Preliminary Survey and Core Sampling on the Aegean Coast of Turkey

1992 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
K. Lambrianides
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
History Of ◽  
University College London ◽  
The Government ◽  
Geomorphological Evolution ◽  
Coastal Settlement

This survey was planned with the help of the Human Environment Department of the Institute of Archaeology, University College London. Fieldwork was carried out with the help of: Bayan Asuman Güngör, the government representative (from Türk İslam Müzesi, Yeşil-Bursa). We also welcomed two visitors from Ege Üniversitesi, Edebiyat Fakültesi: Mr. Kirami Ölgen (geomorphologist and research assistant of Prof, İlhan Kayan, Coğrafya Bölümü) and Dr. Halime Hüryılmaz, (archaeologist, Klasik Arkeoloji Anabilim Dalı), who came to Altınova and provided invaluable expertise. We were also greatly assisted throughout by the advice and involvement of Prof, İlhan Kayan himself before, during and after the coring. Initial analysis of the core samples was carried out at their laboratory at Ege by Prof. Kayan and Mr. Ölgen. The latter also sampled the cores and prepared the chart of the bore-hole findings. Finance was again generously provided by the BIAA and the CRF of London University. Fieldwork took place between 30th October and 8th November 1991.The aim of the survey was to study the geomorphological evolution of the Madra Çay delta and to learn more about the palaeo-environmental history of a mound located on the delta, as part of a study of prehistoric coastal settlement on the Aegean coast of Turkey. Adaptation to the environment is regarded as one of the four functional criteria of cultural systems and we wanted to find out which of the various different phases in the changing environment of the delta had attracted human occupation.

Militarizing Rubber

2018 ◽  
pp. 245-279
Author(s):  
Michitake Aso
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
War Machine ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
And Behavior

The extreme violence brought to bear on the Vietnamese society and environment by the American war machine during the 1960s meant that measures taken by South Vietnamese leaders ended up sustaining plantation production. Ironically, the communist insurgency also benefited from rubber plantations, which continued to serve as a valuable source of material and recruits. Meanwhile, North Vietnamese rubber experts worked to extend the range of hevea into more northern latitudes so that latex could flow in the socialist world. Chapter 7 extends the history of rubber to 1975 to show the ways that memories of colonialism continued to structure thoughts and behavior regarding rubber, and suggests why human-environment interactions on the plantations of post-1975 socialist Vietnam often resembled those of their colonial predecessors. This chapter focuses on the degree to which colonial discourse as materialized on plantations was subverted by various actors and revisits the historiography of the Vietnam War by adopting the lens of environmental history to show the unexpected consequences of plantation agriculture. Finally, it considers how the post–World War II development of “synthetic” rubber affected the actions of those associated with “natural” rubber plantations.

Environmental history

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Richard T. Corlett
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Homo Erectus ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Natural Catastrophes ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spread Of Agriculture

This chapter covers the environmental history of Tropical East Asia, starting with its assembly from Gondwanan fragments during the Mesozoic. Changes in sea level, climate, and vegetation are covered in increasing detail from the Eocene to the present day, and the influence of volcanic eruptions and other natural catastrophes is discussed. The history of human occupation is outlined, from the appearance of Homo erectus more than a million years ago, through the arrival of modern humans in the region 80,000–50,000 years ago, to the spread of agriculture and the development of urban settlements. Human impacts on natural ecosystems are considered throughout the period of occupation, culminating in the concept of the human-dominated Anthropocene.

scholarly journals Surviving Fisheries Management: Aquaculture, Angling, and Lake Ahmic

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Michael Del Vecchio
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
Fisheries Science ◽  
The Social ◽  
Grass Root ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Village

The vast majority of inland waters in Ontario have been designated as purely recreational fisheries. Environmental historians who study human-fish relations have demonstrated the influence of anglers in the establishment of fishing regulations and fisheries management policies that sought to maximize fish resources for sport fishing and fishing tourism. To achieve this goal, aquaculture programs were conducted throughout Ontario that artificially reared fish and planted them in lakes. For over a century, from approximately 1860-1960, Ontario relied on aquaculture as a blanket solution to all fishery problems. Over the past fifty years, fisheries science has questioned the ecological benefits of stocking programs. Stocking efforts in the province have been drastically reduced since the 1960s but have continued largely because of grass root initiatives from concerned anglers. Lake Ahmic is home to a small cottage community based out of the village of Magnetawan. The lake has been stocked with a variety of fish species for over a hundred years. In addition to this, several species have been accidentally introduced to Lake Ahmic altering its ecological balance. Between 1987 and 2006, a local angling organization was responsible for initiating and running a walleye-stocking program on Lake Ahmic. In 2006, to the disappointment of the local anglers and greater Magnetawan community, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources canceled the stocking program. At the root of the discord between the community and the government is a century long history of efforts to engineer a desirable nature at Lake Ahmic, as well as shifting ideas of what this desirable nature is, and the role that science should play in bringing it about. I argue that a century of stocking fish on Lake Ahmic has reified the practice into the community’s conservation ethos. The environmental history of Lake Ahmic adds insight into the social and political tensions that have arisen as a result of the cancelation of the stocking program.

