2483-PUB: Glycemic Control with Pramlintide and Insulin Coformulations: Preclinical Evaluation of a Novel Single Injection, Room Temperature Stable Formulation

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2483-PUB
Author(s):  
SANJEEV THOHAN ◽  
WENDY T. HU ◽  
MARTIN J. DONOVAN ◽  
STEVEN J. PRESTRELSKI ◽  
MONICA S. CHOI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Preclinical Evaluation

scholarly journals A Single Injection of a Liver-Directed A20 Gene Therapy Yields Long-Term Glycemic Control in Diabetic Mice to Reduce Vascular Complications

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. e250
Author(s):  
Ravirasmi Jasti ◽  
Alessandra Mele ◽  
Nyah Patel ◽  
Anant A. Shah ◽  
Erin McIntosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
A20 Gene

scholarly journals The Stability of Schick Toxin

1928 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Joe ◽  
J. C. J. McEntee
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Cent Solution ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cold Room ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Considerable Period ◽  
Made In

The stability of the biological reagents used in routine immunological procedures is a matter of practical interest to the public health worker, and an attempt has been made in the following research to estimate the period during which the diluted toxin used in the Schick test for the estimation of susceptibility to diphtheria remains potent. In the early days of Schick testing, although Leete (1920) reported that a diluted toxin retained its potency for as long as 5 weeks, it has hitherto been considered inadvisable to use a toxin at a longer interval than 48 hours after it had been diluted to its proper strength. Glenny, Waddington and Pope (1928) and O'Brien, Okell and Parish (1928) have introduced a new diluent consisting of a solution of a combination of crystal borax 57, boric acid 84 and sodium chloride 99 parts. A 1·5 per cent, solution of this mixture is now used as a diluent and has the effect of sustaining the potency of the diluted toxin over a greater period of time. In our work over 400 persons have been tested with toxins made up according to this formula, a comparison being made in each individual between the reactions elicited by an aged toxin, stored for varying periods at room temperature or in the cold room, with those produced by a fresh toxin. Enough toxin was made up at the beginning of the experiment to last over a considerable period of time, samples being sent to us by post periodically together with batches of freshly diluted toxin. The testing of reagents was carried out immediately on receipt, the lower age groups being selected in any series of individuals as being likely to give the largest number of reactors. The actual testing was performed practically throughout by one of us (J. C. J. McEntee) so as to maintain uniformity of technique. Each pair of toxins was controlled by a single injection of inactivated toxin and the results were scrutinised at the 4th and 10th days, a record of the comparative intensities of the positives being made at the same time. The results are recorded in Table I.

Endotoxin lethality and tryptophan pyrrolase induction in cold-exposed mice

1964 ◽  
Vol 207 (5) ◽  
pp. 1058-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Joe Berry
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Enzyme Synthesis ◽  
Acute Exposure ◽  
Glycogen Depletion ◽  
Exposure To Cold ◽  
Tryptophan Pyrrolase ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Protein Enzyme

Mice singly housed and exposed to 5 C are almost as responsive as animals at 25 C in carrying out glyconeogenesis following a single injection of cortisone. An ld50 of endotoxin lowers liver glycogen about equally in mice housed at each of the two temperatures but the dose for mice at 5 C is 1/100 the dose at 25 C. Cortisone given concurrently with the endotoxin prevents glycogen depletion in mice at 25 C but not in those housed at 5 C, except, possibly, at certain critical doses. Cortisone also fails to induce an increase in liver tryptophan pyrrolase activity in cold-exposed mice, in contrast to those maintained at room temperature, and this failure cannot be ascribed to any alteration in hematin level, the cofactor for the enzyme. These findings are considered as evidence for an impaired capacity for protein (enzyme) synthesis in normothermic animals during acute exposure to cold.

Drift Mobility Measurements Under Single and Double Injection in a-Si:H

1987 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Xu ◽  
G. Winborne ◽  
M. Silver ◽  
V Cannella
Keyword(s):  
Transit Time ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Drift Mobility ◽  
Temperature Drift ◽  
Double Injection ◽  
Step Voltage ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
Charged Defects

AbstractDrift mobility measurements under high level double injection in p/i/n and single injection in M/i/n devices have been made as a function of d.c. voltage and temperature using a small step voltage technique. For comparable ratio's of V/L2 the transit time of injected electrons was of order one decade shorter under double injection than under single injection. The room temperature drift mobility for single injection was approximately 1cm2−1s−1. We attribute the difference in drift transit time to a higher extended state mobility with double injection than with single injection due to the neutralization of charged defects.

scholarly journals VACCINATION AGAINST YELLOW FEVER WITH IMMUNE SERUM AND VIRUS FIXED FOR MICE

1932 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 945-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Sawyer ◽  
S. F. Kitchen ◽  
Wray Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Immune Serum ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Human Immune ◽  
Yellow Fever Vaccination ◽  
Observation Period

1. After preliminary experiments in monkeys, 15 persons were actively immunized by a single injection of a dried mixture of living yellow fever virus, fixed for mice, and human immune serum, with separate injections of enough additional serum to make up the amount required for protection. 2. One person was similarly immunized by injecting immune serum and dried virus separately. 3. By titration of the sera of vaccinated persons in mice, it was shown that the immunity rose in a few weeks to a height comparable to that reached after an attack of yellow fever, and remained there throughout an observation period of 6 months. 4. Yellow fever virus could not be recovered from the blood of vaccinated persons or monkeys, except when the latter had received less than the minimal effective amount of immune serum. 5. Neutralization of yellow fever virus by immune serum took place very slowly in vitro at room temperature in our experiments, and could not have been an appreciable factor in vaccination with the serum virus mixtures. 6. A mixture of fixed virus and immune serum retained its immunizing power for 8 months when dried in the frozen state and sealed in glass. 7. It appears that the immunizing reaction after yellow fever vaccination was a part of a true infectious process, as was also the observed leucopenia.

