scholarly journals Opinions of American and Swedish Orthodontists about the Role of Erupting Third Molars as a Cause of Dental Crowding

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1139-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tüfekçi ◽  
D. Svensk ◽  
J. Kallunki ◽  
J. Huggare ◽  
S. J. Lindauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
The United States ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Dental Crowding ◽  
Upper Third

Abstract Objective: To compare the opinions of Swedish orthodontists and American orthodontists regarding the association between third molar eruption and dental crowding. Materials and Methods: A survey was distributed to Swedish orthodontists (n = 230) asking their views on the force exerted by erupting third molars, its relationship to crowding, and their recommendations for prophylactic removal. Results were compared with those from a similar study conducted in the United States. Chi square analysis was used to determine differences in responses to questions between Swedish and American orthodontists. P ≤ .05 was considered significant. Results: Both Swedish and American orthodontists believed that lower third molars were more likely than upper third molars to cause force (65% and 58% for Swedish and American orthodontists, respectively) and crowding (42% and 40%, respectively). No statistically significant differences were seen between the answers of American and Swedish orthodontists regarding the role of upper and lower third molars in causing crowding. Although only 18% of Swedish orthodontists “generally” or “sometimes” recommended prophylactic removal of mandibular third molars, 36% of American orthodontists “generally” or “sometimes” recommended removal (P < .0001). Conclusions: Most orthodontists in the United States and Sweden do believe that erupting lower third molars exert an anterior force; however, they also believe that these teeth “rarely” or “never” cause crowding of the dentition. The reason that more American orthodontists recommend prophylactic removal of mandibular third molars remains unexplained.

scholarly journals Assessment of role of mandibular third molar in lower anterior crowding among orthodontic patients of Kathmandu Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Bashu Dev Pant ◽  
Anjana Rajbhandari ◽  
Resina Pradhan ◽  
Manju Bajracharya ◽  
Surendra Maharjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anterior Crowding ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Introduction: Crowding in mandibular arch increases with increasing age and etiology of crowding is multifactorial in nature. Role of mandibular third molar in lower anterior crowding remains a topic of controvery over a period of century. The objective of this study was to assess whether there is any correlation between presence of mandibular third molar position and lower anterior crowding. Materials and Method: On the basis of third molar position one hundred and six sample of pretreatment orthodontic patients aged between 17 to 38 years were divided into erupted, erupting and agenesis group. The study was conducted in Peoples Dental College and Hospital from January 2020 to March 2020 after obtaining ethical approval from the institutional review committee. This cross-sectional study was done on dental casts and orthopantomogram; brass wire was used for measuring arch length and digital vernier caliper for measuring tooth material with modified segmental arch analysis method. Result: Among 106 samples collected 55 (51.88%) were female and 51(48.11%) were male and the mean age was 21.53 ± 3.91 years, Chi square and ANOVA test was used for Statistical analysis. This study showed no statistically significant differences between third molar position and lower anterior crowding on right (P= 0.68) and left side (P = 0.45). The study also showed that association between the third molar position and lower anterior crowding is more on left side compared to right side. Conclusion: Mandibular third molars have not statistically significant difference in lower anterior crowding so, extraction of third molars for relieving the anterior crowding is not justifiable

scholarly journals Role of impacted teeth in dental arch crowding

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ali Sawas ◽  
Linah Essam Arabi ◽  
Samirah Hashim Jabir ◽  
Reem Nawaf AlSaadi ◽  
Mohammed Ahmed Al Nassir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Tooth ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
Anterior Crowding ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Dental Crowding ◽  
The Impact

Estimates show that the prevalence of mandibular dental anterior crowding is high and might be up to 40%. The etiology of the condition has been multifactorial and evidence regarding the impact of mandibular third molars is still controversial. We discussed the potential role that impacted teeth (particularly mandibular third molars) might have in developing dental arch crowding. Evidence from different original studies and reviews regarding the impact of lower third molars on dental crowding was controversial. However, most of these studies showed that the correlation between these events was insignificant and additional studies might be needed for further validation. We have also identified many factors that can lead to dental arch crowding among the relevant studies in the literature. These factors might include general factors (including gender and age), skeletal factors (including malocclusion and growth of jaws) and dental factors (including primary tooth loss and tooth crown size), all of which were extensively discussed in the current study. Accordingly, further attention should also be paid to studying these factors.

