Association of Psychobehavioral Variables With HOMA-IR and BMI Differs for Men and Women With Prediabetes in the PREVIEW Lifestyle Intervention

Objective: Stress, sleep, eating behavior and physical activity are associated with weight change and insulin resistance. The aim of the analysis was the assessment of the overall and sex specific association of psychobehavioral variables throughout the 3-y PREVIEW intervention using the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), BMI, and length of time in the study. Methods: Associations of psychobehavioral variables, including stress, mood, eating behavior physical activity (PA), and sleep with BMI, HOMA-IR and time spent in study were assessed in 2184 participants with pre-diabetes and overweight/ obesity (n=706 men; n=1478 women) during a 3-year lifestyle intervention utilizing linear mixed modelling and general linear modelling.The study was a randomized multicenter trial using a 2x2 diet-by- PA design. Results: Overall, cognitive restraint and PA increased during the intervention compared to baseline, while BMI, HOMA-IR, disinhibition, hunger and sleepiness decreased (all p<0.05). Cognitive restraint and PA were negatively, while disinhibition, hunger, stress, total mood-disturbance were positively associated with both BMI and HOMA-IR. Sleep-duration, low sleep quality, total mood-disturbance, disinhibition and hunger scores were positively associated with HOMA-IR for men only. Drop-outs at 6 months had higher stress and total mood-disturbance scores at baseline and throughout their time spent in the study compared to study completers. Conclusion: Eating behavior and PA, control of stress, mood-disturbance and sleep characteristics were associated with BMI, HOMA-IR and time spent in study with different effects in men and women during the PREVIEW-lifestyle intervention-study.

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Association of Psychobehavioral Variables With HOMA-IR and BMI Differs for Men and Women With Prediabetes in the PREVIEW Lifestyle Intervention

10.2337/figshare.14473782 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tanja C. Adam ◽

Mathijs Drummen ◽

Ian Macdonald ◽

Elli Jalo ◽

Pia Siig-Vestentoft ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Lifestyle Intervention ◽

Eating Behavior ◽

Multicenter Trial ◽

Mood Disturbance ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Men And Women ◽

Cognitive Restraint ◽

Total Mood Disturbance

Objective: Stress, sleep, eating behavior and physical activity are associated with weight change and insulin resistance. The aim of the analysis was the assessment of the overall and sex specific association of psychobehavioral variables throughout the 3-y PREVIEW intervention using the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), BMI, and length of time in the study. Methods: Associations of psychobehavioral variables, including stress, mood, eating behavior physical activity (PA), and sleep with BMI, HOMA-IR and time spent in study were assessed in 2184 participants with pre-diabetes and overweight/ obesity (n=706 men; n=1478 women) during a 3-year lifestyle intervention utilizing linear mixed modelling and general linear modelling.The study was a randomized multicenter trial using a 2x2 diet-by- PA design. Results: Overall, cognitive restraint and PA increased during the intervention compared to baseline, while BMI, HOMA-IR, disinhibition, hunger and sleepiness decreased (all p<0.05). Cognitive restraint and PA were negatively, while disinhibition, hunger, stress, total mood-disturbance were positively associated with both BMI and HOMA-IR. Sleep-duration, low sleep quality, total mood-disturbance, disinhibition and hunger scores were positively associated with HOMA-IR for men only. Drop-outs at 6 months had higher stress and total mood-disturbance scores at baseline and throughout their time spent in the study compared to study completers. Conclusion: Eating behavior and PA, control of stress, mood-disturbance and sleep characteristics were associated with BMI, HOMA-IR and time spent in study with different effects in men and women during the PREVIEW-lifestyle intervention-study.

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The Prevalence of Insulin Resistance and the Associated Risk Factors in a Sample of 14–18-Year-Old Slovak Adolescents

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18030909 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 909

Author(s):

Jana Jurkovičová ◽

Katarína Hirošová ◽

Diana Vondrová ◽

Martin Samohýl ◽

Zuzana Štefániková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Skewed Distribution ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽

Lifestyle Risk

The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors has increased in Slovakian adolescents as a result of serious lifestyle changes. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) and the associations with cardiometabolic and selected lifestyle risk factors in a sample of Slovak adolescents. In total, 2629 adolescents (45.8% males) aged between 14 and 18 years were examined in the study. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure (BP), and resting heart rate were measured; fasting venous blood samples were analyzed; and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-insulin resistance (IR) was calculated. For statistical data processing, the methods of descriptive and analytical statistics for normal and skewed distribution of variables were used. The mean HOMA-IR was 2.45 ± 1.91, without a significant sex differences. IR (cut-off point for HOMA-IR = 3.16) was detected in 18.6% of adolescents (19.8% males, 17.6% females). IR was strongly associated with overweight/obesity (especially central) and with almost all monitored cardiometabolic factors, except for total cholesterol (TC) and systolic BP in females. The multivariate model selected variables such as low level of physical fitness, insufficient physical activity, breakfast skipping, a small number of daily meals, frequent consumption of sweetened beverages, and low educational level of fathers as significant risk factors of IR in adolescents. Recognizing the main lifestyle risk factors and early IR identification is important in terms of the performance of preventive strategies. Weight reduction, regular physical activity, and healthy eating habits can improve insulin sensitivity and decrease the incidence of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

