Galileo Galilei: New methods for a new science

2012 ◽  
pp. 29-47
Keyword(s):  
Galileo Galilei ◽  
New Science ◽  
New Methods

European pain management: Future directions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Eccleston ◽  
Christopher Wells ◽  
Bart Morlion
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Delivery Of Care ◽  
New Science ◽  
New Methods

In this final chapter of European Pain Management the editors summarize what has been learned from taking stock of the experiences in the 37 countries. There are common issues, such as the need to keep pace with the change in demand as demographics change, the requirements for creating specialty status in pain management, and the need to update and innovate with new methods and new science, and the challenges of working within different policy requirements, especially in regard to the control of medicines. There are examples of innovation in practice in all countries. Finally, we discuss the need for greater planning across Europe in order to innovate novel, sustainable models of the organization and delivery of care.

ARE THE STANDARDS IN PHYSIOLOGY AND MEDICINE?

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Valeriy Es'kov ◽  
P. Pyatin ◽  
L. Shakirova ◽  
A. Chertischev
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
Standard State ◽  
Standard Definition ◽  
New Science ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Special Matrix ◽  
Cardio Vascular

Some scientists present the problem of physiology and medicine which are connected with new understanding of standard definition. The main goal of the article is connected with proving of standard absent in medicine according to stochastic and deterministic definition. Object and methods. One group of young woman was researching by cardio-vascular systems parameter (cardiointervals). It was registrated 15-th series of experiments any every series consists 15 number of cardiointervals samples (every sample consists 300 cardiointervals). So we calculate the special matrix for every series for it we calculate the number k of pair which has common general distribution. Results. All 225 such matrix present the number of such k (k≤20% for every matrix) it means that all samples are unique. Conclusion. It every sample is unique we cannot present the standard state of the cardio-respiratory system of the man. We have chaotic number of samples with unique it distribution function. The chaotic behavior we have for spectral density of it signals and for autocorrelation. So we need new methods for functional systems investigation which are not based on deterministic or stochastic sciences. We need new understanding of standard based on new science.

Whose Criminals Are These? Church, State, and Patronatos and the Rehabilitation of Female Convicts (Buenos Aires, 1890-1940)

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lila M. Caimari
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
School Crime ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
New Science ◽  
New Methods ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Female Convicts ◽  
European Immigration

Turn-of-the century Argentine political leaders were deeply influenced by new ideas about the origin and treatment of criminality developed by the Italian positivist school of criminology. According to this school, crime was not the fruit of the criminal's wickedness, as classic penology had claimed, but was rather the result of a complex web of social and psycho-biological determinations of which the criminal had been a victim. This pathology called “crime” could be corrected if its origin was scientifically determined and if the new methods of rehabilitation prescribed for criminals and potential criminals were enforced. Although not all of the premises of the criminological school led by Lombroso, Ferri, and Garofalo were accepted uncritically in Argentina, the basic principles of the new science were widely adopted by jurists, doctors, hygienists and psychiatrists. These ideas were received in the context of massive European immigration, accelerated urbanization, and the emergence of a large working class.

The Pseudo-Aristotelian Questions of Mechanics in Renaissance Culture1

1971 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 65-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Lawrence Rose ◽  
Stillman Drake
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Francis Bacon ◽  
Essential Characteristic ◽  
Galileo Galilei ◽  
New Science ◽  
Social Explanations

Historians often assert that the origins of modern science lay in a conscious revolt against the authority of Aristotle, a revolt that was openly proclaimed by Pierre de la Ramée, Francis Bacon, William Gilbert, and Galileo Galilei in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. There is little agreement about the reasons for the revolt. Some hold that the essential characteristic of the new science was an increased attention to observation and experiment; others, that an emphasis on mathematics transformed the character of scientific inquiry. Those who emphasize the rôle of experiment have generally tended to favor what may be called social explanations of the rise of science, including technological, economic, religious, and political developments. In contrast, the rise of mathematical inquiries has been customarily linked with philosophical explanations of the new science, primarily in terms of Renaissance currents of orthodox Platonism and of esoteric Pythagoreanism.

scholarly journals Moral geometry in Restoration Ireland: Samuel Foley’s ‘Computatio universalis’ (1684) and the science of colonisation

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (158) ◽  
pp. 192-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Scientific Revolution ◽  
New Science ◽  
Cultural Maintenance ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Church Of Ireland ◽  
The Many ◽  
Universal Standard ◽  
Over Time

AbstractDespite the importance of the new science in the colonisation of Stuart Ireland, and the many Irish links to major figures in the Scientific Revolution, these connections remain relatively little studied outside of major episodes such as the Down Survey. This article examines a much smaller project, the ‘Computatio Universalis’ (1684) of Church of Ireland clergyman (later bishop of Down and Connor) Samuel Foley (1655–1695). Submitted to the Dublin Philosophical Society in 1684 as an attempt to ‘to demonstrate a universal standard’ of value, Foley’s project was in fact a guide to the achievement of ‘happiness’ through the careful stewardship of time and wealth. Foley’s project recalls earlier Christian humanist and Protestant concern with stewardship, however, and also reflects seventeenth-century economic writers’ and moral reformers’ concern with avoiding idleness. In the context of Restoration Ireland, however, it can also be seen more specifically as a project harnessing new methods of quantification for the cultural maintenance of a ruling Protestant elite historically threatened by degeneration in a colonial setting, as well as a reflection of Protestant anxieties about the Catholic church’s control over time.

