Social Structure and Intergroup Interaction: Men and Women of the Federal Bureaucracy

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott J. South ◽  
Charles M. Bonjean ◽  
William T. Markham ◽  
Judy Corder
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Intergroup Interaction ◽  
Federal Bureaucracy

scholarly journals Perempuan dan Teknologi Informasi

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
Fahruddin Faiz
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Cultural Revolution ◽  
World View ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Patriarchal Culture ◽  
Informational Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Technological World

The patriarchal culture that is gender biased has been proven to bring a negative effect in the harmony of human life. Men and women ideally must complete one-another and support each other in different ways. However patriarchal culture has made men became the main actors, dominant and hegemonic, and women became the figurant side, on the border and unable to express themselves. This 'sidedness' in the world of informational technology is one of the real facts in this problem. This article tries to prove how women's access to the technological world has been 'walled' since the beginning and how women are positioned only as a profitable object by exploiting their body and sexuality by technological practitioners. In the end of this article, the writer advises the need of a world-view patriarchal deconstruction, a cultural revolution, and a reformation of social structure as a way out of this problem.

scholarly journals Rodové rozdiely v preferenciách jednotlivých atribútov práce od roku 1991

2020 ◽  
pp. 224-233
Author(s):  
Alexandra Matejková
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
European Values ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Individual

Changing gender roles and the rise of paid jobs for women in the second half of the twentieth century affects not only the labour market but family life as well. The aim of the paper is to capture the differences in the opinions of men and women about the individual characteristics of work / job attributes . Two mechanisms are traditionally provided to explain gender-based differences in career preferences: a) different gender-based socialization creating a contrast between gender roles of men and women and b) the position of women in the labor market in the existing social structure. According to the model of gender socialization, men are considered to be the breadwinners, while the main role of women mostly refers to the care of children and household. Therefore, we expect that the characteristics that represent the material conditions will be of key importance for men. On the contrary, the most important characteristics for women will be the features enabling to combine work with family care related duties. The model of social structure expects the existing gender-based differences in the preferences of individual characteristics of work to reflect the differences between men and women in the labor market as well as their structural positions and their approach to the rewarding system in the workplace. Our analysis based on the European Values Study (waves 1991 - 2017) finds only minimal differences in job attribute preferences among men and women. The notion of women not willing to put as much effort into work as “the breadwinners” due to other priorities therefore seems to refer to a rather outdated gender stereotype.

Гендерные различия в речи

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
Е.Б. Машкова
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
English Language ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Past ◽  
American Society

Аннотация: Статья посвящена вопросу гендерных различий в речи, а именно различиям в речи мужчин и женщин в английском языке и в американском обществе за последние двадцать лет. Так же объясняется, чем вызваны данные особенности, собраны взгляды ученых по данной проблеме. Приводятся примеры на английском языке и их эквивалентный перевод на русский язык. Цель данной статьи - дать читателю сравнить английский язык женщин и мужчин живущих в Америке за последние двадцать лет и сравнить их социальные проблемы и социальный строй общества с сегодняшним, проследить развитие языка в аспекте гендерной лингвистики. Таким образом, здесь приводится обзор научных работ американских исследователей, посвященных гендерным различиям в речи мужчин и женщин, отмечаемым в последние двадцать лет в американском обществе. Ключевые слова: гендерная лингвистика, гендерные различия в речи, социолингвистический анализ, рефлексия, природа женщины и мужчины. Аннотация: Бул макалада эркектер менен аялдардын ортосундагы сөзүндө гендердик айырмачылыктар боюнча АКШ изилдөөчүлөрдүн илимий иштин баяндамасы болуп саналат, ал америкалык коомдогу акыркы жыйырма жылда байкалган. Атап айтканда, акыркы жыйырма жылдын ичинде англис жана америкалык коомдо эркектер менен аялдардын сөз айырмачылыктары, сөз гендердик айырмачылыктарга багытталган. Жөн гана, бул өзгөчөлүктөрдү улам бул маселе боюнча окумуштуулардын пикирлерин чогултуп, аны түшүндүрүп берет. Мисалы, англис тилинде берилет жана орус тилине барабар котормо жатат. Бул макалада акыркы жыйырма жыл аралыгында Америкада жашап англис аял менен эркек салыштырып, алардын коомдук көйгөйлөрдү жана бүгүнкү күндө коомдун коомдук түзүлүшүн, гендердик илими тармагында тилдин өнүгүшүнө байкоо салыштырып, окурманга мисал катары айтып берүү болуп саналат. Түйүндүү сөздөр: гендердик тил илими, сөз гендердик айырмачылыктар, социолингвистикалык талдоо, ой жүгүртүү, табияты аялдар менен эркектер. Annotation: The article is devoted to the issue of gender differences in speech, namely the differences in the speech of men and women in the English language and in American society over the past twenty years. It also explains what caused these features, collected the views of scientists on this issue. Examples in English and their equivalent translation into Russian are given. The purpose of this article is to allow the reader to compare the English language of women and men living in America over the past twenty years and compare their social problems and social structure of society with today's, to follow the development of the language in the aspect of gender linguistics. Thus, here is an overview of the scientific work of American researchers on gender differences in the speech of men and women, celebrated in American society over the past twenty years. Keywords: gender linguistics, gender differences in speech, sociolinguistic analysis, reflection, nature of women and men.

