scholarly journals Study on the Length Distribution and the Growth Rate of Sn Whiskers Generated on Sn/Cu Plating System

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 273-281
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Sakamoto ◽  
Kazuto Tsuda ◽  
Wataru Yamazaki ◽  
Masaomi Shimura ◽  
Sotomi Ishihara
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Sn Whiskers

scholarly journals Ageing and Growth Records of Anabas testudineus (Bloch) (Anabantidae : Perciformes)

1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-287
Author(s):  
A Nargis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Anabas Testudineus ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Back Calculation ◽  
Males And Females

Observations on otoliths of 115 males and 67 females of 1-11 age group have shown that the transparent (hyaline) and opaque rings are formed annually on the Anabas testudineus otolith. The validity of the otolith study has been confirmed by obtaining high co- efficient of correlation (0.94 and 0.93) between total length (TL) and otolith (OR) of 337 males and 387 females of A. testudineus. But the significant differences (t=15.80, D. F=722; P < 0.001) between the sexes have indicated the use of length intercept separately for back calculation for males and females. Growth rate for females (k=0.174, L=237.12) was found to grow faster than that of males (k=0.182, L=18). From the age length distribution it is inferred that on an average, lengths of 105.30±3.98, 122.56±5.22, 143.24 ±5.66 for males and 106.70±5.17, 127.81±5.20 and 145.59±5.42 for females are attained by the species in the respective ages of 3 years of their life spans . Keywords: Growth rate; Stractures of fish; Rapid metabolism DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v45i3.6539Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(3), 283-287, 2010

scholarly journals STRUKTUR UKURAN DAN PARAMETER POPULASI IKAN LEMADANG (Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758 ) DI LAUT SULAWESI

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Umi Chodrijah ◽  
Duto Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Population Parameter ◽  
Coryphaena Hippurus ◽  
Mortality Index ◽  
The Status

Ikan lemadang (Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus 1758.) dalam perdagangan internasional dikenal dengan nama mahi-mahi atau dolphinfish termasuk dalam family Coryphaenidae. Sebagai ikan pelagis, oseanik, bermigrasi jauh serta tersebar di perairan tropis dan subtropis di seluruh dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji struktur ukuran dan parameter populasi ikan lemadang di Luat Sulawesi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Bitung, Sulawesi Utara, pada Februari-Desember 2012. Data perikanan dianalisis dari rekaman data pendaratan tahunan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Bitung pada kurun waktu 2004–2014. Analisis parameter laju pertumbuhan menggunakan pendekatan pergeseran modus, sedangkan perkiraan tingkat pemanfaatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan program FISAT II. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebaran panjang cagak ikan lemadang (Coryphaena hippurus) dari sampel 4160 ekor ikan tercatat panjang minimum 30 cm FL, panjang maksimum 121 cmFL dan panjang-rata-rata 59,8 + 1,39 cm, dengan berat rata-rata sebesar 2,1 + 1,52 kg. Pola pertumbuhan bersifat isometrik dengan persamaan hubungan panjang-berat W=0,000003L3,2203 (r2=0,93). Pendugaan parameter populasi ikan lemadang di Laut Sulawesi diperoleh panjang asimtotik (L∞) = 154 cmFL, kecepatan pertumbuhan (K) = 0,75 per tahun dan umur pada saat ditetaskan (t0)= 0,25 tahun. Mortalitas total (Z) adalah 4,37 per tahun dengan mortalitas alami (M) dan mortalitas penangkapan (F) masing-masing 0,97/tahun dan 3,40/tahun. Tingkat eksploitasi (E) ikan lemadang diperkirakan sebesar 1,28. Hal ini berarti tingkat pemanfaatan ikan lemadang di Laut Sulawesi berada pada status telah tereksploitasi tinggi. Mahi-mahi or dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) are oceanic, highly migratory, and geographically exist in tropical and subtropical waters. This research aims to examine size structures and population parameter of mahi-mahi of the Celebes Sea. This research conducted in the Bitung fishing port during February to December 2012. The fisheries data from 2004 to 2014 periods used to examine the annual trend of catch landing. Growth parameters were analyzed based on length based by using modal progression analyses. The exploitation level measured by using FISAT II software. The results showed that the length distribution of fish during sampling periods ranged of 30 cmFL to 121 cmFL. The average length was 59.8 + 1.39 cm, with average weight of 2.1 + 1.52 kg. Length and weight relationship followed equation of W = 0.000003 L3, 2203 (r2 = 0.9335). Population parameters included asymptotic length growth rate (L∞) was 154 cmFL, growth rate (K) = 0.75per year and zero age (t0) was 0.25 years. The total mortality index (Z) was 4.37 per year, natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) were 0.97 per year and 3.40 per year, respectively. The estimated exploitation rate (E) was 1.28 per year, this indicate that the status of mahi-mahi in the area of sampling were at moderate level.

