Collective Action across Borders: Opportunity Structures, Network Capacities, and Communicative Praxis in the Age of Advanced Globalization

1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus S. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Opportunity Structures ◽  
Movement Theory ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Informational Networks

This paper analyzes the dynamics of the Zapatista uprising with research tools inspired by recent social movement theory. It finds that the insurgent indigenous peasants of Chiapas rose up in arms under conditions of relative economic and political deprivation at a particularly opportune moment after developing a project of insurgency and acquiring significant organizational strength. Militarily, the Zapatistas would not have been able to hold out long against the overwhelming force of the federal army. But enormous media attention and massive national and international protest prevented the regime from military crackdowns. The Zapatistas' ability to link personal, organizational, and informational networks has helped to gain crucial support. Using globalized means of communication, they were able to disseminate their messages around the world where they touched a chord in the discourse of an incipient global civil society linked by non-governmental organizations, fax machines, and the internet.

The Great Eastern Crisis (1875–1878) as a global humanitarian moment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Adrian Ruprecht
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Global Movement

Abstract This article explores the global spread of the Red Cross and Red Crescent movement to colonial India. By looking at the Great Eastern Crisis (1875–78) and the intense public ferment the events in the Balkans created in Britain, Switzerland, Russia and India, this article illustrates how humanitarian ideas and practices, as well as institutional arrangements for the care for wounded soldiers, were appropriated and shared amongst the different religious internationals and pan-movements from the late 1870s onwards. The Great Eastern Crisis, this article contends, marks a global humanitarian moment. It transformed the initially mainly European and Christian Red Cross into a truly global movement that included non-sovereign colonial India and the Islamic religious international. Far from just being at the receiving end, non-European peoples were crucial in creating global and transnational humanitarianism, global civil society and the world of non-governmental organizations during the last third of the nineteenth century.

Organizing Women in Contemporary Russia: Engendering Transition. By Valerie Sperling. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. 303p. $59.95 cloth, $22.95 paper.

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 506-507
Author(s):  
Rebecca Kay
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Model ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Opportunity Structures ◽  
Movement Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Economic

In the introduction, Valerie Sperling notes that "Russia's transition from communism toward capitalism and a more democratic political arrangement has been both good and bad for women, presenting both obstacles and opportunities for organizing" (p. 7). She goes on to produce an engaging and thought-provoking analysis aimed at broadening the scope and explanatory power of social movement theory, which, she argues, has been developed by scholars who focus primarily on social movements in the "contemporary core democracies" (pp. 52-3). In contrast Sperling develops "a cross-cultural model of social movement organizing and development that explores five interrelated opportunity structures: socio-cultural or attitudinal, political, economic, political-historical, and international" (p. 53). In each subse- quent chapter she tackles one of these opportunity structures and offers a number of fascinating insights into the world of post-Soviet social movements, based on the experience of her sample of women's organizations.

scholarly journals The Role of UNESCO in Contemporary Global Cultural Processes

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Lamia Askar Guliyeva
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
World Today ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
Cultural Processes

The article examines the role of UNESCO in the modern global cultural processes, with the specific focus on Azerbaijan. The mankind owes awakening of a genuine interest in key global problems of a new rank at the turn of the 20th–21st centuries primarily to the leading social structures. While the entire civil society of the world today is being challenged, it is gratifying to know that some structures accept and respond to such challenges. In our opinion, UNESCO, being a representative, authoritative, and prestigious organization, isthe most striking example ofsuch effective response. The paper examines the permanent public forums in the field ofscience, culture, and education that are directly supervised by the largest international non-governmental organizations, namely, UNESCO.

scholarly journals LANGUAGE CHANGES, LESSONS OF COVID-19 AND CORONEOLOGISMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmyla V. Bakhmat ◽  
◽  
Violetta V. Panchenko ◽  
Oksana O. Nosach ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
The Internet ◽  
International Language ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Compound Nouns ◽  
The World ◽  
Vowel Shift

