The Workers in the Workers' Educational Association, 1903–1950

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Rose
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Board Of Education ◽  
Institutional History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Adult Classes ◽  
The Impact

The history of British continuing education has been written almost entirely as institutional history. The impact of the 1924 Board of Education regulations on the funding of adult classes has been thoroughly examined, and we know a good deal about the various district secretaries of the Workers' Educational Association. But we have yet to tackle a set of more fundamental and revealing questions about the WEA: Who were the students? Why did they enroll in WEA courses? What were their intellectual goals? What cultural equipment did they bring to their classes? What went on inside the classroom? Most importantly, how, if at all, did the WEA change the lives and minds of its students?This article focuses on a controversy that erupted shortly after the WEA was launched in 1903, and which persists today: a question that can only be resolved by studying WEA students at close range. According to a number of Marxist critics, the WEA played an important role in steering the British working class away from Marxism. Roger Fieldhouse argues that the WEA'S emphasis on objective scholarship and open-mindedness “could have the effect of neutralising some students' commitments or beliefs and integrating them into the hegemonic national culture.”

“Tangled Passions”: Realism and Lyricism in the Plays of Peter Gill

Modern Drama ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-457
Author(s):  
William McEvoy
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
History Of ◽  
Class Representation ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This article argues that the work of Welsh theatre director and playwright Peter Gill occupies a unique place in post-1960s’ British playwriting. It explores Gill’s plays as – using theatre critic Susannah Clapp’s phrase – the “missing link” between kitchen-sink realism and more self-consciously poetic forms of theatre text. Gill’s plays make an important contribution to the history of working-class representation in UK theatre for three main reasons: first, the centrality he gives to Wales, Welsh working-class characters, and the city of Cardiff; second, his emphasis on the experience of women, especially mothers; and third, his focus on young male characters expressing and exploring the complexities of same-sex desire. The plays make advances in terms of realist dialogue and structure while also experimenting with layout, repetition, fragmentation, poetic description, and monologue narration. Gill’s work realistically documents the impact of poverty, cramped housing conditions, and social deprivation on his characters as part of a political project to show the lives of Welsh working-class people on stage. While doing so, Gill innovates in his handling of time, perspective, viewpoint, and genre. His plays occupy a distinctive place in the history of British, working-class, gay theatre, helping us to rethink what each of these three key terms means.

scholarly journals Palestinian Continuing Education Under Occupation: Images of Distress and Possibilities for Hope

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Continuing Education ◽  
Program Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Palestinian Universities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Travel Restriction

This study examines how aspects of a militarily enforced occupation have influenced continuing education at Palestinian universities. It focuses on three influences: the impact of the politics of occupation on the history of continuing education; the effect of travel restriction, violence, and a damaged economy on participation; and the influence of a dependence on foreign donations on program development and delivery.

Defining the Product

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-99
Author(s):  
Yaara Benger Alaluf
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Emotion Knowledge ◽  
Leisure Class ◽  
Seaside Resort ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

This chapter explores how the objectives of the nascent holiday resort industry transformed in relation to dynamics of health, pleasure, and social class. It analyses the process of defining holiday as a product by drawing on source material from the different actors in the resort economy, including internal documents of the local corporations, resort publications, travel guides, railway advertising, vacationers’ accounts, and medical literature referring directly to holiday practices. It shows that the emotionally loaded encounter between different social classes at the resort was a core aspect of the shifting practices of holidaymaking from ‘taking the waters’ to commercial amusements, or from health to recreation. In order to comprehend these transformations, the chapter focuses on three watering-places that were among the most popular holiday destinations in Victorian and Edwardian Britain, but which differed in their characteristics: Harrogate—an aristocratic inland spa; Scarborough—a spa and seaside resort with mixed social clientele; and Blackpool—the exemplary working-class seaside town. The chapter concludes by pointing to the impact of the therapeutic rationalization of recreational activities on the resort industry, arguing that the notions of health and pleasure in the history of holidaymaking should not be addressed as opposites, but as interrelated concepts defined and valued within a wider context, namely the relation between leisure, class, gender, scientific expertise, and emotion knowledge.

Women's Studies in the University

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidyut Bhagwat
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Women's Studies ◽  
The State ◽  
Institutional History ◽  
University System ◽  
Women’S Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

This paper charts the institutional history of the Centre for Women's Studies in Poona, which was established in 1987 by the University Grants Commission. It does so both from the macro perspective of the impact of changes in the policies of the state since the time of its establishment and from the perspective of the micro-politics of everyday life within the university system. The paper provides important glimpses of how a particular centre has been able to grow and survive in spite of severe problems and an uncertain future.

