scholarly journals Insects associated with sesame (Sesamun indicum L.) and the impact of insect pollinators on crop production

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farag Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Insect Pollination ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Weight Number

A survey of insects associated with sesame, Sesamun indicum L. (Pedaliaceae) was conducted at the Agriculture Research Farm of The Faculty of Agriculture, University of Suez Canal during the growing seasons 2010 and 2011. All different insect species found on the experimental site were collected for identification. Sampling was done once a week and three times a day. Three methods were used to collect insects from the sesame plants (a sweep net, pitfall traps, digital camera and eye observation). A total of 31 insect species were collected and properly identified during the survey. Insects recorded on the plants were divided into four groups, true pollinators (Hymenoptera), other pollinators (Diptera, Coleoptera and Lepidoptera), pests (Orthoptera, Odonata, Hemiptera and Homoptera) and natural enemies (Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Neuroptera and Dictyoptera). For studying the impact of insect pollination on sesame production, the experiment was divided in two: opened and non-opened pollination of sesame. 50 plants from nonopened pollination were covered with a perforated paper bag to allow the air to pass through and to prevent insects from approaching the plants. Quantitative and qualitative parameters were measured as follows: pod weight, number of seeds in each pod, weight of 1000 seeds, germination (%), seedlings vigour and oil content (%). Results clearly demonstrate that the opened pollination improved the crop production.

scholarly journals Impact of Opened, Non Opened Pollination and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Sesame Production in the Reclaimed Lands, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
A.E.H. Blal ◽  
S.M. Kamel ◽  
H.M. Mahfouz ◽  
M. Said
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Insect Pollination ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract The research was conducted at the Agriculture Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Suez Canal, during the sesame growing seasons of 2011 and 2012. For studying the impact of insect pollination and nitrogen fertilization on sesame production, the experiment was divided to 13 treatments of open pollination and non open pollination, with three different levels of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) and one level of seryalin as biofertilizer. Non opened pollination treatments were covered before the start of flowering period with a perforated net bag, to allow the air to pass through and to prevent insects from approaching the plants. Quantitative and qualitative indicators, were measured as follows: rate of capsule per plant, capsule weight, rate of seeds in each capsule, weight of 1000 seeds, germination (%), seedlings vigour and oil content (%). Results clearly demonstrate that qualitative and quantitative indicators of sesame crop was significantly increased with opened pollination and with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer level up to 40 kg N/feedan-1 plus or minus seryalin, in reclaimed sandy soils, in Ismailia, Egypt.

scholarly journals Pollinator Fauna of Sesame Crop (Sesamum Indicum L.) in Ismailia Governorate, Egypt

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Kamel ◽  
A.E.H. Blal ◽  
H.M. Mahfouz ◽  
M. Said
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Carpenter Bees ◽  
Insect Pollinators ◽  
Pollinator Fauna ◽  
Sweep Net

Abstract A survey of insect pollinators associated with sesame, Sesamun indicum L. (Pedaliaceae), was conducted at the Agriculture Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Suez Canal during the growing seasons of 2011 and 2012. All different insect pollinators which found on the experimental site were collected for identification. Sampling was done once a week and three times a day. Three methods were used to collect and identify insects from the sesame plants (a sweep net, pitfall traps, digital camera and eye observation). A total of 29 insect species were collected and properly identified during the survey. Insect pollinators which recorded on the plants were divided into four groups, 18 belonged to Hymenoptera, seven to Diptera, three to Lepidoptera and one to Coleoptera. Results revealed that honey-bee, Apis mellifera, was the most dominant species in the 2011 season and the second one in the 2012 season. Whereas small carpenter bees, Ceratina tarsata was the most dominant species in the 2012 season and the second one in the 2011 season. The percentage of Hymenoptera was higher in the two studied seasons by 90.94% and 89.59%, followed by Diptera by 3.93% and 5.38%, then Lepidoptera by 3.58% and 3.62, and in the last Coleoptera by 1.53% and 1.39%, respectively.

scholarly journals Impact of pollination and fertilization on sesame production in the reclaimed lands, Ismailia governorate, Egypt

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd Blal ◽  
Soliman Kamel ◽  
Hatem Mahfouz ◽  
Maysa El-Wahed
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Weight Number ◽  
Pollination And Fertilization

The research was conducted at the Agriculture Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Suez Canal during the sesame growing seasons of 2011 and 2012. For the purpose of studying the impact of insect pollination and nitrogen fertilization on sesame production, the experiment was divided into 13 treatments of open pollination and non open pollination with three different levels of ammonium nitrate (N) and one level of seryalin as bio-fertilizer. Non open pollination treatments were covered before the start of flowering period with a perforated net bag to allow the air to pass through and to prevent insects from approaching the plants. Quantitative and qualitative parameters were measured as follows: number of capsules per plant, capsule weight, number of seeds per capsule, weight of 1000 seeds, germination rate, seedling vigour and oil content. Results clearly demonstrate that qualitative and quantitative parameters of sesame crop significantly increased with open pollination and with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer level up to 95 kg N/ha plus or minus seryalin in reclaimed sandy soils in Ismailia, Egypt.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Zeolit dan Dolomit sebagai Pembenah untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Pemupukan pada Lahan Sawah

