scholarly journals Contemporary tendencies in the sociology of sport: From constitution to „fragmented“ discipline

Sociologija ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-254
Author(s):  
Ivana Milovanovic ◽  
Sandra Radenovic
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Sociology Of Culture ◽  
Sociological Knowledge ◽  
Sociology Of Sport ◽  
Mass Society ◽  
Market Relations

In the paper, the authors point to the elements of the development of the sociology of sport, through the process of ?extrication? of sport from play and leisure to the transformation of discipline conditioned by a pragmatic consumerist approach to sport, and therefore by the sociology of sport. First, they provide an overview of the emergence and constitution of the sociology of sport in Europe and the United States, with a focus on the development of that discipline in Serbia. Emphasizing that contemporary sport is largely shaped by market relations in mass society, the authors point to the importance of sociological research on the mutual influence of sport on society and society on sport, with a critical reaffirmation of the issues of contextual cognitive possibilities and social conditionality of sport. In particular, they emphasize the need for reaffirmation of the sociology of physical culture, which in its cognitive oeuvre is closer to the sociology of culture and general sociology, as opposed to the contemporary pragmatically conditioned tendencies to ?fragment? the sociology of sport towards new related sub-disciplines. Therefore, the authors argue that the existence of a number of sub-disciplines that have arisen from the sociology of sport is one of the evident indicators that in the domain of sociological knowledge, it is difficult to overcome the influences of pragmatic-new-positivist approaches, which narrow not only the critical-cognitive aspects, but also the practical needs of society for a true understanding and the humane development of the sport and activities related to it.

scholarly journals Prediction and comparison of the impact of COVID-19 epidemic on the financial industry of major countries based on neural intelligent algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 8831-8838
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Qingyuan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Intermediate Input ◽  
Financial Industry ◽  
Government Consumption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The global economy appears the trend of anti-globalization under the influence of COVID-19. Based on the input-output table of lead database from 2006 to 2020, this paper divides the factors that affect the development of financial industry in China, the United States and Russia into six aspects: price, intermediate input, household consumption, government consumption, export and import. ADGA-BP neural network model is proposed in this paper, which is based on six aspects of price, intermediate input, consumer, government consumption, export and import. The intermediate input is decomposed from the perspective of industrial structure to study the interrelationship between financial industry and other industries in the three countries. The results show that the intermediate input is the main factor in the development of financial industry in the three countries, but the source industries of the intermediate input are not the same; the two factors of household consumption and price are closely related to the development of financial industry in the three countries, and they all play a role in promoting China, while the relationship between household consumption and the United States and between price and Russia is reverse; Government consumption only has a significant impact on Russia; from the perspective of mutual influence, the mutual investment between the financial industry of China and the United States is relatively large, while the relationship between the Russian financial industry and the two countries is relatively weak. It shows that under the background of covid-19, the development of financial industry is affected.

Delsarte, François (1811–1871)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie J. Preston
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Modern Dance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Silent Film ◽  
Actor Training ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
Bodily Expression

A performer and teacher of voice and movement, François Delsarte developed a theory of expression that influenced modern dance, actor training, poetic recitation, silent film, and physical culture in the early twentieth century. His ideas and methods were brought to the United States in 1871 by his student, Steele Mackaye (1842–1894), and then adapted by performers, physical culturists, and reformers into a diverse set of movements known as Delsartism. Extremely popular from the 1880s through the 1920s, Delsartism promoted physical exercises and poetic recitation for health and personal development as well as for professional performance. The movement traveled back to Europe to establish trajectories in many fields of modernist aesthetics and education, all emphasizing bodily expression, classical ideas of beauty, and a unique, improvable selfhood.

Sport Management Scholarship: A Professoriate in Transition?

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet B. Parks ◽  
Michael E. Bartley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sport Management ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Sociology Of Sport ◽  
Gender Parity ◽  
Tests Of Independence ◽  
Management Scholarship

Scholarship expectations of many universities in the United States are becoming more stringent. The purpose of this study was to examine variables associated with the scholarship of the sport management professoriate. The participants were 266 of the 422 academics in the NASPE-NASSM Sport Management Program List (1991). Chi-square tests of independence (alpha < .004) revealed slight tendencies for (a) younger faculty to have doctorates in areas such as sport management, psychology/sociology of sport, and legal aspects of sport rather than in physical education; (b) younger faculty to have more publications than older faculty; (c) women to be concentrated in the lower ranks and salary ranges; and (d) movement toward gender parity in rank and salary. This study should be replicated in 5 years to discover if these tendencies were precursors of trends.

Dependence in Sociology: An Empirical Study of Asian Countries

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Kumar ◽  
Sripada Raju
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Sociological Knowledge ◽  
The North ◽  
Professional Journals ◽  
The Social ◽  
Six Nations ◽  
Science Community ◽  
State Of Affairs

AbstractSince the late sixties and seventies, there has been a well articulated concern in Asian countries about the "all pervasive" intellectual influence of Europe and the United States on social sciences in general and sociology in particular (Ashraf 1975; Alatas 1972, 1974; Kothari 1968; Kumar 1978; Goonatilake 1975; Singh 1973). A section of the social science community has suggested that while the diffusion of sociological knowledge-frameworks, paradigms, concepts, theories, methodologies, and substantive findings-from Europe and the United States has undoubtedly laid the foundations of sociology in Asia, it has also contributed to her intellectual dependence in the discipline. As a result of this diffusion process, the parameters of sociological reflection and research in Asia are being largely set by sociologists based in the North American and West European nations. Such a state of affairs, according to this view, stifles the creativity of Asian sociologists and comes in the way of the growth of sociological knowledge relevant to their needs and aspirations. The main purpose of the present paper is to examine with empirical data two questions related to the above concern: first, whether there is any intellectual dependence of sociology in Asia on Western nations, particularly the United States; second, whether this intellectual dependence, if it does exist, is increasing or decreasing over time. Bibliometric reference data from professional journals of six nations have been used to investigate these two questions.

