Indifferent Sanctuary: German-Speaking Refugees and Exiles in Argentina, 1933-1945

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald C. Newton
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Total Population ◽  
World War ◽  
European Origin ◽  
World Crisis ◽  
Jewish Refugees ◽  
The World ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Almost All

Between 1933 and the end of World War II, Argentina became the home of some 43,000 Jewish refugees from Nazism, almost all of them of German, Austrian, or West European origin. Measured against the country's total population, 13 million in 1931, 16 million according to the 1947 census, Argentina received more Jewish refugees per capita than any other country in the world except Palestine (Wasserstein, 1979: 7,45). This did not occur by design of the Argentine government; on the contrary, its immigration policies became interestingly restrictive as the years of the world crisis wore on.In practice, however, Argentina was unable to patrol effectively its long borders with the neighboring republics of Chile, Bolivia, Paraguay, Brazil, and Uruguay. The overseas consuls of these nations, especially the first three, did a brisk and lucrative trade in visas and entry permits for persons desperate to escape the Nazi terror.

Economic Concentration and Monopoly in Japan—A Second View

1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Rotwein
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Total Output ◽  
World War ◽  
The Third ◽  
Economic Achievement ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Economic Concentration ◽  
The Impact

In the period since the end of World War II, the Japanese economic achievement has been of prodigious proportions. During this period, its growth rate—an average of almost 10% in GNP per year—has been the highest in the world. Japan has become the third-ranking industrial nation and its world standing, in terms of per capita GNP, has risen from fortieth in the early 1950s to twelfth at the present time. Growth so sweeping and rapid inevitably has brought a multitude of changes, not least in the composition of total output. At a highly accelerated rate, industries have declined, others have blossomed, new industries have appeared, and the importance of various sectors of the economy has changed. Amidst the continuing adjustments and readjustments, it is of interest to consider the nature of the impact on Japanese industrial organization. More specifically, what has been the effect on economic concentration and monopoly in Japan?

Food and Agriculture Organization

1956 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-476 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
World War ◽  
Technical Developments ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Legal Questions ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Right

The eighth session of the Conference of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) was held in Rome from November 4 through 25, 1955 under the chairmanship of the Right Honorable K. J. Holyoake (New Zealand). The Conference had accepted the proposals submitted by the FAO Council on the organization of the eighth session, and consequently established various commissions to deal with agenda items pertaining to program trends and policy questions in food and agriculture, constitutional and legal questions, and administrative and financial questions. During its discussion of the world food and agricultural situation, the Conference noted that world per capita agricultural production, which had decreased by ten to fifteen percent at the end of World War II, had regained its pre-war level in spite of an increase of nearly 25 percent in population. However, agricultural production had increased more rapidly in advanced countries than in economically under-developed ones, so that per capita production in Asia and Latin America was still below pre-war levels, while surpluses had built up in the more advanced countries. The Conference felt that this situation was due to a failure to expand effective demand for farm products as rapidly as technical developments made it possible to expand production. Although the Conference noted that surplus agricultural commodities had increased more slowly in 1954–1955 than in the two preceding years, it felt that this had been due at least as much to poor crops in some countries as to increased consumption or to a planned reduction of output.

scholarly journals Why Nations Fail? (Keynote Video Lecture)

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (4I-II) ◽  
pp. 301-312
Author(s):  
Daron Acemoglu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
World War ◽  
Great Pleasure ◽  
Video Lecture ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
End Of The World

First of all, it is a great pleasure to be here. Thank you for inviting me. Given that communicating from a far is not the easiest thing to do, what I have decided to do is to give a quick overview of the arguments that have emerged from the book that James and I wrote. In fact, this book is a synthesis of about 16 years of research that James and I did. I think it is fair to say that a lot of economic development and economic growth is motivated by patterns that are reported in the book. In particular, this is data from Angus Madison’s life’s work, which is not entirely uncontroversial, but the overall pattern here is fairly uncontroversial. The patterns that we observe have actually been in the background of many attempts to understand long patterns of economic development. I think they also point out that it is going to be very difficult to understand why certain parts of the world that were either on par with, say, Asia, in particular the Indian Subcontinent and China, have increased their income per capita and their prosperity so much in 500 years leading to today, particularly from the period around early 1800s to essentially to the end of the World War II, where there is this big divergence taking place. The trends in economic development show that United States of America, Canada, New Zealand and Australia have pulled so much ahead of, say, Asia, where both India, the Indian Subcontinent in this case, and China more or less show the same picture, where there is not much growth going on until the end of the World War II.