The threshold energy for atom displacement in fcc metals

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-531
Author(s):  
Wilfried Sigle ◽  
Matthias Hohenstein ◽  
Alfred Seeger
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Threshold Energy ◽  
Dislocation Loops ◽  
Absolute Minimum ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Atom Displacement ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Fcc Metal

Prolonged electron irradiation of metals at elevated temperatures usually leads to the formation of large interstitial-type dislocation loops. The growth rate of the loops is proportional to the total cross-section for atom displacement,which is implicitly connected with the threshold energy for atom displacement, Ed . Thus, by measuring the growth rate as a function of the electron energy and the orientation of the specimen with respect to the electron beam, the anisotropy of Ed can be determined rather precisely. We have performed such experiments in situ in high-voltage electron microscopes on Ag and Au at 473K as a function of the orientation and on Au as a function of temperature at several fixed orientations.Whereas in Ag minima of Ed are found close to <100>,<110>, and <210> (13-18eV), (Fig.1) atom displacement in Au requires least energy along <100>(15-19eV) (Fig.2). Au is thus the first fcc metal in which the absolute minimum of the threshold energy has been established not to lie in or close to the <110> direction.

Saturation mechanism and generated viscosity in gravito-turbulent accretion disks

2020 ◽  
Vol 640 ◽  
pp. A53
Author(s):  
L. Löhnert ◽  
S. Krätschmer ◽  
A. G. Peeters
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Accretion Disks ◽  
Gravitational Instability ◽  
Turbulent Viscosity ◽  
Radial Distance ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Radiative Cooling ◽  
Mixing Length

Here, we address the turbulent dynamics of the gravitational instability in accretion disks, retaining both radiative cooling and irradiation. Due to radiative cooling, the disk is unstable for all values of the Toomre parameter, and an accurate estimate of the maximum growth rate is derived analytically. A detailed study of the turbulent spectra shows a rapid decay with an azimuthal wave number stronger than ky−3, whereas the spectrum is more broad in the radial direction and shows a scaling in the range kx−3 to kx−2. The radial component of the radial velocity profile consists of a superposition of shocks of different heights, and is similar to that found in Burgers’ turbulence. Assuming saturation occurs through nonlinear wave steepening leading to shock formation, we developed a mixing-length model in which the typical length scale is related to the average radial distance between shocks. Furthermore, since the numerical simulations show that linear drive is necessary in order to sustain turbulence, we used the growth rate of the most unstable mode to estimate the typical timescale. The mixing-length model that was obtained agrees well with numerical simulations. The model gives an analytic expression for the turbulent viscosity as a function of the Toomre parameter and cooling time. It predicts that relevant values of α = 10−3 can be obtained in disks that have a Toomre parameter as high as Q ≈ 10.

TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF THE CRYSTAL GROWTH RATE IN POLAR GLACIERS

1987 ◽  
Vol 48 (C1) ◽  
pp. C1-661-C1-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. PETIT ◽  
P. DUVAL ◽  
C. LORIUS
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Crystal Growth Rate

Forming Sources of Long-run Growth: How to Understand Them?

2014 ◽  
pp. 4-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Idrisov ◽  
S. Sinelnikov-Murylev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
Capital Markets ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Accelerate Growth ◽  
Budget Institutions

The paper analyzes the inconsequence and problems of Russian economic policy to accelerate economic growth. The authors consider three components of growth rate (potential, Russian business cycle and world business cycle components) and conclude that in order to pursue an effective economic policy to accelerate growth, it has to be addressed to the potential (long-run) growth component. The main ingredients of this policy are government spending restructuring and budget institutions reform, labor and capital markets reforms, productivity growth.

International trade: Research of the reasons for the fall

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Nazarov ◽  
S. S. Lazaryan ◽  
I. V. Nikonov ◽  
A. I. Votinov
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Negative Contribution ◽  
Basic Commodity ◽  
The Impact

The article assesses the impact of various factors on the growth rate of international trade. Many experts interpreted the cross-border flows of goods decline against the backdrop of a growing global economy as an alarming sign that indicates a slowdown in the processes of globalization. To determine the reasons for the dynamics of international trade, the decompositions of its growth rate were carried out and allowed to single out the effect of the dollar exchange rate, the commodities prices and global value chains on the change in the volume of trade. As a result, it was discovered that the most part of the dynamics of international trade is due to fluctuations in the exchange rate of the dollar and prices for basic commodity groups. The negative contribution of trade within global value chains in 2014 was also revealed. During the investigated period (2000—2014), such a picture was observed only in the crisis periods, which may indicate the beginning of structural changes in the world trade.

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