scholarly journals Introduction to the special issue on visual aesthetics

Psihologija ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
Slobodan Markovic ◽  
Suncica Zdravkovic
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Visual Art ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Visual Aesthetics ◽  
Visual Patterns ◽  
Natural Objects ◽  
Human Creativity ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Visual aesthetics encompasses the studies of the relationship between vision and various aesthetic phenomena - from the beauty ratings of simple visual patterns to the appreciation of visual art, from the preference for natural objects and scenes to the preference for products of human creativity, from the aesthetic effects of culture to the aesthetic effects of biology, from the universal aesthetic sensitivity to the individual differences in taste, and so on. In this special issue ten papers reported the most recent studies on very different subjects related to visual aesthetics.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Simons
Keyword(s):  
Simone De Beauvoir ◽  
Second Sex ◽  
Dramatic Form ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Philosophical Questions ◽  
Insight Into

This introductory chapter presents the literary writings of Simone de Beauvoir (1908–86), the renowned French existentialist author of The Second Sex. Such insight into her own thought is often provided by Beauvoir's prefaces to works by other authors. For instance, Beauvoir's 1964 “Preface” to La Bâtarde has been described as more reflective of her philosophy than of author Violet Leduc's life. Beauvoir's confrontation with her critics is another source of drama in this study. A criticism that spans the decades of these texts is the charge that an existential novel, with its focus on action and philosophical questions, forsakes the aesthetic function of literature. Yet, for Beauvoir, the true mission of the writer is to describe in dramatic form the relationship of the individual to the world in which he stakes his freedom.

scholarly journals Ethnic Identity and Acculturation Orientation of Chinese Yi Villagers in the Context of Social Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Yuan Shuangyun
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Acculturation Orientation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Predictive Effect

In the information age, the widespread application of social media will impact the ethnic identity and acculturation of ethnic minority individuals. In this study, 522 Yi people from different Yi branches were selected to investigate the relationship between their ethnic identity and acculturation orientation and the role of social media and social support. The results showed that :(1) the acculturation patterns of Yi villagers were mainly integrated, and experienced from separation to integration, then assimilation and marginalization after mixed; (2) The individual differences of acculturation orientation were significant, but the individual differences of ethnic identity were not; (3) Ethnic identity had a positive impact on original acculturation attitude but had no significant effect on mainstream acculturation attitude; (4) Social media had a negative predictive effect on the original acculturation attitude, a positive predictive effect on the mainstream acculturation attitude, and a negative moderating effect on the relationship between ethnic identity and original acculturation attitude; (5) Social support has a positive predictive effect on both acculturation attitudes. Therefore, the government and relevant departments should strengthen social media's popularization in pure Yi areas, enhance social support in mixed areas, and improve education and economic development to improve the acculturation of the Yi villagers effectively.

scholarly journals Refugees, forced migration, and conflict: Introduction to the special issue

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Braithwaite ◽  
Idean Salehyan ◽  
Burcu Savun
Keyword(s):  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
Individual Contributions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Few issues in international politics have dominated public debates, both in domestic and international arenas, as much as refugee movements across borders in recent years. By the end of 2017, more than 68.5 million people – one in approximately every 110 people on the planet – had been displaced from their homes, either as internally displaced persons (IDPs) or as refugees, due to violent conflict, persecution, famine, or natural disasters. This article introduces a special issue on refugees, forced migration, and conflict. It describes the evolution of the international refugee regime and identifies theoretical and methodological advances in the relevant literature. It concludes with a discussion of the individual contributions to the issue, which seek to address gaps in the literature with respect to explaining motivations for refugee departures, understanding the relationship between refugee populations and political instability in host countries, and tracking public attitudes towards hosting refugee populations.

Pina Bausch, Mary Wigman, and the Aesthetic of “Being Moved”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Huschka
Keyword(s):  
Human Being ◽  
Shared Space ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Being Moved ◽  
Individual Body ◽  
Pina Bausch ◽  
Mary Wigman

This chapter rethinks the relationship between Mary Wigman and Pina Bausch from a viewpoint informed by recent philosophical approaches to dance history. Dance research often draws a genealogy that connects Wigman's approach to that of Bausch, the central representative of German Tanztheater as it emerged in the 1970s. However, it is argued Bausch took a fundamentally different position compared to the one propagated by her predecessor: turning her attention away from absolute truth and toward the truthfulness of any given physical movement on stage, while retaining the appeal to feeling, she sought to develop emotionally determined forms of movement and to create a shared space of human experience beyond any essentialism. But what about the choreographed body in these theatrical spaces of experience? How do movements and gestures function to reveal a perspective on the human being? Which choreographic or theatrical means are used, at the discretion of the individual body, to produce an impression of unmediated immediacy? The radical difference between Wigman and Bausch can be detected in their aesthetics of representation, in the way in which they choreograph emotion.

Special Issue Introduction: Defining The Domain Of Workplace Diversity Scholarship

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison M. Konrad
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Workplace Diversity ◽  
Organizational Studies ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Dominance Relations ◽  
Central Focus ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Diversity Dynamics ◽  
Identity Groups

Workplace diversity crystallized as a management sub-field only when members of historically excluded groups became serious contenders for power positions in North American organizations. This article asserts power/dominance relations between identity groups as a central factor driving diversity dynamics in organizations and questions the predominance of the trait model, which locates the fundamental mechanisms driving diversity dynamics within individuals and ignores contextual factors, including power. The author argues that it is important to draw a distinction between diversity scholarship and the individual differences tradition in organizational studies in order to retain a central focus on power relations among identity groups and avoid diluting the diversity construct to the point that any group composed of non-identical individuals becomes diverse by definition.