Role Models, Perceived Sport Encouragement, and Sport Expectancies of United States Adolescent Athletes and Their Parents

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott B. Martin ◽  
Peggy A. Richardson ◽  
Karen H. Weiller ◽  
Allen W. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Youth Sport ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Parental Encouragement ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

During the past decade females have had more opportunities to participate in sports at various levels than ever before. These opportunities and the recognition received due to their success may have changed peoples’ views regarding same-sex role models, perceived parental encouragement, and expectations of success. Thus, the purpose of the study was to explore role models, perceived encouragement to participate in youth sport from parents, and sport expectations of adolescent athletes and their parents living in the United States of America. A questionnaire was administered to 426 adolescent athletes who competed in youth sport leagues and to one parent within each family unit (n=426). Chi square analysis indicated significant relationships between athletes’ gender and the gender of their role model and between parents’ gender and the gender of their role model (p = .0001). DM MANOVA revealed a significant multivariate difference for adolescent athletes and their parents on the questions concerning expectations for future athletic success. Post hoc analyses indicated that the athletes were more likely than their parents to believe that they could play at the college, Olympic, or professional levels. In addition, boys were more likely than girls to believe that they could play at the college, Olympic, and professional levels.

scholarly journals The Incidence of Revision Adenoidectomy: A Comparison of four Surgical Techniques over a 10-year Period

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. E5-E9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nipun Bhandari ◽  
Debra M. Don ◽  
Jeffrey A. Koempel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Revision Surgery ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
The United States ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Adenoid Tissue ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Approximately 130,000 adenoidectomies are performed each year in the United States. Few studies have examined adenoid regrowth and the incidence of revision surgery or have compared four different surgical instruments commonly used for adenoid surgery within the same institution. This study aimed to determine the incidence of revision adenoidectomy after the use of microdebrider, Coblation, suction cautery, and curette instruments over a 10-year period at a single major tertiary children's center in the United States. A retrospective chart review was performed for all patients who underwent primary and/or revision adenoidectomy at the Children's Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA) between August 2004 and August 2014. During the 10-year study period, a microdebrider was used in 212 cases, Coblation in 382, suction cautery in 1,926, and curette in 3,139 adenoidectomies. The percentages of revision adenoidectomy were 1.42% (3 patients) for microdebrider, 0.79% (3 patients) for Coblation, 0.36% (7 patients) for suction cautery, and 0.03% (1 patient) for curette. The cumulative incidence of revision adenoidectomy for initial surgeries performed at CHLA was 0.2% for the 10-year study period. Pearson chi-square analysis showed statistically significant differences between the surgical techniques (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, regrowth of adenoid tissue requiring revision surgery occurs very infrequently irrespective of the instrument used for the primary procedure, and the most common indication for revision adenoidectomy is to improve eustachian tube dysfunction rather than nasal obstruction due to adenoid hypertrophy.

