the related domains is needed in future. Any understanding of tourism is inadequate without appreciating the contributions that international business might bring, yet at the same time international business is incomplete in its coverage of international trade unless tourism is considered. The consumption-driven agenda of much tourism research has been favoured over supply-side discourses of the production process it self. That is why the role of major transnational companies, setting the trends that other types of firms in the tourism sector follow is focused in the paper.

Strategies of International Trade

2018 ◽  
pp. 381-414
Author(s):  
Alain Bresson
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
International Market ◽  
Institutional Logics ◽  
Mutual Trade ◽  
Grain Trade ◽  
Trade Partners

This chapter examines the strategies employed in international trade in ancient Greece. It explains how the rules of trade and the distribution of “natural advantages” played the role of a system of constraints within which genuine strategies of foreign trade could be constructed. To better understand the specificity of these trade strategies, the chapter first considers the two institutional logics that prevailed in the international market: the first consisted in setting up a “surpluses for surpluses” trade strategy; the second allowed trade partners to act freely. The notions of mutual trade and nondirectional trade are discussed, along with the case of grain. The chapter also looks at the strategies used by cities to control grain trade, such as laws prohibiting grain exports, before concluding with an analysis of the grain policy of Athens as well as food production and supply in Aegean cities.

scholarly journals An old model of social class? Job characteristics and the NS-SEC schema

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Williams
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Asset Specificity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
Time Dynamics ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Promising Avenue

This article explores the relationship between the job characteristics underlying the Goldthorpe model of social class (work monitoring difficulty and human asset specificity) and those underlying theories of technological change (routine and analytical tasks) highlighted as key drivers for growing inequality. Analysis of the 2012 British Skills and Employment Survey demonstrates monitoring difficulty and asset specificity predict National Statistics Socio-Economic Classification (NS-SEC) membership and employment relations in ways expected by the Goldthorpe model, but the role of asset specificity is partially confounded by analytical tasks. It concludes that while the Goldthorpe model continues to provide a useful descriptive tool of inequality-producing processes and employment relations in the labour market, examining underlying job characteristics directly is a promising avenue for future research in understanding over time dynamics in the evolution of occupational inequalities.

scholarly journals THE EXCHANGE RATE REGIME AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE: EVIDENCE FROM GHANA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Adubofour Isaac
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The degree of fluctuation of a country’s currency in relation to other currencies is an important factor in determining her foreign trade position. The study employed both theoretical and empirical approaches to examine Ghana’s real exchange rate and the impact on her foreign trade. A time series data, spanning from 1991 to 2019 was analyzed in an attempt to establish the relationship between exchange rate and economic growth. It is argued in the study that exchange rate has impact on a country’s export volumes. A verification on the relationship between labour force and international trade was also conducted. The study was also extended to examining the impact of a country’s access to stable electric power on export volumes. Findings of the study revealed a statistically significant and inverse association existing between exchange rate and international trade. The study also found that, wide electricity coverage has statistically significant and direct effect on foreign trade, resulting from an increased production capacity due to the availability of electric power. The study however found no suggestive evidence to support the claim that, labour force has impact on her foreign trade. A test on granger causality found no causal linkage between the variables. KEYWORDS: Exchange rate, international trade, labour force, exports.

On the role of transnational corporations in modern integration and globalization processes

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
P.Yu. Baryshnikov
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The subject of the author's research is the development of transnational corporations (TNCs) as an organic component of modern international economic integration and globalization processes. The concept and features of TNCs are characterized. A brief historical overview of the formation and development of corporate transnationalism is proposed. Statistics on the largest TNCs are presented and analyzed. On the one hand, positive aspects of the impact of TNCs on the development of the world economy and its national components were identified, and on the other hand, the negative consequences of the expansion of these corporations for both host countries and home countries of TNCs. The relationship between TNCs and sovereign States is considered in many aspects. Thus, based on the analysis of the instruments of influence of the companies under consideration on the normative activities of the States, a shift from the interstate to the corporate legal field was recorded. One of the subjects of the article is mega regional trade agreements of a new type as a factor of increasing the contradictory impact of TNCs on the development of the world economy and its national components.

scholarly journals Fiscal policy and foreign trade as a determinant of economic development – focus Kosovo

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
Arben Tërstena ◽  
Ismail Mehmeti ◽  
Sokol Krasniqi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
The State ◽  
Fiscal System ◽  
Balkan Countries

Fiscal policy and foreign trade as a determinant of economic development – focus Kosovo Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify the role of fiscal policy in Kosovo, comparing with the Western Balkan countries, in the trends of economic development, which are related to the international market, and how to achieve the objectives of the economy of Kosovo, penetrating the foreign market of local companies, using fiscal policy instruments. Design / methodology / approach: data processing is performed using deductive-analytical methods, describing and comparing research findings by commercial companies, extracting data and comparing official reports of national and international institutions on the role of policies analysis in the Western Balkan countries and in Kosovo, and the results of the research are based on these analyzes. Findings: Each sovereign state has its own fiscal policy operating within the fiscal system of that country, which also influences the development trends of international trade, the same applies to Kosovo and the Western Balkan countries, where this policy includes customs tax, VAT, tax in personal income, etc. The government of the country, through fiscal policy instruments creates conditions for companies to be as present in the foreign market as possible with their products, which impacts on the overall economic development of the country. achieved. Practical implications: the paper provides insights into the state of the fiscal system in Kosovo, how fiscal policy affects the creation of conditions for foreign trade development, where is Kosovo's economy is in relation to the Western Balkan countries and what are the steps needed to improve it. Originality / value: the paper provides real data on the state of the fiscal system in Kosovo and its full role in the development of foreign trade in relation to the Western Balkan countries.   Key words: Fiscal policy, international trade, international agreements, fiscal system, economic development, development policy measures, etc.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document