scholarly journals Skrining dan Karakterisasi Parsial Senyawa Antifungi dari Actinomycetes Asal Limbah Padat Sagu Terdekomposisi

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-255
Author(s):  
Alimuddin Ali
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Antifungal Agent ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Structure Modification ◽  
Streptomyces Spp ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Active Substances

Actinomycetes are one of the most attractive sources of antibiotics and other biologically active substances of high commercial value. Actinomycetes have proved to be capable of biosynthesizing secondary metabolites bearing conspicuous structural diversity, which could be further enlarged by structure modification. The objective of this work was to isolate and characterize of actinomycetes were responsibility to biosynthesis of a compound as antifungal agent and parsial identifying of these substances based on TLCbioautography. The study was done by some steps activities i.e: Isolation of actinomycete, antifungal assay, extraction and examination of MIC and TLC-bioautography using fungal test.The result of these research revealed that a genera Streptomyces spp has majority of actinomycetes was obtained from sources of microbia (decompozing sagoo solid waste). Isolate AS0827 has two a different spots which as antifungal activity based on Rf values. MIC of antifungal subtances was obtained from the actinomycetes about 200 µg/mL.The genera was shown highest of inhibition zone from of all the genera was named isolate AS0827.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of Mentha piperita and Carum carvi essential oils

2017 ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Plavsic ◽  
Gordana Dimic ◽  
Djordje Psodorov ◽  
Dragan Psodorov ◽  
Ljubisa Saric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Penicillium Aurantiogriseum

Aromatic plants are one of the most important sources of biologically active secondary metabolites, which possess various antimicrobial characteristics. The aim of this work was to examine the effect of antifungal activities of mint and caraway essential oils against the selected fungi. Eight species of molds were selected for antifungal testing: Alternaria alternata, Aspegillus flavus, A. niger, A. versicolor, Eurotium herbariorum, Penicillium aurantiogriseum, P. chrysogenum and P. expansum. Testing of essential oils antifungal activity against the selected species was conducted using the disc diffusion method by adding mint and caraway essential oils (0.5, 1, 5, and 10 ?l per disc). Antifungal activity of essential oils was expressed by the diameter of inhibition zone (mm). The most powerful effect of mint essential oil was recorded against E. herbariorum, as its growth was completely inhibited by the quantity of 5 ?l. The weakest inhibitory effect was observed against P. chrysogenum (inhibition zone 13.67 mm) by the quantity of 10 ?l. The most powerful antifungal activity of caraway was observed against E. herbariorum as growth was completely inhibited by the quantity of 10 ?l. The weakest inhibitory effect was observed against A. niger (inhibition zone 28 mm) by the quantity of 10 ?l.

Pigments of Australasian Dermocybe Toadstools

1995 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Gill
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Fungal Flora ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Active Substances

A number of new secondary metabolites, mostly pigments, which have been isolated from indigenous Australasian toadstools belonging to the genus Dermocybe, are described and discussed from structural, stereochemical and biosynthetic points of view. The potential for the discovery of new biologically active substances in the native fungal flora is demonstrated and a plea for greater taxonomic involvement is expressed.

A new functional food ingredient enriched by Phytoecdisteroids and Polyphenols from quinoa grains (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 4321-4328
Author(s):  
Zorin S.N. ◽  
Sidorova Yu. S. ◽  
Petrov N.A. ◽  
Perova I.B. ◽  
Malinkin A.D. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Detector ◽  
Active Substances

Objective: Quinoa grains (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) contain a large number of secondary metabolites. Phytoecdysteroids and polyphenols, secondary metabolites, are of great interest for research today. The aim of the study is a method development for the extraction of biologically active substances (BAS) from quinoa grains to obtain a functional food ingredient (FFI) enriched with phytoecdysteroids and polyphenols. Materials and methods: The content of phytoecdysteroids at each stage of quinoa extract production was determined by two methods: HPLC with a spectrophotometric detector and HPLC with a mass spectrometer. The content of total polyphenols was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The flavonoid profile was determined using a liquid chromatography system with a diode array spectrophotometric detector and a triple quadrupole mass spectrometric detector. Results: The chosen technological scheme for the production of FFI can concentrate more than 200 times the major phytoecdysteroid 20-hydroxyecdysone major in quinoa in the final product relative to the raw material. The maximum yield of flavonoids in the final product was observed in cases of 20 and 40% ethanol extraction. Conclusion: These results lead to the conclusion that highly enriched sources of BAS can be obtained using fairly simple technological approaches and commercially available reagents from quinoa grains.

scholarly journals Structures and Properties of Naturally Occurring Polyether Antibiotics

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Rutkowski ◽  
Bogumil Brzezinski
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cell Cytotoxicity ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Streptomyces Spp ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Structures And Properties ◽  
Active Substances

Polyether ionophores represent a large group of natural, biologically active substances produced byStreptomyces spp. They are lipid soluble and able to transport metal cations across cell membranes. Several of polyether ionophores are widely used as growth promoters in veterinary. Polyether antibiotics show a broad spectrum of bioactivity ranging from antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antiviral, and tumour cell cytotoxicity. Recently, it has been shown that some of these compounds are able to selectively kill cancer stem cells and multidrug-resistant cancer cells. Thus, they are recognized as new potential anticancer drugs. The biological activity of polyether ionophores is strictly connected with their molecular structure; therefore, the purpose of this paper is to present an overview of their formula, molecular structure, and properties.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity, identification and biosynthetic potential analysis of fungi against Rhizoctonia cerealis