scholarly journals Nutrition from the kitchen: culinary medicine impacts students’ counseling confidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Magallanes ◽  
Ahana Sen ◽  
Milette Siler ◽  
Jaclyn Albin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Early Death ◽  
The United States ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Culinary Medicine ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Although a poor diet is the number one risk factor for early death in the United States and globally, physicians receive little to no training in dietary interventions and lack confidence counseling patients about lifestyle modifications. Innovative, interprofessional strategies to address these gaps include the emergence of culinary medicine, a hands-on approach to teaching the role of food in health outcomes. We sought to assess the impact of a culinary medicine elective on counseling confidence, awareness of an evidence-based approach to nutrition, and understanding of the role of interprofessional teamwork in dietary lifestyle change among medical students at one undergraduate medical school. Methods We administered pre- and post-course surveys to two cohorts of medical students (n = 64 at pre-test and n = 60 at post-test) participating in a culinary medicine enrichment elective. Chi-square analysis was used to assess the relationship between participation in the course and a positive response to each survey item. Results Compared with the baseline, students participating in culinary medicine were more likely to feel confident discussing nutrition with patients (29% vs 92%; p < 0.001), to feel familiar with the Mediterranean diet (54% vs. 97%; p < 0.001), and to understand the role of dietitians in patient care (37% vs. 93%; p < 0.001). Conclusions Culinary medicine shows promise as an impactful educational strategy among first-year medical students for increasing counseling confidence, promoting familiarity with evidence-based nutrition interventions, and augmenting understanding of the role of interprofessional engagement to address lifestyle-related disease.

scholarly journals Mandibular Third Molars and Lower Anterior Crowding: Comparison of Opinions of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgeons and Orthodontists

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-264
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azeem ◽  
Muhammad Mudassar Saleem ◽  
Sana Mehmood Qureshi ◽  
Arshad Mehmood ◽  
Muhammad Imran Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Anterior Crowding ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

Objective: To compare the opinion of orthodontists and oral-maxillofacial surgeons on relation between erupting mandibular third molars and lower incisal crowding.Patients and Methods: This descriptive study involved 100 Pakistani clinicians (50 orthodontists, 50 oral-maxillofacial surgeons) to answer online questionnaire regarding their opinions on link between erupting Mandibular Third Molars along with their extraction opinion with reference to development and prevention of lower incisal crowding. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Pearson's chi-square test was applied and statistical significance was defined at <=0.05.Results: Statistically insignificant differences were found between oral-maxillofacial surgeons and orthodontists regarding question of erupting mandibular third molars in causing lower incisal crowding. Similarly, statistically insignificant differences between oral-maxillofacial surgeons and orthodontists were found regarding question of recommending preventive extraction of mandibular third molars for developing lower incisal crowding.Conclusion: No opinion differences were observed between Pakistani oral surgeons and orthodontists, regarding the link of lower third molar as a cause of lower incisal crowding.

Comparing Disability Prototypes in the United States and Kenya

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Erin Martz ◽  
Samantha Daniel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Superordinate Category ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Disability Categories ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

The purpose of this cross-cultural research was to examine prototypical perspectives about disability groups in the United States and Kenya. Open-ended questions permitted participants to describe what they thought were prototypical characteristics of people in four disability groups (AIDS, hearing impairment, mental illness, and spinal cord injury). A global chi-square analysis indicated that significant differences existed in the prototypical responses of the two samples. While both samples had the highest percentage in the category of disability-focused responses, there were greater ability-focused and lesser disability-focused responses in the U.S. sample in comparison to the Kenyan sample. Further, individual chi-square analyses of each superordinate category, when examining the two samples across four disability categories, demonstrated that only one superordinate category, stigma, was significantly different between the two samples, whereas the other five superordinate categories (i.e., ability focus, disaoility focus, negative emotions, positive emotions, and random response) exhibited no significant differences. Implications of the findings are briefly discussed.