VISUAL ART IN APHASIA THERAPY: THE LOST AND FOUND SELF

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-181
Author(s):  
Maria Pąchalska ◽  
Jolanta Góral-Półrola
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Visual Art ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Aphasia Therapy ◽  
Multiple Processes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
The Relationship

Recently, the relationship between visual art and brain function and disease has raised considerable interest among neurologists, neuroscientists, and artists themselves. Visual art production involves multiple processes including basic motor skills, such as the coordination of movements, visual-spatial processing, emotional output, a socio-cultural context, as well as obviously creativity. Thus, the relationship between artistic output and brain diseases is particularly complex, and brain disorders may lead to an impairment of artistic production in multiple domains. Understanding the nature of aphasia, which leads to significant changes in human life in the physical, psychological, social and professional sphere, makes us aware of the importance of the individual (objective and subjective) and the social (collective and cultural) self system in the process of creation, especially in artists. Observing the works of artists with aphasia, we notice that each of them perceives the surrounding world differently. One wonders what makes them present reality in one way and not in another. It is true that all works of art show reality in thousands of different ways, and only an unoriginal artist will employ someone else's vision - one already used in a work. It should not be forgotten, however, that the work of artists with aphasia often takes on features resulting from the nature of the problems they face and is initially unoriginal, as they have to overcome fundamental technical difficulties and problems of technique. In this article, we present the possibilities for rehabilitation, of strengthening artists with aphasia, in order for them to find the self lost as a result of illness.

scholarly journals Physical disgust, germ aversion and antifat attitudes: the mediational effect of perceived controllability of weight

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Magallares ◽  
Jose Francisco Morales
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Potential Explanation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Antifat Attitudes

<p>Antifat attitudes refer to stereotyping based on people’s weight. A potential explanation for the strong negative attitudes toward obese individuals relates to people’s emotional reactions. In this study, conducted with 373 female students, it is suggested that physical disgust, germ aversion and perceived controllability of weight play a central role in explaining the individual differences that exist in antifat attitudes. Our results showed a positive relationship between physical disgust and germ aversion. Additionally, it has been found a positive correlation between physical disgust and perceived controllability of weight. Furthermore, a positive relationship between antifat attitudes, physical disgust and germ aversion was found.  Finally, perceived controllability of weight was positively related with antifat attitudes. The path analysis conducted showed the mediational effect of perceived controllability of weight in the relationship between physical disgust and antifat attitudes. Finally, it is discussed the results in the frame of antifat attitudes literature.</p>

scholarly journals A technique for measuring the biological availability of copper of sheep, sing hypocupraemic ewes

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. F. Suttle
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Biological Availability ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Ruminant Diets ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

1. Ewes were made hypocupraemic by feeding a copper-deficient diet and the subsequent responses in plasma Cu obtained when Cu was added to the diet were used to assess the biological availability of the added Cu.2. The uniformity of responses was investigated by repleting thirty-six ewes for 33 d on two occasions with a standard diet containing 5.0 mg Cu/kg dry matter (DM). The mean responses were 0.36 and 0.33 mg/l and the coefficient of variation was approximately 53% on each occasion. The marked individual differences were largely repeatable, the correlation coefficient (r) within individuals being 0.68 (P < 0.001).3. A dose: response relationship was investigated by giving five groups of seven ewes diets containing 2.7, 4.2, 5.7, 7.2 or 8.7 mg Cu/kg DM for 33 d. Each increment in dietary Cu above 4.2 mg/kg significantly increased the response in plasma Cu. The relationship between plasma Cu response (y, mg/l) and Cu intake (x, mg/d) after 21 d was y = 0.0871x−0.250 (r = 0.99; 3 df).4. The source of individual variation was investigated by comparing the responses of three ‘slow’ and three ‘fast’ responding ewes from Expt 1 to Cu given as a continuous intravenous infusion at rates of 0.05–0.3 mg/d. The relationship between plasma Cu response (y) and infusion rate (x, mg/d) after 17 d, was y = 2.135x –0.156 (r = 0.86; P < 0 .001). The regression coefficients for ‘slow’ and ‘fast’ responding ewes were similar, as was their metabolism of intravenous 64Cu, suggesting that the individual differences were due to differences in absorption rather than in the metabolism of absorbed Cu. Faecal endogenous Cu excretion was estimated to be 0.127 ± 0.019 (mean ± SE) mg/d.5. The relative responses to oral and intravenous Cu were used to estimate the true availability of dietary Cu; in one experiment it was 4.1% and for individual ewes in another experiment, availabilities ranged from 4.5 to 11.4%. The figures are compared with assessments by conventional techniques.6. It is concluded that the repletion technique provides a sensitive means of assessing the availability of Cu in ruminant diets.

scholarly journals The Effects of Organisational Socialisation on Individual and Organisational Outcomes: A Review of the Literature and Directions for Future Research

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robbie Field ◽  
Alan Coetzer
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Critical Process

Organisational socialisation (OS) is a critical process that all employees experience and the efficiency and effectiveness of the OS process impacts on the individual 's ability to adjust and perform, as well as the organisation's capacity to obtain employee commitment and retain staff. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the OS literature that examines the links between the OS process and important individual and organisational outcomes, in order to identify opportunities for further empirical research in this area. From a review of the literature undertaken, it was found that despite the strong arguments supporting the significance of OS and its links to important individual and organisational outcomes, important knowledge 'gaps’ exist in the OS literature. These include knowledge on the relationship between pre-encounter and encounter socialisation, the role of individual differences in newcomer adjustment, and the differences in OS approaches between small and large firms. The review of the literature also found significant methodological weaknesses in the literature. For instance, little research has examined OS from an employer and employee perspective. The paper concludes with suggestions for further research in order to stimulate study into particular aspects of OS.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document