The Precarious Working Life of Muriel Heagney, Labour Activist

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-31
Author(s):  
Jackie Dickenson ◽  
Rosemary Francis
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Women Workers ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Equal Pay ◽  
Similar Work ◽  
History Of ◽  
Class Woman ◽  
The Impact

Muriel Heagney’s activism for equal pay for the sexes has been well documented. Heagney (1885–1974) is an important actor in the key works on the history of the struggle for equal pay and improved opportunities and conditions for women workers in Australia. But what about her own pay and conditions, during her more than 50 years as a labour activist? As an unmarried, working-class woman, how did she support herself and her activism? This article reconstructs Heagney’s working life across the first half of the twentieth century, seeking to explain its significant opportunities and major constraints. It finds two influences on Heagney’s unstable working life: her reluctance to compromise and resistance to factional allegiance, and the impact of the system she worked to overturn, in which as a woman she was paid less than a man for the same or similar work and struggled to secure long-term employment. Sustained by an authentic commitment to securing equal pay, Heagney weathered long periods of uncertain prospects and financial insecurity, experiences that resonate strongly with those of the so-called gigariat today.

scholarly journals R. PLEČKAITIS IR BALTARUSIŠKOJI TAUTINĖS FILOSOFIJOSISTORIJOS TYRIMŲ TRADICIJA

Problemos ◽  
2010 ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Valery Yevarouski
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Intellectual Culture ◽  
National History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Post Soviet Period

Straipsnyje analizuojama dviejų filosofijos istorikų – Romano Plečkaičio ir Alfredo Maikhrovichiaus – vaidmuo plėtojant Lietuvos ir Baltarusijos filosofinę tradiciją. Nacionalinės filosofijos tradicija kaip tyrimų sritis buvo viena iš slaptos rezistencijos formų sovietmečiu.Posovietiniu laikotarpiu tautos filosofija tapo vienu svarbiausių stulpų, kuriais rėmėsi tautinis atgimimas. Šiuo požiūriu Plečkaičio ir Maikhrovichiaus, kaip mąstytojų, istorikų, grindusių Lietuvos ir Baltarusijos filosofinę tradiciją, poveikis savo krašto tautinės kultūros plėtrai ir yra aptariamas šiame straipsnyje. Visų pirma, analizuojant nacionalinės kultūros vystymąsi, kreipiamas dėmesys į Lietuvos ir Baltarusijos filosofinių diskursų interferenciją bei nacionalinių filosofijos istorijų genealoginę tradiciją. Daroma išvada, kad mūsų regiono intelektinė dinamika demonstruoja ir mokslininius, ir ideologinius veiksnius.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: Lietuvos filosofija, Baltarusijos filosofija, tautinės kultūros paveldas, Plečkaitis, Maikhrovich.R. Plečkaitis and Belarusian Tradition of Studies in the National History of PhilosophyValery Yevarouski   SummaryThe article analyses the role of two historians of philosophy – Romanas Plečkaitis and Alfred Maikhrovich – in the philosophical traditions of Lithuania and Belarus. The history of national philosophy as a field of knowledge was one of the legal forms of mimicry of the national resistance in Soviet times. In post-Soviet period, national philosophy became one of the important pillars of the national revival. From this point of view the impact of Plečkaitis and Maikhrovich as the founders of the Lithuanian and Belarusian philosophical traditions on the development of national culture of their countries is considered through the interference of the Belarusian and Lithuanian philosophical discourses or the genealogical tradition of the national history of philosophy. It means that the dynamic of the intellectual culture of our region must simultaneously have both the scientific and ideological factors.Keywords: Lithuanian philosophy, Belarusian philosophy, national cultural heritage, Plečkaitis, Maikhrovich.8px;"> 

scholarly journals Socialist Sunday Schools in Britain, 1892–1939

1966 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Religious Ideology ◽  
Sunday Schools ◽  
Recent Interest ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

Recent interest in the social conditions which underlay the emergence in Britain of independent labour politics in the last decade of the nineteenth century has thrown a good deal of light on the Labour Church movement. Dr. E. J. Hobsbawm, in a characteristically stimulating chapter of his Primitive Rebels, set the Labour Churches within the context of the “labour sects” which he isolates as a phenomenon of nineteenth century Britain and defines as “proletarian organisations and aspirations of a sort expressed through traditional religious ideology”. The concentration of academic attention on the Labour Church has given rise to the mention of a little known phenomenon of the British working-class movement, Socialist Sunday Schools which, it is usually suggested, were little more than a fringe activity of the Labour Churches. It is the object of this paper to give some account of the history of Socialist Sunday Schools in Britain until 1939 and to suggest that they too constitute a “labour sect” cognate with the Labour Church but organisationally and geographically distinct from it and therefore representing an extension of the working-class sectarian tradition beyond the limits of the nineteenth century within which Hobsbawn seems to confine it.

Beating Time in the Slow Movements: Bensaïd’s Revolutionary Rhythms

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-149
Author(s):  
Xavier Lafrance ◽  
Alan Sears
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Political ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Political Sphere ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Social Weight

Daniel Bensaïd was prominent among the revolutionary thinkers and activists who emerged from the mass insurgency of the 1960s, a period in which anti-capitalist organisers had genuine social weight grounded in connections to broad layers of the working class and radical movements. As the neoliberal offensive developed, working-class and allied movements experienced crucial defeats that marginalised anti-capitalist theory and practice. Bensaïd developed a unique theoretical analysis of radical mobilising during the neoliberal period, at once grounded in the history of revolutionary organising and audaciously open-ended in assessing the impact of capitalist restructuring and the employers’ offensive. The basis of his theoretical renewal lay in a new approach to understanding temporality that undercut any sense of socialist inevitability, and a commitment to revolutionary pluralism that was crucially located in the political sphere.

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

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