Racial and ethnic representation trends in United States oncology training programs.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6519-6519
Author(s):  
Conner Lombardi ◽  
Jacob Lang ◽  
Rochell Issa ◽  
Oluchi Ukaegbu Oke ◽  
Krishna Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Radiation Oncology ◽  
Medical Oncology ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Gynecologic Oncology ◽  
Surgical Oncology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pediatric Hematology ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

6519 Background: Utilizing race and ethnicity data from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), this study aims to assess representation trends across American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) participant specialties from the past five academic years in order to characterize current needs and effectively address these needs moving forward. Methods: Self-reported ethnicity/race data from the ACGME database books were collected from academic years 2015-16 to 2019-2020 for the following oncologic training programs: hematology and medical oncology, medical oncology, gynecologic oncology, pediatric hematology and oncology, radiation oncology, complex general surgical oncology. Summary statistics and chi-square analysis were conducted to compare underrepresented minority (URM) trends across programs. URM groups were cross-referenced with definitions provided by the AAMC and included those who identify as Hispanic, Latino or of Spanish origin, Black or African American, and Native American or Alaskan. Results: Over the study period, only 1,250 (9.0%) of 13,853 oncology trainees identified as URM. Chi-square analysis demonstrated no significant change in URM representation in all oncology specialties combined between 2015-16 and 2019-20 (8.9% [95% CI, 7.8%-10.0%] vs. 9.7% [95% CI, 8.7%-10.8%]; P=.31). Between 2015-16 and 2019-20, Hematology and oncology (+1.3%), pediatric hematology and oncology (+0.3%) all demonstrated insignificant increasing trends in representation while radiation oncology (-0.3%), complex general surgical oncology (-4.0%) had statistically insignificant decreasing trends in representation. Gynecologic oncology (+6.0%) demonstrated a significant increasing trend in representation. Conclusions: This is the first study to characterize the vast disparities in representation in oncologic training programs in the United States. There is a demonstrated lack of representation across all oncology training programs and a lack of significant improvement over the study period. A multiprong approach is needed to improve diversity and representation across the spectrum of the oncology workforce in the United States.

Acceptability of Suicide: Attitudes in Taiwan and in the United States

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Domino ◽  
Di Shen ◽  
Sulin Su
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Significant Response ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Incurable Illness ◽  
Normal Behavior ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Reasonable Solution ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

The Suicide Opinion Questionnaire was administered to two samples, one from Taiwan ( n = 291) and one from the United States ( n = 218). Mean scores on the Acceptability scale were significantly higher for the Taiwanese sample, indicating greater acceptance. A chi-square analysis indicated significant response rates for ten of the eleven items, with eight of the eleven items showing greater agreement in the Taiwanese sample. Taiwanese are less accepting of suicide in cases of incurable illness, and agree less that suicide may be the only escape from life's problems. They are, however, more accepting of suicide for the elderly infirm, for captured soldiers, as a reasonable solution, as a normal behavior, agree with non-interference, with the option of suicide clinics, and passive suicide.

Investigating Ostracism and Racial Microaggressions Toward Afro-Brazilians

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eros R. DeSouza ◽  
Eric D. Wesselmann ◽  
Leonidas R. Taschetto ◽  
Gabriel C. Rosa ◽  
Carla F. F. Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Racial Bias ◽  
Racial Microaggressions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Group Approach ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Written Responses ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Recall Paradigm

We examined two forms of social exclusion toward Afro-Brazilians commonly found in the United States, ostracism and racial microaggressions. We utilized a mixed-method (quantitative-experimental and qualitative) approach to investigate ostracism and a qualitative focus group approach to study racial microaggressions. In Study 1 ( n = 29), we experimentally investigated ostracism through a recall paradigm in which participants wrote about being either included or ostracized. An independent t test showed that participants in the ostracized condition reported significantly worse psychological outcomes than those in the included condition ( p < .001). We coded participants’ written responses by whether they included attributions of racial bias by experimental condition. A Pearson chi-square analysis ( p = .017) revealed that racial bias was mentioned in 75% of the cases in the ostracized condition. Studies 2a and 2b ( ns = 6 and 8, respectively) consisted of two focus groups in different regions of Brazil that asked participants about their experiences with racial microaggressions. We found similarities to previous microaggression categories identified in the United States, extending our understanding of how microaggressions evoke feelings of social exclusion, which also occur when someone is ostracized.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document