Material Incentives, Market Relations, and Historical Change: Selling Television Sets in West Germany and the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 839-873
Author(s):  
SEBASTIAN TEUPE
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
The United States ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Historical Change ◽  
Competitive Behavior ◽  
Distribution Chain ◽  
Specific Culture ◽  
Time Specific ◽  
Market Relations

Why did premiums like turkeys, bottles of whiskey, or travel vouchers play an important role in the United States but not in West Germany? Looking for an answer, this article takes a detailed look at how television sets were traded along the distribution chain in both countries. The use of material incentives was an important competitive strategy of U.S. manufacturers and distributors during the 1950s. At the same time, it held price competitive behavior in check. Premiums were at the center of a “turkey economy” that paid tribute to the demands of traditional radio and television stores. In West Germany, the same objective was achieved by a “television cartel.” The article reconstructs the reasons for emergence and decline of the two systems and provides a detailed account of historical change highlighting the importance of retailing structures, the life cycle of products, and the time-specific culture of markets.

Asian Americans

Sociology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. Lee ◽  
Alexander Lu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Asian Americans ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Model Minority ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Socioeconomic Outcomes ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Asian Americans currently make up about five percent of the US population and are one of the fastest growing racial/ethnic groups in the United States. The history of Asians in the United States spans more than 200 years. The term “Asian American” covers over twenty nationality groups. It covers a wide variety of identities, languages, cultures, and experiences, yet this diversity has been masked with the assumption of homogeneity and the model minority image. Research within sociology on Asian Americans often focuses on dispelling the model minority myth through the empirical analysis of heterogeneity within the Asian American population, particularly in regard to educational and socioeconomic outcomes. Other sociological research examines contemporary stereotypes and discrimination against Asian Americans as well as the racial stratification of Asian Americans in relation to other racial/ethnic groups in the United States. However, it is important to note that Asian American Studies is an interdisciplinary field, and much sociological work is informed and influenced by multi- and interdisciplinary work. Therefore, although focused primarily on sociological works, this article will include books and articles from other disciplines that have important implications for sociological research.

A Brief History of the Sociology of Parishes in the United States

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-46
Author(s):  
Tricia C. Bruce
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Sociological Literature ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Good For ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
The Church

Exploring sociological literature across almost three-quarters of a century, this chapter maps the origins and trajectory of sociologists’ exploration of the parish from the 1950s to today. From its contentious start to its largely applied orientation today, the chapter highlights several eras of parish research and argues that our current lack of sociological research on Catholic parishes can be traced to the tenuous relationship between the academy and the institutional Catholic Church. The chapter concludes by asserting that parish studies can be simultaneously good for the academy and good for the church. The future of sociological studies of the parish rest upon the willingness of both the academy and the church to accept this proposition.

Mass Society, I

2019 ◽  
pp. 234-249
Author(s):  
David Sorkin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
The United States ◽  
Civil Defense ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Mass Society ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Fin De Siècle

This chapter addresses how Europe became a mass society in the fin de siècle (1870–1914). Explosive population growth gave rise to major metropolises whose residents were divided by rank and religion, gender and class. The new conditions of the fin de siècle, mass migration from eastern Europe, and the rise of the new organized political anti-Semitism propelled Jews across Europe and in the United States to establish social welfare and civil defense organizations. The former practiced solidarity on a grand scale; the latter intervened to protect equality. The organizations' promotion of emancipation was predicated on Jews being a confession or religious group: by functioning under the guise of “welfare” and “civil defense,” they deliberately eschewed political claims. From the 1890s, new forms of mass Jewish politics emerged that contested that basic assumption.

Sexual and Romantic Relationships in Young Adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Harker Tillman ◽  
Karin L. Brewster ◽  
Giuseppina Valle Holway
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Relationship Formation ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Economic Developments

Sociological research has long recognized the important role that intimate relationships play in young people's lives. In recent decades, relationship formation patterns and relationship trajectories during the early years of adulthood have become increasingly diverse and complex. In recognition of this, we review contemporary research on sexual and romantic relationships among young adults in the United States, noting how relationship attitudes, expectations, and experiences have changed in response to broader social and economic developments and how they vary by gender, socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, and sexual identity. Data and methodological limitations are also considered. We conclude by identifying promising directions for future sociological research and data collection efforts.

Suicide Notes from Canada and the United States

1992 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 278-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoon A. Leenaars
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Multidimensional Model ◽  
Suicide Notes ◽  
The Usa

The rate of suicide is higher in Canada than in the USA. There are, however, few empirical studies comparing these two countries. Suicide notes from both countries were compared based on a multidimensional model of suicide. No major differences were noted. It is concluded that, although the model may be applicable to suicides in both countries, sociological research (e.g., attitudes) may be more fruitful to account for the differences in the rates of suicide.

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