Worldwide, the changes are either viewed positively as those updating languages or negatively as those deteriorating them. With English widely recognized as an international language, a lingua franca, numerous governmental and non-governmental organizations make it their business to keep the language understandable, at the same time preserving and introducing a variety of meanings and words when dealing with lexis. Changes in grammar (preference for gerunds instead of infinitives, for example) and pronunciation can take longer to be noticed as they happen over a longer period of time (the Great Vowel Shift). Currently, lexical changes get covered in dictionaries with little delay and are easy to track in online versions. Annually, 800-1,000 newly coined words or added meanings push way into English dictionaries. Approximately five times more are coined each year but fail to get in wide use and meet the acceptance criteria of lexicographers. Up to 2019, most lexical innovations were focused on technological breakthroughs. However, in 2020 medicine gained unprecedented attention due to the pandemic, initially pinpointed in Wuhan, China, and later spread all over the world � all the continents are currently exposed to COVID-19. Therefore, it has been of little surprise when in the end of 2020 most of the year words by English dictionaries were about COVID-19, which has irrevocably changed lifestyles and reality. The purpose of the article is to trace lexical changes caused by the coronavirus outbreak and analyse newly-coined lexemes. The following methods were used: linguistic analysis, observation, mathematical calculations. Thus, the purpose of our article is to trace lexical changes caused by the coronavirus outbreak and analyse newlycoined lexemes. Due to the Internet and a significant influence of social media, newly coined words and phrases get swiftly spread globally, some of them originating from hashtags. Analyzing neologisms coined in the pandemic, it is evident that their main aim is to cover new realities such as upperwear, Zumping (Zoom+dumping), etc. It is statistically proven that covid, coron (coronavirus) and quaran (qurantine) are the three most frequent stems. The pandemic-related neologisms are mostly closed compound nouns (covidiot, coronarave). Still spaced ones are often used as well (corona boner, corona bae). Taking into account a boom of coronelogisms worldwide, the Ukrainian language borrowed some either as loan translated (coronapocalypse � ���������������) or transliterated (covidiot � ������). At the same time, some widely used neologisms got translated using Ukrainian stems and affixes (������������, ������, ������������, �����������). Lexical changes, influenced by the pandemic and currently observed in English and Ukrainian, evolve rapidly and they have not come to an end.

scholarly journals Understanding the Movement of Suku Anak Dalam Bathin Sembilan Againts Land Conflict with PT. Asiatic Persada in Jambi Through Social Movement Theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Tiffany Setyo Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Social Movement ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Social Movement Theory ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Land Conflict ◽  
Movement Theory ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Three Phases

The land conflict between Suku Anak Dalam Bathin Sembilan and PT. Asiatic Persada had occurred since 1987. This conflict occurred because of PT. Asiatic Persada has occupied 3.550 hectares of Suku Anak Dalam Bathin Sembilan’s land. This paper will analyze how the movement of Suku Anak Dalam Bathin Sembilan who lived in Bungku Village, Batanghari, Jambi to struggle their land. This study uses the social movement theory that explains three phases of movements, such as the interest phase, the protest phase, and perspective phase. The author uses a qualitative method and the data are taken from interviews and literature study. This study found that the beginning movement of Suku Anak Dalam Bathin Sembilan was very intense with the support of local and international Non-Governmental organizations, then the movement built a sustainable strategy in the protest phase. Unfortunately, that strong movement has split into two in the perspective phase.

scholarly journals ARUS TOP-DOWN DAN BOTTOM-UP PADA GERAKAN DIALOG ANTAR AGAMA DI INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Muhammad Muhammad ◽  
Nurlaila Nurlaila
Keyword(s):  
Social Movement ◽  
The State ◽  
Interfaith Dialogue ◽  
Social Movement Theory ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Movement Theory ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

The interfaith dialogue movement in the top-down current as described above, namely the movement originating from the state, was welcomed by various communities in Indonesia as a bottom-up current, namely the interfaith dialogue movement originating from the people. At least in this bottom-up flow, there are two communities, namely dialogue developed in academic institutions, and dialogue conducted or facilitated by civil society institutions, such as NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations), both focusing on dialogue and raising issues. -Other issues related to dialogue. In this research, the researcher focuses only on two groups, namely the state (top-down current) and academic institutions (bottom-up current) trying to examine religious movements in the realm of inter-religious dialogue using social movement theory. There are three key concepts in social movement theory which usually play a very important role in determining the success of collective action. The three concepts include (1) political opportunity structure, (2) mobilizing structures, and (3) framing of action.