scholarly journals The Ambiguity of Punk Women ‘Masculinity’ in Kuehnert’s I Wanna Be Your Joey Ramone and Castellucci’s Beige Novel

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-148
Author(s):  
Ellita Permata Widjayanti ◽  
Tarascania Audina ◽  
Andrian Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Rock Music ◽  
Hegemonic Masculinity ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Men And Women

Punk constitutes a subculture that is perceived as an androgyny community in which there is no clear difference between men and women. However, this androgyny matter is questioned by the sexism that occurred through hegemonic masculinity. This study aims to see how the femininity of punk women intertwined with the hegemonic masculinity and to see the resistance to the hegemony in Kuehnert's I Want to Be Your Joey Ramone and Castellucci's Beige novel. The method used is descriptive analysis with the theory of hegemony masculinity. The results of this study indicate that hegemonic masculinity in punk is constructed through social structure and rock music. The resistance of women gets a rejection from both punk men and women themselves. The masculinity of punk women then raises the ambiguity of their position and role in the community.

scholarly journals Kurichiya Women of Kerala - Tradition, and Modernity

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
K P Sany
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Tribal Population ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Tribal Women ◽  
South Indian ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Intimate Relation

The status of tribal women has been like a moving equilibrium at various times and in various parts of the globe. It has sometimes been liberal and other times of constraint and subordination. With regard to India, gradual variations are marked in the works of vedic, puranic medieval and modem age writers. The (constitution of India guarantees several rights to Scheduled Tribes including women. Various studies on the South Indian tribals have always been ignored tribal women though they continue to constitute half of the tribal population. Predominantly, the male bias remained largely unrestricted as such studies were by a large, carried out by the males. The latter extracted information from male respondents, as the women were comparatively difficult to approach due to their inherent reluctance for the purpose.1 Hence, the world’s view of tribal women, regarding their own position in society, could not be put forth. Women have been playing a significant role in the society and culture and will continue to do the same in future. Even when the intimate relation of man and women is accepted and women have been occupying a very prominent status in the social milieu, the treatment of men and women has been differentiated in social structure as well as social organization.

scholarly journals Capitalizing The Sacred: Marketing Blessed Water as Religious Theraphy in Krejengan Probolinggo

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-170
Author(s):  
Rojabi Azharghany
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Material Thing ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
Holy Water ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Stock Of Knowledge ◽  
Ritual Practices

This study considers a question of whether blessings are commodified in the ritual practices of religious therapy associated with the certain religious figures. Buying the Air Berkah (Holy Water) from Habib Hasan Al Muhdor, a religios leader of Majelis Shalawat Ahbabul Musthofa, is a continuous tradition practiced by local Muslims at Widoro  Krejengan Probolinggo. By observing this religious (or economic?) therapy, this study attempts to argue that they have been transmitting the material thing, money, into the blessing of the attendant spirit mediums. As they received blessing and magical item from the medium air berkah, they reached for wallets to make donation. This study goes to analyze the ways their stock of knowledge are constructed through ritualized practices of buying air berkah and the ways it reproduced the social structure of Krejengan community associated with their religious belief in the commodified item of blessing. It leads this study to conclusion that religion of the masses requires holy men to satisfy the needs of ordinary men and women, and hence the sacred and charisma are corrupted by the demand for miracles and spectacles through certain mechanism, including religious therapy.

GROUP SALIENCE AND STEREOTYPING

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack McKillip ◽  
Anthony J. Dimiceli ◽  
Jerry Luebke
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Intergroup Interaction ◽  
Male College ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Male College Students

Salience of sexual identity was varied in intergroup interaction for 75 female and 77 male college students. Participants rated attraction for and made attributions of sex-linked personality traits to men and women presented on slides. Under conditions of high as compared to low group salience, own group members were rated as more attractive than other group members, men made greater use of the male competence stereotype and women made greater use of the female warmth stereotype. These findings were interpreted as consistent with a social comparison interpretation of intergroup interaction.

Literacy and the Social Origins of Some Early Americans

1979 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Galenson
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
New World ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Colonial America ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Social Origins ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
Indentured Servants

An issue that has long concerned historians of colonial America is that of the social origins of the English men and women who came to the New World in bondage. It has been estimated that half of all white immigration to the thirteen colonies was made up of indentured servants; therefore no quantitative description of the labour force or the social structure of colonial America is possible without some knowledge of what kinds of people bound themselves to serve in return for passage to the colonies. Historians' assessments of these early immigrants have ranged widely, from Abbot Emerson Smith's judgment that they were ‘the most ignorant and idle’ of English contemporaries to Mildred Campbell's view that ‘most were drawn from the middling classes…the productive groups in England's working population’.

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