Whose Criminals Are These? Church, State, and Patronatos and the Rehabilitation of Female Convicts (Buenos Aires, 1890-1940)

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lila M. Caimari
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
School Crime ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
New Science ◽  
New Methods ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Female Convicts ◽  
European Immigration

Turn-of-the century Argentine political leaders were deeply influenced by new ideas about the origin and treatment of criminality developed by the Italian positivist school of criminology. According to this school, crime was not the fruit of the criminal's wickedness, as classic penology had claimed, but was rather the result of a complex web of social and psycho-biological determinations of which the criminal had been a victim. This pathology called “crime” could be corrected if its origin was scientifically determined and if the new methods of rehabilitation prescribed for criminals and potential criminals were enforced. Although not all of the premises of the criminological school led by Lombroso, Ferri, and Garofalo were accepted uncritically in Argentina, the basic principles of the new science were widely adopted by jurists, doctors, hygienists and psychiatrists. These ideas were received in the context of massive European immigration, accelerated urbanization, and the emergence of a large working class.

Basic Principles and New Methods on Emotional Product Design

2012 ◽  
Vol 452-453 ◽  
pp. 437-440
Author(s):  
Min Huang ◽  
Hong Juan Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Shape Design ◽  
Emotional Design ◽  
Kansei Engineering ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Product Technology

Emotional design is one of the most important methods in modern product design. It was highlighted after Donald A. Norman published his book Emotional design: why we love (or hate) everyday things. Emotional design addresses people’s needs and hopes which is in the center of the development of product design and product technology. Due to the lack of strong theoretical basis and quantitative analysis, many products can’t reach the goal of their designers with Emotional feelings, nor can consumer’s emotional understandings be similar to the designers’ emotional expectations. This paper analyzes the concept of emotional design and some difficulties which designers must to be faced in their emotional designing works, discusses on product shape design according to emotional design. On this basis, the Kansei engineering and emotional design methods are described in details.

scholarly journals Application of TOPSIS and AHP in the Multi-Objective Decision-Making Problems

2018 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 05002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
New Methods

The problems of multi-objective decision making are analysed and studied. In order to solve its optimization problems, the basic principles and application steps of TOPSIS and AHP are introduced in this paper. Then some practical examples are given to show how to apply these two new methods in multi-objective decision making problems. Finally, the advantage and feasibility of the TOPSIS and AHP methods are demonstrated by theoretical analysis.

scholarly journals Teknologi og design i nye læreplaner i Norge: Hvilken vinkling har fagområdet fått i naturfagplanen?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
Berit Bungum
Keyword(s):  
Science Curriculum ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Science Content ◽  
Formal Curriculum ◽  
New Science ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Strong Position ◽  
Partnership Approach ◽  
Technology And Design

The new curriculum for compulsory education in Norway defines “Technology and design” as a multidisciplinary area, and this area has received a relatively strong position in the curriculum for science. This article describes the process of defining Technology and design in the formal curriculum. It then presents an analysis of how the curriculum approaches Technology and design in various phases towards the final formal curriculum. The analysis focuses on how ideas from Design & Technology as a subject in England and Wales have influenced the formation of the curriculum, and what relationship between science and technology it communicates. It is concluded that there has been a shift from new ideas towards more traditional science content during the process. The new science curriculum nevertheless facilitates a “partnership approach” to science and technology teaching in Norwegian schools, rather than communicating a view of technology as “applied science”

Normal Changes in the Mental Abilities of Adults as Age Advances

1948 ◽  
Vol 94 (394) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Foulds
Keyword(s):  
Healthy People ◽  
Mental Strain ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Physical Complaints ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Mental Abilities

It is generally recognized that the capacity to grasp new ideas and learn new methods of work depends partly upon a person's intelligence and partly upon his age. It is also recognized that over-taxing a person's capacity to acquire new methods of work, or inadequate opportunities for a person to develop the capacity he possesses, are sources of dissatisfaction, mental strain, and sometimes physical complaints amongst normally healthy people. There is even reason to believe that amongst less healthy people they contribute towards disaffection and illness.

European pain management: Future directions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Eccleston ◽  
Christopher Wells ◽  
Bart Morlion
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Delivery Of Care ◽  
New Science ◽  
New Methods

In this final chapter of European Pain Management the editors summarize what has been learned from taking stock of the experiences in the 37 countries. There are common issues, such as the need to keep pace with the change in demand as demographics change, the requirements for creating specialty status in pain management, and the need to update and innovate with new methods and new science, and the challenges of working within different policy requirements, especially in regard to the control of medicines. There are examples of innovation in practice in all countries. Finally, we discuss the need for greater planning across Europe in order to innovate novel, sustainable models of the organization and delivery of care.

Rural Unrest and Agrarian Policy in Argentina, 1912-1930

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Solberg
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Fertile Soil ◽  
Agrarian Policy ◽  
Tenant Farmers ◽  
Entre Rios

From 1912 until the late 1920s Argentina faced an agrarian social and economic crisis of proportions unprecedented in the republic's history. Trapped between unstable prices and the exactions of landlords, thousands of tenant farmers organized, went on strike, and at times sabotaged agricultural production. This unrest swept across the cereal belt, a 160,000,000-acre zone of extremely fertile soil in the provinces of Santa Fe, Entre Ríos, Córdoba, and Buenos Aires, and in the national territory of La Pampa. After 1919, rural unrest acquired new complexity when tens of thousands of landless workers employed by the tenant farmers began strike movements of their own. The purpose of the present article is to analyze the origins and characteristics of this rural upheaval and then to examine the responses to it formulated by the republic's national political leaders.

A Possibility Estimation Model and its Application

2013 ◽  
Vol 475-476 ◽  
pp. 423-427
Author(s):  
Lin Na Ji ◽  
Feng Bao Yang ◽  
Xiao Xia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Data ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Property Estimation ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Practical Engineering ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Possibility Distributions

Aiming at some uncertainty problems such as quality inspection of adhesive structure and risk assessment in the practical engineering application, a possibility estimation model is established. Firstly, according to the fuzziness, randomness and uncertainty of the measurement data, a transformation method of possibility distribution with non-single peak values and nonlinearity is proposed from probability density function. Secondly, for possibility distributions of measurement data of each sensor, a kind of possibility fusion rules is put forward, then the fusion distribution is estimated by the possibility mean. Finally the model is applied to the mechanical property estimation of adhesive structure, and the result forecasts the quality. The proposed model with strong applicability, not only provides convenience for the operations among possibility distributions, but also offers new ideas and new methods to deal with uncertain problems.

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