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/807 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishak Juarsah
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Fertilizer Efficiency ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Organic Matter Management ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Fertilizer System ◽  
The Impact

Salah satu upaya alternatif untuk meningkatkan kualitas lahan sawah yang telah terdegradasi adalah mengaplikasikan zeolit dan dolomit yang dikombinasi dengan pengelolaan bahan organik serta sistem pemupukan berimbang yang spesifik lokasi berdasarkan uji tanah dan kebutuhan tanaman. Pemanfaatan pembenah tanah untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan pada lahan sawah perlu dilakukan, sebab kegiatan intensifikasi dan estensifikasi pertanian dari program Bimas dan Inmas yang kurang mengindahkan kaidah pemupukan berimbang telah mengakibatkan semakin merosotnya kualitas lahan sawah, sehingga terjadi fenomena levelling off.  Penelitian dilakukan di Lampung Tengah dengan tujuan 1) mengetahui tingkat efisiensi pemupukan di tingkat petani sebagai dampak dari penggunaan zeolit dan dolomit, : (2) mengetahui  pengaruh pemberian zeolit dan dolomit terhadap perbaikan sifat-sifat tanah dan produktivitas lahan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei, yakni pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan kuisioner terstruktur guna mengungkap karakteristik petani, identifikasi, dan prospek zeolit dan dolomit  di masa depan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa jenis zeolit dan dolomit yang dikenal dan digunakan adalah: Zeolit Agro 2000, ZP.30 (Zeolit yang diperkaya hara P) dan dolomit. Penggunaan zeolit dan dolomit bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan produksi tanaman padi sekitar 10-30%. One of alternative efforts to increase rice field soils quality which have degradated is through applying zeolit and dolomite combined with organic matter management along with spesific location balanced fertilizer system based on soil testing and nutrients need for the crop. Study of soil conditioner utilization for increasing fertilizer efficiency on paddy soils must be done, because agriculture intensive and extensive activity of Bimas and Inmas program did not considered the principles of balanced fertilizer which consequences the decreasing of paddy soils quality, finally lead to the occurrence a levelling off phenomenon. The research had been conducted in Centre Lampung district with the objectives, (1) to know fertilizer efficiency at the farmer level as the impact of zeolit and dolomite  utilizing. (2) to know the efect  of the soil physic and chemical and land productivity. The research method used was survey methods, its mean that data collected pass through interview with the structure questioner to know farmer’s characteristics, identification, and soils conditioner development prospect in the future. The results of this research found that, the kind of zeolit and dolomite  which had been known and used were Zeolit Agro 2000, ZP.30 (enriched zeolit with P nutrient) and dolomite. Zeolit and dolomite utilization in both districts had benefit to increase rice crop production more or less 10-30%. 

scholarly journals Honeybees and other Insect Pollinators of Cultivated Plants: A Review

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
RB Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Insect Pollination ◽  
Good Judgment ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Flowering Plant Species ◽  
Free Environment ◽  
Exerted Pressure

Insects are viewed from the harmful perspectives and aimed at killing them through several means including indiscriminate use of deadly chemicals. If good judgment made keeping views on sustainable crop production, natural balance and pollution free environment, they are important component of the ecosystem and their beneficial aspects are immense. One of them is that insects provide pollination service to plants. The study showed that over 50 species of insects visited flowers of 17 different species of selected crops during flowering periods. The visiting preferences of insects to flowers of different crops differed among the crop species and insect species as well. In fact, of the total pollination activities, over 80% is performed by insects and bees contribute nearly 80% of the total insect pollination, and therefore, they are considered the best pollinators. The manmade agro-ecosystem exerted pressure and forced to decline pollinators and their diversity, which resulted in reduced agricultural productivity again threatening biodiversity. Management of wide diversities of honeybees and other beneficial insects and flowering plant species occurring in Nepal help to maintain diversity of flora and bee fauna, pollination and reward hive products in the service of mankind. This paper covers honeybees and other insect species visiting various crop flowers. Key words : Pollination, honeybees, insect, flower visitors J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 27:1-23 (2006)

scholarly journals Economics Of Climate Change For Smallholder Farmers In Nepal: A Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 113-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad Pant
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Agriculture And Environment ◽  
Carbon Fertilization ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Impact