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Is Active Lifestyle Related to Autonomic Nervous System Function and Lipid Profile in People with Overweight? A Study Pilot

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13052439 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 2439

Author(s):

Alexis Espinoza-Salinas ◽

Edgardo Molina-Sotomayor ◽

Johnattan Cano-Montoya ◽

Jose Antonio Gonzalez-Jurado

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Nervous System ◽

Autonomic Nervous System ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Model Assessment ◽

System Function ◽

Autonomic Nervous System Function ◽

Autonomic Nervous ◽

Nervous System Function

Autonomic nervous system function is an important predictor of physical fitness. The objective of this study was to find out the associations of autonomic activity parameters, lipid profile, insulin concentrations, and insulin resistance in overweight men with the level of physical activity. A descriptive and correlational study was carried out in 28 overweight men: 14 physically active (PA) and 14 physically inactive (PI). The following variables were assessed: Level of physical activity, HRV (heart rate variability), basal insulin, HOMA-IR index (Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin-Resistance), and lipid profile. The main results show a positive correlation between the spectral parameters of the HRV and total cholesterol (r = 0.24), LDL (r = 0.59), VLDL (r = 0.86), and insulin (r = 0.88) of sedentary people, evidencing a directly proportional correlation with BMI. We conclude that weight gain and a sedentary lifestyle are associated with an increase in sympathetic discharge, which, in turn, is associated with an increase in lipid profile and insulin levels.

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Physical Activity, Measures of Obesity, and Cardiometabolic Risk: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2012-0068a ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 831-837 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Paul A. McAuley ◽

Haiying Chen ◽

Duck-chul Lee ◽

Enrique Garcia Artero ◽

David A. Bluemke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Reference Group ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Ethnic Study

Background:The influence of higher physical activity on the relationship between adiposity and cardiometabolic risk is not completely understood.Methods:Between 2000–2002, data were collected on 6795 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) participants. Self-reported intentional physical activity in the lowest quartile (0–105 MET-minutes/week) was categorized as inactive and the upper three quartiles (123–37,260 MET-minutes/week) as active. Associations of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference categories, stratified by physical activity status (inactive or active) with cardiometabolic risk factors (dyslipidemia, hypertension, upper quartile of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR] for population, and impaired fasting glucose or diabetes) were assessed using logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and current smoking.Results:Among obese participants, those who were physically active had reduced odds of insulin resistance (47% lower; P < .001) and impaired fasting glucose/diabetes (23% lower; P = .04). These associations were weaker for central obesity. However, among participants with a normal waist circumference, those who were inactive were 63% more likely to have insulin resistance (OR [95% CI] 1.63 [1.24–2.15]) compared with the active reference group.Conclusions:Physical activity was inversely related to the cardiometabolic risk associated with obesity and central obesity.

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Prevalence of prediabetes and modifiable factors in an ethnic group of Mexico: the Comcáac Project

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980017002658 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 333-338 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Monica Daniela Robles-Ordaz ◽

Ana Cristina Gallegos-Aguilar ◽

Rene Urquidez-Romero ◽

Rolando Giovanni Diaz-Zavala ◽

Marcos Gerardo Lavandera-Torres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Modifiable Factors

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of and modifiable factors associated with prediabetes in the Comcáac Indians.DesignCross-sectional study where prediabetes was defined using fasting plasma glucose, 2 h plasma glucose and glycated Hb (HbA1c). Physical, anthropometric and biochemical measurements, medical record, socio-economic, dietary and physical activity information were collected. The modifiable factors associated with prediabetes were assessed using multiple logistic regression.SettingsComcáac Indian communities of Punta Chueca and El Desemboque, Sonora, Mexico.SubjectsAdults (n227) aged 20 years or older.ResultsThe sex- and age-adjusted prevalence (95 % CI) of prediabetes was 47·1 (40·8, 53·5) % in the overall population; age-adjusted prevalence was 47·3 (35·6, 59·0) % in men and 46·7 (39·1, 54·3) % in women. The modifiable factors associated with a risk of prediabetes (OR; 95 % CI) were light-intensity physical activity (per 1 h/week increase: 1·04; 1·01, 1·07) and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance score >6·1v. <4·1: 4·62; 1·37, 15·51). Increased consumption of a traditional dietary pattern based on fish and seafood, low-fat cereals, fruits and vegetables was a protective factor (0·49; 0·31, 0·79). All variables were modelled together and adjusted for age and sex.ConclusionsThe high prediabetes prevalence found in the Comcáac community is alarming because it represents a large number of people who are at risk for type 2 diabetes. The identification of modifiable factors associated with prediabetes that are specific to this population may be useful for designing effective strategies to prevent prediabetes.