Laughter in the Ghetto

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-61
Author(s):  
Lisa Peschel
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
World War ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Theatrical Performances ◽  
Almost All

The World War II Jewish ghetto at Theresienstadt, forty miles northwest of Prague, was the site of an uncommonly active cultural life. Survivor testimony about the prisoners’ theatrical performances inspired a question: why were almost all of the scripts written in the ghetto comedies? The recent rediscovery of several scripts has made possible a detailed analysis that draws from recent research on the psychological effects of different types of humour. This analysis reveals that, regardless of age, language or nationality, the Theresienstadt authors universally drew upon two potentially adaptive types of humour (self-enhancing and affiliative humour) rather than two potentially maladaptive types (aggressive and self-defeating humour). Perhaps instinctively, they chose the very types of humour that have a demonstrated association with psychological health and that may have helped them preserve their psychological equilibrium in the potentially traumatising environment of the ghetto.

scholarly journals Asia and International Law—Common Ground and Regional Diversity

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian TOMUSCHAT
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Global Level ◽  
World War ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All

From a conceptual viewpoint, the legal universe has found its almost perfect configuration in our time. Almost all of the peoples of the world are members of the United Nations and as such are entitled to co-operate in shaping the direction and content of policies at the global level. Before World War II, and even a considerable time after the horrendous events unleashed by that war, many nations had no say in international matters. They were placed under colonial rule, which meant that their voices were not heard—or heard only through the mediation of the powers that acted as their wards and guardians. That situation of structural discrimination has changed dramatically. All the peoples of the world have reached sovereign statehood and have been admitted to the world forum.

The Challenge of World-wide Social Conditions

1960 ◽  
Vol 329 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Julia J. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
World War ◽  
The People ◽  
New Synthesis ◽  
World Food Supply ◽  
The World

In the fifteen years since World War II, the international community has seen marked progress in prolong ing life, providing education for children, and in increasing the world food supply. Progress in the struggle against pov erty and bad housing is much less notable, and the achieve ments in lessening social tensions, in increasing human dignity, and other qualitative aspects of the standard of living are not measurable by the rough indicators we have at our disposal. The attempt to reach a new synthesis in the economic and social aspects of the development of less-developed countries, the widespread approval of governmental planning for social as well as economic development, the growth of public respon sibility for welfare of the total population, and the attention given to rural as well as urban development are cited as impor tant postwar developments in the philosophy and methods of international co-operation. The concern about extending as sistance in ways which stimulate active participation of the people is a hopeful response to the world social situation. Fi nally, the importance of basing assistance on mutual respect— with every country acting both as donor and recipient—is stressed in this co-operation.

Nasser'S Pan-Arab Radicalism and the Saudi Drive for Islamic Solidarity: A Response for Security

1992 ◽  
Vol 48 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Noor Ahmad Baba
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
World War ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All

Post World War-II era has witnessed great upheavals of far-reaching social, political and economic consequences, overtaking almost all regions of the World. This changed the very context of international relations in these areas. West Asian region dominated by conservative monarchies under varying degrees of western colonial influences, could not escape this all pervading currents of change especially since the late 40s and early 50s. A series of developments in a quick succession changed the very patterns of relationships in the region and shook the very foundations of the conservative regimes there.1 One of the prominent regime that felt threatned and survived by successfully responding to the situation, is the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the most potent threat that it had to confront with was the post 1952 revolution in Egypt

Ailsa Craig Boys' Farm: A "pioneering institution," 1954-70

1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-436
Author(s):  
Lucille Marr
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Canadian Society ◽  
World War ◽  
Brethren In Christ ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
World Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Delinquent Boys

This article is about the early development of Ailsa Craig Boys' Farm (later Craigwood), an Ontario Mennonite and Brethren in Christ initiative. During World War II, these denominations had undertaken a variety of relief projects to express their goodwill towards a government that had honoured their theology of non-resistance by granting them conscientious objection privileges. With the waning of the world crisis, they looked for new ways to contribute to Canadian society. What better avenue than helping Ontario Social Services rebuild hurting families by providing a healthy environment for pre-delinquent boys? This initiative came increasingly under government direction, but despite an increasing dependence on public support, the Farm's Christian ethos remained foundational to its initial success.

scholarly journals Zniszczenia i straty wojenne poniesione przez rolnictwo województwa krakowskiego w wyniku II wojny światowej

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-76
Author(s):  
Anna Janicka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
World War ◽  
Front Line ◽  
War Zone ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita

During World War II, the entire Polish territory twice became a war zone, bearing heavy consequences. Equal or even greater losses were caused by the hostile occupation. When calculating on a per-capita basis, the destruction rate in Poland was the highest in the world. The politics of plunder contributed to the excessive exploitation of domestic resources, social income and national heritage. The situation of agriculture in the Krakow Province after World War II was very difficult, especially in the front-line areas. The damage caused by the German occupier was of a wide-ranging nature. Plant and animal production, farms suffered. By building pillboxes, training grounds, trenches and bunkers, large areas of arable land and sown crops were destroyed. The fields were mined, weed strewn, and impoverished. The soil lay fallow. There were neither draft or slaughter animals. Breeding animals were transported away. Houses, outbuildings, agricultural machinery and tools were destroyed . Devastation of the forest stands was a serious problem. Most damage and destruction was caused by Soviet troops destroying, looting, plundering and requisitioning various items. Captured cattle driven off and herd grazing with bread grain led to a reduction in the supply of feedstuff and food for the local population. With the help of grenades, the state of stock in rivers and standing water was devastated. All these affected the disastrous material situation of the rural population and caused a drastic decline in agricultural production. The Krakow Province faced a difficult task of reconstruction of agriculture from war damage.

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