scholarly journals Theory and Methodology in International Comparative Classroom Studies

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Special Needs Education ◽  
Inclusive School ◽  
Classroom Studies ◽  
International Comparative

This anthology is addressed to researchers, students and professionals within education and special needs education as well as related fields such as psychology, health sciences and other fields within the social sciences and humanities. Part One contains two articles; one is an introduction to the anthology, while the other gives the reader insight into the history of educational ideas from the beginning of elementary education “for all and everyone” in 1739 to current efforts being made to implement the principles of the inclusive school. Part Two contains seven articles that mainly provide perspectives from cultural-historical and didactic-curricular theories, focusing on certain aspects of practice such as communication and care as well as teaching, learning and development. Why does it take such a long time to realise the principle of inclusion? Amongst the many and legitimate assumptions, there is an increasing awareness of ethical issues. Part Three addresses these issues by paying specific attention to Bulgarian-French scholar Julia Kristeva’s social critique and her introduction of an ethical-political programme where our shared human sense of vulnerability is at the centre of civic solidarity and inclusion. Part Four is devoted to methodological considerations and choices. Small-scale research projects are in focus, particularly classroom studies related to international comparative analysis. Various qualitative approaches are investigated, including case studies and “mixed methods”. Action research has in particular attracted interest from classroom researchers and is therefore outlined and discussed in several articles. This is the second of three anthologies related to the international comparative research cooperation project WB 04/06: Development towards the Inclusive School: Practices – Research – Capacity Building.

scholarly journals Research Project Preparation within Education and Special Needs Education: Introduction to Theory of Science, Project Planning and Research Plans

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Programs ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Theory Of Science ◽  
School Practices ◽  
Current State ◽  
Special Needs Education ◽  
International Comparative Research ◽  
Inclusive School ◽  
International Comparative

Careful planning is a key to quality research. This anthology is addressed to anyone who is in the planning phase of a major study – individually or in national or international cooperation. The examples discussed concern critical analysis of individually tailored inclusive practices in the community of the class, with a critical view of their successes, shortcomings and obstacles. The book is divided into four parts: Part One contains a discussion of the international concept of the inclusive school and articles on theory of science. Part Two contains historical and empirical discussions of the emergence, development and current state of doctoral programs. Part Three describes development of research plans, while Part Four consists of research plans in a joint international comparative classroom studies project towards inclusion. This is the first of three anthologies related to the international comparative research cooperation project WB 04/06: Development towards the Inclusive School: Practices – Research – Capacity Building.

scholarly journals International Classroom Studies of Inclusive Practises: Comparing Teaching-Learning Processes

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Research Capacity Building ◽  
Research Cooperation ◽  
School Practices ◽  
International Comparative Research ◽  
Inclusive School ◽  
International Comparative ◽  
Teaching Learning

This anthology is addressed to anyone searching for examples of individually tailored inclusive practices in the community of the class, with a critical view of their successes, shortcomings and obstacles. The book is divided into three parts: Part One contains articles that outline important aspects of the research cooperation. Part Two presents individual summaries of findings from each of the seven studies. Part Three consists of the joint comparative research report. This is the third and final anthology related to the international comparative research cooperation project WB 04/06: Development towards the Inclusive School: Practices – Research – Capacity Building.

Sports Journalism: Self-Censorship, Ethics and Lived Experience in the Digital Era.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tom Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Homogeneous Sample ◽  
Sports Journalism ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Qualitative Approaches

This thesis examines the major ethical issues experienced by UK sports journalists in the course of their practice in the modern digital media landscape, with a particular focus on selfcensorship. In tandem, it captures the lived professional experience of sports journalists in the digital era. My own professional experience is considered alongside the experiences of interviewees and diary-keepers. Initially, an exploratory case study of the work of investigative journalist David Walsh is used to highlight key ethical issues affecting sports journalism. A Kantian deontological theoretical perspective is articulated and developed. Qualitative approaches, specifically Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis and autoethnography, are then used to provide an original analysis of the research objectives, enhanced by philosophical analysis. Ten in-depth, semi-structured interviews are conducted with a homogeneous sample of UK sports journalists, while diaries kept by three different journalists provide another seam of data. Reflective logs of my own work as a sports journalist provide the basis for autoethnographic data. The main log runs for two-and-half years (2016- 19) with a separate additional log covering the 2019 Rugby World Cup in Japan. The semistructured interviews, diaries, autoethnography and case study are synthesized. The thesis explores how social media has introduced a host of ethical issues for sports journalists, not least the handling of abuse directed at them. Social media emerges as a double-edged sword. One of its most positive functions is to raise the standard of some journalists’ output due to the greater scrutiny that reporters feel they are under in the digital era, but at its worst it can be a platform for grotesque distortion and for corrupting sports journalists’ decision-making processes. Self-censorship of both facts and opinions emerges as a pervasive factor in sports journalism, a phenomenon that has been intensified by the advent of social media. Sports journalists show low engagement with codes of conduct, with the research suggesting that participants are on occasion more readily influenced by self-policing dynamics. This project captures vividly sports journalists’ personal involvement and emotional investment in their work, and reconsiders the ‘toy department’-versus-watchdog classification of sports journalists. The thesis concludes with recommendations for industry, including the introduction of formal support for sports journalists affected by online abuse.