scholarly journals Preliminary Report on Unique Laminated Holocene Sediments from the Qarun Lake in Egypt

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek Marks ◽  
Alaa Salem ◽  
Fabian Welc ◽  
Jerzy Nitychoruk ◽  
Zhongyuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Varved Sediments ◽  
The Core ◽  
Basal Section ◽  
History Of ◽  
Southwestern Margin ◽  
The One

Abstract The Lake Qarun (Faiyum Oasis, northern Egypt) is a relic of the much larger Holocene lake. Past lake levels and extensions were reconstructed, based on setting of archaeological sites scattered along northern paleoshores of the ancient lake. However, geoarcheological works did not yield enough data to establish continuous environmental history of the lake. A deep drilling FA-1 on the southeastern shore of the lake, performed in 2014, supplied with a core, 26 m long that is the one of the longest lake sediment cores in northeastern Africa. The basal section of the core consisted of thin-laminated diatom marly deposits, underlain at the Late Pleistocene/Holocene boundary by coarse-grained sands. The sediment lamine were quite well developed, especially in the lower part of the core. Preliminary results indicated annually deposited sediment sequence with seasonality signals provided by microlamine of diatoms, calcite, organic matter and clastic material. Early Holocene varved sediments from the Faiyum Oasis supplied with exceptional paleoenvironmental data for northeastern Africa, which enriched a record from previous logs drilled at the southwestern margin of the Qarun Lake.

scholarly journals Shell mounds as the basis for understanding human-environment interactions in far north Queensland, Australia

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Shiner ◽  
P. C. Fanning ◽  
S. J. Holdaway ◽  
F. Petchey ◽  
C. Beresford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Far North ◽  
Shell Mounds ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anadara Granosa ◽  
Level Of Analysis

<p>The Weipa shell mounds have a long history of archaeological research that has made a significant contribution to our understanding of the emergence of late Holocene coastal economies in northern Australia. However, much of this work has focused on broad comparisons of mounds between multiple locations rather than detailed studies of multiple mounds from single locations. This level of analysis is required to understand the record of both human occupation and environmental change and how these have given rise to the form of archaeological record visible in the present. In this paper we describe the results of a recent pilot study of four <em>Anadara granosa</em>-dominated shell mounds at Wathayn Outstation near Weipa in far north Queensland. We adopt a formational approach that investigates variability in shape, size, orientation, stratigraphy, shell fragmentation and diversity and mound chronology, as well as dating of the surfaces upon which the mounds have been constructed. Results indicate multiple periods of shell accumulation in each mound, separated by hiatuses. The mounds are the end product of a complex mix of processes that include how often and how intensively mounds were used and reused, together with the nature of the shell populations that people exploited and the post-depositional environmental changes that have occurred over the centuries the mounds have existed.</p>

Physical geography on the methodological fence: David Stoddart (1965) Geography and the ecological approach: The ecosystem as a geographic principle and method. Geography 50: 242–251

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
George P. Malanson
Keyword(s):  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Physical Geography ◽  
Ecological Approach ◽  
Current Position ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
The Core ◽  
History Of Geography ◽  
History Of

The concept and use of ‘systems’ in geography has had a difficult history. While it is considered to be at the core of physical geography, systems thinking has never united the discipline. Stoddart’s (1965) exhortation reveals some of the reasons for both the allegiance to the concept and the difficulties in putting it into practice. In 1965 the fissures in geography separated the spatial from the chorological tradition and both from that of human-environment; Stoddart attempted to identify a methodology, with a clear role for physical geography, that could address such divisions. Stoddart’s thinking illustrates why it is so difficult for any single methodology to cover geography’s concerns. Moreover, it represents a particular moment in the history of geography that helps us understand the current position of physical geography in the discipline.

scholarly journals THE QUALITIES OF LEADERSHIP AND THEIR EFFECT IN TUHFAT AL-NAFIS BY RAJA ALI HAJI