Child Online Pornography

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-145
Author(s):  
Sachil Kumar ◽  
Geetika Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Child Pornography ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Moral Outrage ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Online Pornography ◽  
Steady Growth ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The World

Online child pornography is a ubiquitous predicament over the internet, and its pessimistic effects and steady growth are significant in today's society. Online CSAM trading has recently gained much attention as well as “moral outrage” for national and international governments and law officials due to the ease of availability and sustained connectivity. The chapter is structured to highlight a deeper understanding of the term “CSAM” that is more diverse than the stigmatized expression of word child pornography and addresses the dark internet modalities frequently used by pedophiles to attract innocent victims. The authors also explored numerous innovative digital technologies and methods used by law enforcement officers around the world, together with corporate and non-governmental organizations to combat this unseen enemy.

scholarly journals WORLD AND NATIONAL PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION, FUNCTIONING AND FINANCING OF CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS

2019 ◽  
pp. 378-390
Author(s):  
Iryna TKACHUK
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
State Control ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The World

The article discusses and generalizes the principles of creation, operation and financing of civil society organizations that are used and understood in international practice. Specialized legal acts regulating the activity of nongovernmental organizations in Ukraine have been analyzed to determine the principles of activity and financing of non-governmental organizations.Also, their compliance with the principles approved by the world-wide authoritative civil society organizations was investigated. It is revealed that not all national regulative acts contain the following principles. This situation creates significant difficulties for the activities of certain types of non-governmental organizations in Ukraine (including the formation and using of financial resources) and complicates the process of state control over civil society institutions. Thus, it is suggested to use a systematic approach, which should amend the regulations governing the activities of non-governmental organizations in Ukraine in order to remedy these shortcomings.

Changing the World One Webpage at a Time: Conceptualizing and Explaining Internet Activism

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Earl ◽  
Katrina Kimport ◽  
Greg Prieto ◽  
Carly Rush ◽  
Kimberly Reynoso
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
Movement Theory ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Internet Activism ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Selection Of

Researchers studying Internet activism have disagreed over the extent to which Internet usage alters the processes driving collective action, and therefore also over the utility of existing social movement theory. We argue that some of this disagreement owes to scholars studying different kinds of Internet activism. Therefore, we introduce a typology of Internet activism, which shows that markedly different findings are associated with different types of Internet activism and that some types of Internet activism have been studied far more frequently than others. As a consequence, we ask an empirical question: is this skew in the selection of cases, and hence apparent trends in findings, a reflection of the empirical frequency of different types of Internet activism? Troublingly, using unique data from random samples of websites discussing 20 different issue areas commonly associated with social movements, we find a mismatch between trends in research cases studied and empirical frequency.

Challenges to immigrant associations and NGOs in contemporary Greece

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apostolos G. Papadopoulos ◽  
Christos Chalkias ◽  
Loukia-Maria Fratsea
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Migrant Integration ◽  
Concentration Patterns

The paper explores the challenges faced today, in a context of severe economic crisis, by immigrant associations (ΙΜΑs) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Greece. The data analysed here was collected between October 2009 and February 2010 and incorporates references to all recorded migration-related social actors operating in Greece. The paper takes into account such indicators as legal form, objectives, financial capacity and geographical range of activity, concluding with a typology of civil society actors dealing with migration issues. This study aims at informing the migration policymaking and migrant integration processes. By a spatial hot-spot clustering of IMAs and NGOs, we also illustrate the concentration patterns of civil society actors in Greece.

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