scholarly journals Asilomar moments: formative framings in recombinant DNA and solar climate engineering research

2014 ◽  
Vol 372 (2031) ◽  
pp. 20140064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Schäfer ◽  
Sean Low
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Climate Engineering ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Technical Risks ◽  
External Governance

We examine the claim that in governance for solar climate engineering research, and especially field tests, there is no need for external governance beyond existing mechanisms such as peer review and environmental impact assessments that aim to assess technically defined risks to the physical environment. By drawing on the historical debate on recombinant DNA research, we show that defining risks is not a technical question but a complex process of narrative formation. Governance emerges from within, and as a response to, narratives of what is at stake in a debate. In applying this finding to the case of climate engineering, we find that the emerging narrative differs starkly from the narrative that gave meaning to rDNA technology during its formative period, with important implications for governance. While the narrative of rDNA technology was closed down to narrowly focus on technical risks, that of climate engineering continues to open up and includes social, political and ethical issues. This suggests that, in order to be legitimate, governance must take into account this broad perception of what constitutes the relevant issues and risks of climate engineering, requiring governance that goes beyond existing mechanisms that focus on technical risks. Even small-scale field tests with negligible impacts on the physical environment warrant additional governance as they raise broader concerns that go beyond the immediate impacts of individual experiments.

scholarly journals Reliability Analysis of Self-Efficacy in Dealing with Legal and Ethical Issues

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Neerushah Subarimaniam ◽  
Noor Syamilah Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
University Setting ◽  
Acceptable Internal Consistency ◽  
Legal And Ethical Issues

The aim of this preliminary study is to disseminate the reliability of Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale (ELICSES). ELICSES consists of 23 items and it is used to measure trainee counselors’ self-efficacy in dealing with legal and ethical issues. We performed a small-scale study to assess the degree of reliability in a university setting. The findings revealed acceptable internal consistency reliability of the full scale and three subscales. Hence, the scale is an ideal instrument to measure trainee counselors’ self-efficacy in dealing with legal and ethical issues. However, we suggest the future researchers work on test-retest reliability and examine ELICSES across cultures involving multination.

scholarly journals ANÁLISE SOCIOECONÔMICA E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS SISTEMAS PESQUEIROS DA COMUNIDADE DE IGUAÍBA, MARANHÃO

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yago Bruno Silveira Nunes ◽  
Thalline Santos Diniz ◽  
Marina Bezerra Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Small Scale Fisheries ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
The People

Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar e caracterizar os aspectos socioeconômicos dos pescadores artesanais e a atividade pesqueira da comunidade de Iguaíba, localizada no município de Paço do Lumiar, Maranhão. A identificação de campo foi realizada por meio de visitas in loco. A principal técnica de coleta de dados foi a realização de entrevista semiestruturadas, contendo questões abertas e fechadas. Constatou-se que cerca de 95% dos pescadores entrevistados possuem o ensino fundamental incompleto. As pescarias são divididas entre o dono do barco e os pescadores, ou seja, 50% para o dono do barco e os outros 50% é dividido pelos outros pescadores. A comunidade pesqueira da Iguaíba é composta por pessoas que não dependem somente da pesca, mas sim de outras atividades produtivas, como: agricultura e manutenção de embarcações. Foram identificados oito sistemas de produção pesqueira na comunidade, sendo eles pedra, tainheira, malhão, manjuba, tarrafa, corvina, bandeirado e gozeira, em que a falta de investimentos acarreta na pouca autonomia das embarcações, nas condições de armazenamento dos organismos e na manutenção dos petrechos de pesca. A situação financeira das pessoas da região se caracteriza como relativamente baixa, já que dependem exclusivamente da pesca artesanal, da agricultura e de outras atividades lucrativas.SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE FISHING SYSTEMS OF THE COMMUNITY OF IGUAÍBA, MARANHÃOABSTRACTThis work aimed to identify and characterize the socioeconomic aspects of artisanal fishermen and the fishery in the community of Iguaíba, located in the county of Paço do Lumiar, in the state of Maranhão. Field identification was carried out through on-site visits, as well as direct observations. The maindata collection technique was semi-structured interview, containing open and closed questions. It was found that about 95% of the fishermen interviewed had incomplete elementary education. The fisheries are divided between the owner of the boat and the fishermen, with 50% for the owner of the boat and the other 50% divided by the other fishermen. The fishing community of Iguaíba iscomposed of people who do not depend only on fishing, but on other productive activities, such as agriculture and boat maintenance. Eight fishery production systems were identified in the community, such as stone, tainheira, malhão, manjuba, tarrafa, corvina, bandeirado and gozeira, in which lack of investment implies little vessel autonomy, storage conditions of organisms and maintenance of fishing gear. The financial situation of the people in the region is characterized as relatively low, as they depend exclusively on small-scale fisheries, agriculture and other earning activities.Keywords: Artisanal fisheries; Socioeconomic profile; Fishing activity.