Science in Rome, 1675–1700, and the Accademia Fisicomatematica of Giovanni Giustino Ciampini

1975 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Knowles Middleton
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Galileo Galilei ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
New Science ◽  
Accademia Del Cimento

In Italy the physical sciences had several decades of prosperity during the first half of the seventeenth century, largely because of the genius of Galileo Galilei and the efforts of a small constellation of his talented followers. But Galileo died in 1642, and before the end of the 1640s three of the most gifted of his disciples, Castelli, Renieri, and Torricelli, had also gone to a better life, to use the favourite euphemism of the time. Thereafter Tommaso Cornelio at Naples, Giovanni Alfonso Borelli at Messina and later at Pisa, as well as some lesser men, carried on the new science, and in 1657 the scientific enthusiasm of the Grand Duke Ferdinand II of Tuscany and his talented brother Leopold led to the short-lived Accademia del Cimento (1657–67), whose clear-cut and totally empirical programme of experimentation, reported on in 1667 but carried out mainly before 1662, was the last Tuscan flame to rise from the Galilean embers. Physiology and anatomy continued to develop, and north of the Apennines there was activity in astronomy and in optics, but the last was an isolated spark in the general gloom.

scholarly journals Teaching natural science in the foundation phase: Teachers’ understanding of the natural science curriculum

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela James
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Life Skills ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Science Curriculum ◽  
Intended Curriculum ◽  
New Science ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Skills Learning ◽  
The Relationship

This study explores foundation phase teachers’ understanding of the natural science curriculum within the life skills learning programme. The theoretical framework for this study is entrenched in the relationship between the intended and the implemented curriculum. The Zone of Feasible Innovation (ZFI) is the proposed theory of implementation and states that implementation of the intended curriculum is very difficult if teachers do not have the capacity to implement it. The study seeks to determine where teachers are operating within their ZFI. Data was collected through questionnaires, interviews as well as a rating scale for teachers. The findings show that teachers are confident to teach content that they have been teaching for a long time, but are reluctant to introduce new science topics or new methods of instruction. This reluctance impacts on their ability to implement new innovations in science teaching. However, there are signs that their ZFI has progressed to include certain new practices.

Replication of Wet Objects and Cells

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 102-103
Author(s):  
S. Basu ◽  
D. F. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor Pressure ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Polystyrene Latex ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
Saturated Water Vapor ◽  
Replication Method ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Saturated Water ◽  
Water Vapors ◽  
Intermediate Chamber

We are approaching the invasiveness of cancer cells from the studies of their wet surface morphology which should distinguish them from their normal counterparts. In this report attempts have been made to provide physical basis and background work to a wet replication method with a differentially pumped hydration chamber (Fig. 1) (1,2), to apply this knowledge for obtaining replica of some specimens of known features (e.g. polystyrene latex) and finally to realize more specific problems and to improvize new methods and instrumentation for their rectification. In principle, the evaporant molecules penetrate through a pair of apertures (250, 350μ), through water vapors and is, then, deposited on the specimen. An intermediate chamber between the apertures is pumped independently of the high vacuum system. The size of the apertures is sufficiently small so that full saturated water vapor pressure is maintained near the specimen.

Microfabrication research at the National Submicron Facility

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
E.D. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
New Science ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intermediate Domain ◽  
Circuit Function

Most microelectronics devices and circuits operate faster, consume less power, execute more functions and cost less per circuit function when the feature-sizes internal to the devices and circuits are made smaller. This is part of the stimulus for the Very High-Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) program. There is also a need for smaller, more sensitive sensors in a wide range of disciplines that includes electrochemistry, neurophysiology and ultra-high pressure solid state research. There is often fundamental new science (and sometimes new technology) to be revealed (and used) when a basic parameter such as size is extended to new dimensions, as is evident at the two extremes of smallness and largeness, high energy particle physics and cosmology, respectively. However, there is also a very important intermediate domain of size that spans from the diameter of a small cluster of atoms up to near one micrometer which may also have just as profound effects on society as “big” physics.

A Freeze Shadow Technique for the Preparation of Soft Paint Latexes for Electron Microscopy

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 314-315
Author(s):  
Earl R. Walter ◽  
Glen H. Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
Latex Particles ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Diffusion Pump ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Routine Basis ◽  
Distribution Studies ◽  
Preparation Techniques

With the development of soft, film forming latexes for use in paints and other coatings applications, it became desirable to develop new methods of sample preparation for latex particle size distribution studies with the electron microscope. Conventional latex sample preparation techniques were inadequate due to the pronounced tendency of these new soft latex particles to distort, flatten and fuse on the substrate when they dried. In order to avoid these complications and obtain electron micrographs of undistorted latex particles of soft resins, a freeze-dry, cold shadowing technique was developed. The method has now been used in our laboratory on a routine basis for several years.The cold shadowing is done in a specially constructed vacuum system, having a conventional mechanical fore pump and oil diffusion pump supplying vacuum. The system incorporates bellows type high vacuum valves to permit a prepump cycle and opening of the shadowing chamber without shutting down the oil diffusion pump. A baffeled sorption trap isolates the shadowing chamber from the pumps.

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