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Legume consumption and its association with fasting glucose, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in the Indian Migration Study

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980016001233 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (16) ◽

pp. 3017-3026 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Preet K Dhillon ◽

Liza Bowen ◽

Sanjay Kinra ◽

Ankalmadugu Venkatsubbareddy Bharathi ◽

Sutapa Agrawal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Large Scale ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Migration Status

AbstractObjectiveLegume consumption is associated with lower fasting glucose (FG) and insulin levels in nutrition trials and lower CVD mortality in large-scale epidemiological studies. In India, legumes are widely consumed in various preparations, yet no epidemiological study has evaluated the association of legumes with FG levels, insulin resistance and diabetes risk. The present study aimed to fill this gap.DesignFasting blood samples, in-person interviews to obtain information on demographic/socio-economic factors, physical activity, alcohol and tobacco use, and anthropometric measurements were collected. Dietary intakes were assessed by an interviewer-administered, validated, semi-quantitative FFQ.SettingLucknow, Nagpur, Hyderabad and Bangalore, India.SubjectsMen and women (n 6367) aged 15–76 years – urban residents, urban migrants and their rural siblings.ResultsIn multivariate random-effects models adjusted for age, BMI, total energy intake, macronutrients, physical activity and rural/migration status, daily legume consumption was not associated with FG (P-for-trend=0·78), insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment score; P-for-trend=0·73) or the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (P-for-trend=0·41). Stratified analyses by vegetarian diet and migration status did not change the findings. Inverse associations between legumes and FG emerged for participants with lower BMI and higher carbohydrate, protein, fat and sugar intakes.ConclusionsAlthough legumes are essential in traditional Indian diets, as well as in prudent and Mediterranean diets in the West, we did not find an association between legumes and markers of glycaemic control, insulin resistance or diabetes, except for subgroups based on BMI and macronutrient intake. The ubiquitous presence and complexity of legume preparations in Indian diets may contribute to these findings.

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Variability in HOMA-IR, Lipoprotein Profile and Selected Hormones in Young Active Men

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2013/412764 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anna Keska ◽

Grazyna Lutoslawska ◽

Anna Czajkowska ◽

Joanna Tkaczyk ◽

Krzysztof Mazurek

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Metabolic Disturbances ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Normal Body Weight ◽

Resistance To Insulin ◽

Homeostatic Model

Resistance to insulin actions is contributing to many metabolic disturbances. Such factors as age, sex, nutrition, body fat, and physical activity determine body insulin resistance. Present study attempted to asses insulin resistance and its metabolic effects with respect to energy intake in young, lean, and active men. A total of 87 men aged 18–23 participated in the study. Plasma levels of glucose, insulin, lipoproteins, cortisol, and TSH were determined. Insulin resistance was expressed as Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and calculated using homeostatic model. The median value of HOMA-IR (1.344) was used to divide subjects into two groups. Men did not differ in anthropometric parameters, daily physical activity, and plasma TSH and cortisol levels. However, in men with higher HOMA-IR significantly lower daily energy intake was observed concomitantly with higher TG, TC, and HDL-C concentrations in plasma versus their counterparts with lower HOMA-IR. Exclusively in subjects with higher HOMA-IR significant and positive correlation was noted between HOMA-IR and TC and LDL-C. We concluded that despite a normal body weight and physical activity, a subset of young men displayed unfavorable changes in insulin sensitivity and lipid profile, probably due to insufficient energy intake.

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Influence of Insulin Resistance on the Association Between Physical Activity and Heart Rate Variability: The Toon Health Study

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2020-0110 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (11) ◽

pp. 1075-1082

Author(s):

Isao Saito ◽

Koutatsu Maruyama ◽

Tadahiro Kato ◽

Yasunori Takata ◽

Kiyohide Tomooka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Frequency Standard ◽

Population Based ◽

Health Study ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Partial Regression Coefficient ◽

Validated Questionnaire

Background: Autonomic activity is possibly influenced by physical activity (PA). However, it remains unclear whether this association is modified by insulin resistance. Methods: This population-based study between 2009 and 2012 included 2016 men and women aged 30–79 years. The PA was assessed using a validated questionnaire based on sleep, occupation, transportation, household characteristics, and leisure-time PA. Heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) in the sitting position were determined from 5-minute recordings of pulse waves detected by a fingertip sensor. The HRV was calculated as frequency (standard deviation of normal-to-normal [NN] intervals [SDNN]), root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), and percentage differences between normal NN intervals >50 milliseconds [pNN50]) and time domains. Insulin resistance was evaluated using the homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA-IR). Results: HR, RMSSD, and pNN50 were related to the total and moderate/vigorous PA tertiles in models that included HOMA-IR. The partial regression coefficient of total PA per 1-SD increase was .05 (P = .019) for log-transformed RMSSD and 1.86 (P = .001) for pNN50. No interactive associations were observed between PA and HOMA-IR. Conclusions: Low total PA was associated with increased HR and low levels of RMSSD and pNN50, reflecting parasympathetic modulation that was not modified by insulin resistance.

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