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (13) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Amirul Mohd Yusof ◽  
Norazimah Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Literary Text ◽  
Leadership Qualities ◽  
The Core ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Times ◽  
Islamic Leadership ◽  
Or History

Tuhfat al-Nafis was a literary text or history of Malay historiography. As a Malay historiographical text, the scope of the times at that time are still patterned feudal and monarchical systems of government. The description of the monarchical leadership system is still the core and the ups and downs of a government depend on the qualities of the existing leadership. This paper aims to explain the leadership qualities found in the text of Tuhfat al-Nafis. These leadership qualities will be explained using the Islamic leadership approach. Tuhfat Al-Nafis was composed by a palace author named Raja Ali Haji. In writing Tuhfat Al-Nafis, Raja Ali Haji correspondence to fulfill the vision and mission of a government of Malay-Bugis. The findings of the study found that leaders who meet the characteristics of Islamic-based leadership such as good character, strong and ‘musyawarah’ make the government under his rule peaceful and prosperous.

scholarly journals History of environmental impact assesment in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
F S Dhiksawan ◽  
S P Hadi ◽  
A Samekto ◽  
D P Sasongko
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
National Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Environmental Laws ◽  
History Of ◽  
Environmental Consideration ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

This research on the history Environmental Impact Asessment (EIA) in Indonesia is aimed at obtaining an overview of the changes in regulations concerning EIA. It methods and materials in the form of library study including journals, books, and research documents on the history of EIA. The research produced an overview of the early history of EIA in Indonesia. The overview starts from the participation of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia in the Conference on the Human Environment (UNCHE) Stockholm in 1972. In 1973 Indonesia began inserting environmental consideration into the national development program based on the Decree of the People's Consultative Assembly Number IV of 1973 in the Broad Outlines of State Policy Chapter III Part B item (10). Environment law was firstly enacted in Indonesia in 1982. As time went by, the environmental laws went changes in 1997 and 2009. This law mandated the enactment of government regulation concerning EIA.  EIA was first implemented in Indonesia based on the Government Regulation Number 29 of 1986. It was replaced with the Government Regulation Number 51 of 1993. Then It was revoked and replaced with Number 27 of 1999. After 3 (three) years replaced with Number 27 of 2012 on environmental license.

scholarly journals Freshwater Colonists: The Wellington Acclimatisation Society and the Introduction of Trout, 1871-1914

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Alexandra Dekker
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
Over Time

<p>The Wellington Acclimatisation Society was established in 1871, as part of a larger acclimatisation movement that featured the systematic introduction and exchange of many species across the world. After merging with other lower North Island societies, the Wellington Society began work on introducing trout to the streams and rivers of the district. Initially, the Society was made up of prominent members of the Wellington community, but over time these well-connected enthusiasts gave way to those with practical skills and knowledge. During the twentieth century the Society became an increasingly formalised group, working closely with the Government and other acclimatisation societies within New Zealand, as well as internationally. These networks, which were initially essential for trout introductions through imperial links, soon moved from an emphasis on importations and exchange to a focus on the continued maintenance of trout species throughout the Wellington district. The success of trout introductions relied on the ability of the Wellington Society to sufficiently modify the New Zealand environment. The close ties that existed between acclimatisation societies and the colonial Government meant the Wellington Society could undertake extensive environmental modification and management using a special authority, alongside a degree of involvement from the community. In this way, the introduction of trout had a significant impact on both the social and environmental history of New Zealand.</p>

scholarly journals A buried past: five thousand years of (pre) history on the Jing-Wei floodplain

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ye Wa ◽  
Anke Hein
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
Longue Duree ◽  
Longue Durée ◽  
Historical Accounts

Abstract The Jing-Wei Floodplain, located in Shaanxi, China, has been home to various groups of people over the last 5000 years. Drawing together evidence from archaeology, paleobotany, geomorphology, climate sciences, and history, this paper provides a longue durée study of the local (pre)history of human occupation in this area with a special focus on human adaptation strategies and environmental history. In particular, the study summarizes and evaluates archaeological and geomorphological field research conducted over the last ten years and connects it with often overlooked local historical accounts and recent climate research in the Wei River Valley and observations on recent economic developments and their impact on both the environment and the people living in it. In spite of a rather long hiatus in occupation from the second century BCE to the twelfth century CE, the evidence shows that there are close similarities in human-environment relations and even continuities into the modern period. Though being a highly localized study, this paper can serve as an example for how such longue durée studies may be conducted in other regions, and it provides some suggestions for future field and laboratory research.

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