scholarly journals Debates in Teaching Bioethics

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Kedraka ◽  
Yiannis Kourkoutas
Keyword(s):  
Transformative Learning ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Free Association ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Active Teaching

In this small scale study in higher education, a good educational practice on the teaching of Bioethics based ontransformative learning and accomplished by debates is presented. The research was carried out in June 2016 at theDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece and it includes theassessment of the debating experience by the students participating in the course. The research followed thequalitative method and data was collected by free association through a single question posed to students, askingthem to critically reflect on their debating experience. Content analysis was used for analyzing their responses.Debates seem to be a good practice for teaching Bioethics, since it leads to transformative learning for the futurescientists, as it is highlighted by the students’ views. They strongly state that they were highly interested andmotivated by their participation in debates, an active teaching method that promotes the development of criticalthinking, questioning, processing and presentation of scientific data, as well as the improvement of communicationand cooperation skills. The most significant finding, though, was the critical reflection that young students reachedregarding the subtle, difficult ethical issues of Biosciences.

Effects of Software on Gifted Students Achievement and Activities in Elementary Education

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-93
Author(s):  
Ali Sharaf Al-Musawi ◽  
Sahar Ahmed El Shourbagi ◽  
Balqees Khalfan Al Saddi
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Gifted Students ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Instructional Software

This chapter aims to compare the ways that teachers in both countries, Oman and Canada, respond to the needs of gifted students and deal with them in elementary schools, with a focus on the use of instructional software and their impacts on gifted students' achievement and activities. It reviews the literature in this field, explains and analyzes the collected data and findings of a small-scale study conducted with teachers of gifted students in the two countries. The chapter then presents the schoolteachers' perceptions about the impacts of instructional software on gifted students. Conclusions are drawn and future prospectives are pointed out.

Small is beautiful – or is it? The challenges of integrating human rights principles into sector policies favourable to artisanal fisheries and mining

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia E. Nauen
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Sustainable Living ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Small Scale Fisheries ◽  
Artisanal Miners

<p class="western"><span>Raising awareness about opportunities for transdisciplinary work and ethical grounding to meet the global challenges to the professions is paramount. Issues of justice and living within the planetary boundaries become also more prominent in the life, social sciences and humanities questioning disciplinary silos. Institutionalising alternatives that create and sustain broader knowledge ecologies for sustainable living is yet to be systematically enabled through new learning and educational pathways. We argue, that there are considerable mutual learning opportunities between artisanal, small-scale mining and small-scale fisheries. </span></p> <p class="western"><span>The global employment in the artisanal gold mining sector is estimated at some 10 to 15 million people, of whom 4.5 million are women and 0.6 million children. Some 40 million people are estimated along value chains in the artisanal fishing of whom 50% are estimated to be women. In both sectors informality is high, production very incompletely recorded and relations with governments and local administrations tend to be difficult as perceptions about the negative sides of the artisanal operations are pervasive in a policy context modelled on industrial exploitation and value chains. Where attempts have been made to quantify production and role in employment, food security or even in contribution to GDP and international trade, the numbers almost always justify policy change in favour of the small-scale sectors. In the face of disruptive technologies liable to make many industrial jobs redundant, opportunities for a new brand of artisanal operators in higher value added segments would be possible with suitable investment in people and institutions. This could go well beyond the poverty discourse into which artisanal miners and fishers are often confined, a notion vigorously rejected by many fishers e.g. in West Africa. </span></p> <p class="western"><span>The 2018 “Mosi-oa-Tunya Declaration on Artisanal and Small-scale Mining, Quarrying and Development” and the “Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the context of food security and poverty eradication” with its grounding in human rights and adopted in 2014 by the FAO Committee of Fisheries are starting points for demarginalising artisanal operators. The small-scale fisheries academy (SSF academy) in Senegal offer an example of how this could be enabled. Some 600,000 people are estimated to work along artisanal value chains in the country. </span></p> <p class="western"><span>The SSF academy explores the possibilities to use bottom-up training of trainer approaches to empower individuals (men and women) and communities to improve their livelihoods. Inclusive, participatory methods of active learning based on “Gender Actions Learninig System” (GALS) are being tested to enable experiencing positive local change in relation to global policy goals like the SSF Guidelines in the context of Agenda 2030. The SSF academy offers a safe space where diverse actors can meet, confront their different knowledges and experiences and develop social and technological innovations. Wider sharing builds capabilities and practice of advocacy and collective action thus also paving the way for forms of more participatory governance. Demonstrating feasibility may entice policy reform that would benefit from long-term societal views to counter wide-spread short-termism, for fishers and miners. </span></p>

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