Climate change is taking place. It is not clear what costs the farmers face and benefit receive as the impact of the climate change. The paper assesses the costs of climate change on agriculture using literature review and deductive logic. The farmers have to bear direct and indirect costs of climate change and costs of adaptation. The direct costs involve yield decreases in crops and livestock and increase in costs of production. It also involves the costs from the increased risks of natural hazards. The indirect costs include the change in socioeconomic conditions, lost opportunities for the improvement of the living conditions and adaptation costs. Farmers are to bear heavy costs of climate change, much higher than the benefits. The benefits emerge from shortening of crop lifecycle, increase of growing seasons and carbon fertilization that increases the crop production. The study emerges with policy measures for reducing the costs of the climate change the farmers bear. The Journal of Agriculture and Environment Vol:12, Jun.2011, Page 113-126 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/aej.v12i0.7571

The influence of inflation targeting on the pass-through effect of the exchange rate

2018 ◽  
pp. 70-84
Author(s):  
Ph. S. Kartaev ◽  
Yu. I. Yakimova
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Inflation Targeting ◽  
Policy Regime ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Exchange Rate ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Impact

The paper studies the impact of the transition to the inflation targeting regime on the magnitude of the pass-through effect of the exchange rate to prices. We analyze cross-country panel data on developed and developing countries. It is shown that the transition to this regime of monetary policy contributes to a significant reduction in both the short- and long-term pass-through effects. This decline is stronger in developing countries. We identify the main channels that ensure the influence of the monetary policy regime on the pass-through effect, and examine their performance. In addition, we analyze the data of time series for Russia. It was concluded that even there the transition to inflation targeting led to a decrease in the dependence of the level of inflation on fluctuations in the ruble exchange rate.

Global Food Commodity Prices and Domestic Food Inflation: Some Insights from Morocco

New Medit ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed EL GHIN ◽  
Mounir EL-KARIMI
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate Regime ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Consumer Prices ◽  
Floating Exchange Rate ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Food Inflation ◽  
Global Food ◽  
Domestic Food

This paper examines the world commodity prices pass-through to food inflation in Morocco, over the period 2004-2018, by using Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) model on monthly data. Several interesting results are found from this study. First, the impact of global food prices on domestic food inflation is shown significant, which reflects the large imported component in the domestic food consumption basket. Second, the transmission effect is found to vary across commodities. Consumer prices of cereals and oils significantly and positively respond to external price shocks, while those of dairy and beverages are weakly influenced. Third, there is evidence of asymmetries in the pass-through from world to domestic food prices, where external positive shocks generate a stronger local prices response than negative ones. This situation is indicative of policy and market distortions, namely the subsidies, price controls, and weak competitive market structures. Our findings suggest that food price movements should require much attention in monetary policymaking, especially that the country has taken preliminary steps towards the adoption of floating exchange rate regime.

A Macroeconomic Analysis of Agricultural Sector in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Isah Funtua Abubakar ◽  
Umar Bambale Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
The Impact

This paper attempts to study the Nigerian agriculture industry as a panacea to growth as well as an anchor to the diversification agenda of the present government. To do this, the time series data of the four agriculture subsectors of crop production, livestock, forestry and fishery were analysed as stimulus to the Real GDP from 1981-2016 in order to explicate the individual contributions of the subsectors to the RGDP in order to guide the policy thrust on diversification. Using the Johansen approach to cointegration, all the variables were found to be cointegrated. With the exception of the forestry subsector, all the three subsectors were seen to have impacted on the real GDP at varying degrees during the time under review. The crop production subsector has the highest impact, however, taking size-by-size analysis, the livestock subsector could be of much importance due to its ability to retain its value chain and high investment returns particularly in poultry. Therefore, it is recommended that, the government should intensify efforts to retain the value chain in the crop production subsector, in order to harness its potentials optimally through the encouragement of the establishment of agriculture cottage industries. Secondly, the livestock subsector is found to be the most rapidly growing and commercialized subsector. Therefore, it should be the prime subsector to hinge the diversification agenda naturally. Lastly, the tourism industry which is a source through which the impact of the subsector is channeled to the GDP should be developed, in order to improve the impact of such channel to GDP with the sole objective to resuscitate the forestry subsector.

Effect of Nanobionics in crop production- A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinayak Fasake ◽  
Nita Patil ◽  
Zoya Javed ◽  
Mansi Mishra ◽  
Gyan Tripathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Potential Solution ◽  
New Era ◽  
Mineral Toxicity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Favourable Situation ◽  
Unique Chemical ◽  
Macro Nutrients

: Nanobionics involves the improvement of plant or plant productivity using nanomaterials. Growth of a plant from a seed encompasses various factors which are directly or indirectly dependent upon the imbibition of micro and macro nutrients and vital elements from the soil. Since most of the nutrition is physiologically unavailable to the plants, it leads to mineral deficiencies in plant and mineral toxicity in soil. Either ways, it is not a favourable situation for the microcosom. The new era of nanotechnology offers a potential solution to the availability of the nutrients to the plants due to its unique chemical and physical properties of nanoparticles. Positive and negative impact of these nanoparticles on seed quality and plant growth varies according to the specific properties of nanoparticles. The present review is an attempt to summarize the impact of nanobionics in agriculture.

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