Dependence of Intergranular Fracture on Boundary Topography and Cohesion

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 150-151
Author(s):  
J. E. Doherty ◽  
A. F. Giamei ◽  
B. H. Kear ◽  
C. W. Steinke
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Nickel Base Superalloy ◽  
Boundary Shear ◽  
Room Temperature Ductility ◽  
Solid Solution Matrix ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Solution Matrix ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Base Superalloy

Recently we have been investigating a class of nickel-base superalloys which possess substantial room temperature ductility. This improvement in ductility is directly related to improvements in grain boundary strength due to increased boundary cohesion through control of detrimental impurities and improved boundary shear strength by controlled grain boundary micros true tures.For these investigations an experimental nickel-base superalloy was doped with different levels of sulphur impurity. The micros tructure after a heat treatment of 1360°C for 2 hr, 1200°C for 16 hr consists of coherent precipitates of γ’ Ni3(Al,X) in a nickel solid solution matrix.

Hepatocyte Alterations in Guinea Pigs FED Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), Dibenzodioxins (PCDD), AND DIBENZOFURANS (PCDF)

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 56-57
Author(s):  
J. N. Turner ◽  
D. N. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cooling Fluid

A fire involving an electric service transformer and its cooling fluid, a mixture of PCBs and chlorinated benzenes, contaminated an office building with a fine soot. Chemical analysis showed PCDDs and PCDFs including the highly toxic tetra isomers. Guinea pigs were chosen as an experimental animal to test the soot's toxicity because of their sensitivity to these compounds, and the liver was examined because it is a target organ. The soot was suspended in 0.75% methyl cellulose and administered in a single dose by gavage at levels of 1,10,100, and 500mgm soot/kgm body weight. Each dose group was composed of 6 males and 6 females. Control groups included 12 (6 male, 6 female) animals fed activated carbon in methyl cellulose, 6 males fed methyl cellulose, and 16 males and 10 females untreated. The guinea pigs were sacrificed at 42 days by suffocation in CO2. Liver samples were immediately immersed and minced in 2% gluteraldehyde in cacadylate buffer at pH 7.4 and 4°C. After overnight fixation, samples were postfixed in 1% OsO4 in cacodylate for 1 hr at room temperature, embedded in epon, sectioned and stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.

Domain Formation in Synthetic Quartz

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Comer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Domain Formation ◽  
Synthetic Quartz ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Black Spots ◽  
Diffraction Mode ◽  
Domain Boundaries ◽  
Kikuchi Lines ◽  
Straight Lines

Domains visible by transmission electron microscopy, believed to be Dauphiné inversion twins, were found in some specimens of synthetic quartz heated to 680°C and cooled to room temperature. With the electron beam close to parallel to the [0001] direction the domain boundaries appeared as straight lines normal to <100> and <410> or <510> directions. In the selected area diffraction mode, a shift of the Kikuchi lines was observed when the electron beam was made to traverse the specimen across a boundary. This shift indicates a change in orientation which accounts for the visibility of the domain by diffraction contrast when the specimen is tilted. Upon exposure to a 100 KV electron beam with a flux of 5x 1018 electrons/cm2sec the boundaries are rapidly decorated by radiation damage centers appearing as black spots. Similar crystallographio boundaries were sometimes found in unannealed (0001) quartz damaged by electrons.

A Liquid Nitrogen Cooled Stage for STEM

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 444-445
Author(s):  
Louis T. Germinario
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Thermal Drift ◽  
Specimen Holder ◽  
Resolution Capability ◽  
Focal Position

A liquid nitrogen stage has been developed for the JEOL JEM-100B electron microscope equipped with a scanning attachment. The design is a modification of the standard JEM-100B SEM specimen holder with specimen cooling to any temperatures In the range ~ 55°K to room temperature. Since the specimen plane is maintained at the ‘high resolution’ focal position of the objective lens and ‘bumping’ and thermal drift la minimized by supercooling the liquid nitrogen, the high resolution capability of the microscope is maintained (Fig.4).

The Fine Structure of Rat Granulosa Cell Cultures Correlated with Progestin Secretion

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 552-553
Author(s):  
T. M. Crisp ◽  
F.R. Denys
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Vaginal Smear ◽  
Immature Female ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin

The purpose of this paper is to present observations on the fine structure of rat granulosa cell cultures grown in the presence of an adenohypophyseal explant and to correlate the morphology of these cells with progestin secretion. Twenty-six day old immature female rats were given a single injection of 5 IU pregnant mares serum gonadotropin (PMS) in order to obtain ovaries with large vesicular follicles. At 66 hrs. post-PMS administration (estrus indicated by vaginal smear cytology), the ovaries were removed and placed in a petri dish containing medium 199 and 100 U penicillin/streptomycin (P/S)/ml. Under a 20X magnification dissecting microscope, some 5-8 vesicular follicles/ovary were punctured and the granulosa cells were expressed into the surrounding medium. The cells were transferred to centrifuge tubes and spun down at 1000 rpm for 5 mins.

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