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingli Zhao ◽  
Peng Song ◽  
Dianyun Hou ◽  
Ziliang Li ◽  
Zhenjie Hu
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Peptide Synthetase ◽  
Specific Amplification ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Rhizoctonia Cerealis

Abstract Purpose Wheat sheath blight mainly infected by Rhizoctonia cerealis is one of the soil-borne fungal diseases of wheat worldwide and prevalent in major wheat growing areas in China at present. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of 163 endophytic fungi on R. cerealis. Antifungal strains were identified and their biosynthetic potential was analysed. Methods The antifungal activity of the strains was evaluated via dual-culture antagonism assay. The antifungal strains were identified on the basis of morphological characteristics and internal transcribed spacer gene sequencing. The polyketide synthases (PKSs) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) genes in antifungal strains were detected via specific amplification of chromosomal DNA. Result Twelve out of 163 fungal strains, including seven strains with matrix competition and five strains with antibiosis, were obtained. The twelve antifungal strains belonged to four genera: Alternaria, Ascochyta, Botryosphaeria, and Talaromyces. The inhibition rate of the seven strains with matrix competition was greater than 50%, with that of Botryosphaeria dothidea S2-33 being the highest at 84.6%. The inhibition zone of Talaromyces assiutensis R-03 amongst the five strains with antibiosis was the widest at up to 7 mm. Among the twelve antifungal strains, the strain S2-16 contained all the genes tested, five B. dothidea strains contained PKS-II and NRPS genes, two Alternaria alternata strains only contained PKS-II gene and the remaining four strains did not contain any. Conclusion Results demonstrated twelve potential strains for the biocontrol of wheat sheath blight. In particular, T. assiutensis R-03 was determined as a promising agent. The active substances secreted by antifungal strains may be produced by other biosynthetic pathways.

scholarly journals MICROMORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE EPIDERMIS AND HYSTOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUE OF IDENTIFICATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITES IN THE LEAVES OF BORAGINACEAE HERBAСEOUS PLANTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Aida Ya. Tamakhina ◽  
Amina A. Akhkubekova
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Metabolism ◽  
Conventional Medicine ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Anthracene Derivatives ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Micromorphological Analysis

Aim. In conventional medicine, the species of the Boraginaceae family are not used due to the poor scientific knowledge of the products of secondary metabolism and the lack of information about most of the species. We investigated micromorphological features of the epidermis and conducted histochemical analysis of the products of secondary metabolism in the leaves of Pulmonaria mollis Wulfen ex Hornem., Echium vulgare L., Symphytum asperum Lepech. and S. caucasicum M. Bieb. Methods. Micromorphological analysis included the study of the shape of the main cells of the epidermis, the structure of trichomes and stomata. The number of stomata and trichomes was calculated per 1 mm2. Were used the histochemical reactions in order to identify the products of secondary metabolism. Results. The studied species are characterized by the bifacial type of leaves, numerous trichomes, including long leaf fuzz with a rosette of epidermal cells. The anomocytic type of stomata is characteristic for P. mollis and E. vulgare, anomocytic and anisocytic for S. asperum and S. caucasicum. The leaves of P. mollis, E. vulgare and S. caucasicum are amphistomatic while S. asperum is hypostomatic. The ratio of the non- glandular and glandular trichomes of the intercostal zones of the lower epidermis to the upper in P. mollis was 1.08 and 1.83, respectively, in S. caucasicum 1.61 and 2.67, in S. asperum 7.21 and 2.50, in E. vulgare 1.65 (glandular trichomes in the interstitial zones are absent). In the leaves of the studied species, the products of secondary metabolism (tannins, alkaloids, essential oils, anthracene derivatives and mucus) are localized in bases of non-glandular, glandular trichomes, veins and the main cells of the epidermis. Conclusions. Genus signs of the epidermis of leaves of Boraginaceae are the structure and location of trichomes. Species differences are due to the location of stomata, glandular trichomes and shape of the main epidermal cells. The intensity of staining of secondary metabolites depends on their content in the leaves. The presence of biologically active substances in the leaves of P. mollis, S. caucasicum, S. asperum and E. vulgare determines the value of these species in the creation of new phytopreparations.

scholarly journals Estudio químico de la especie colombiana pentacalia abietina como nueva fuente natural de compuestos de tipo kaurano y quinol

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Iván Fernando Santana Alba ◽  
Diana Angélica Varela Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Active Substances

ONTARE. REVISTA DE INVESTIGACIÓN DE LA FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍAInvestigaciones recientes indican que en distintas especies del género Pentacalia se han aislado e identificado sustancias esteroidales como el sitosterol y el β-sitosterol, cumarinas como la escopoletina y la geranilescopoletina, kauranos y kauranoides, quinoles como la jacaranona y la metiljacaranona y glicósidos de flavonoides entre otras, con actividades biológicas antifúngicas, antibacteriales, cardiotónicas, anticancerígenas etc, para síntesis en la industria farmacéutica, farmacológica y cosmética. En el presente trabajo se llevó a cabo el estudio de la especie colombiana Pentacalia abietina (Willd. ex. Wedd) Cuatrec., para determinar metabolitos secundarios; se fundamentó en encontrar una nueva fuente de sustancias con actividad biológica del tipo kaurano y quinol, a las que se les ha podido comprobar acción antibacterial, antiparasitaria, antiinflamatoria, antitumoral y antifúngica y cuyas estructuras son de gran interés para síntesis en la industria farmacéutica, farmacológica y cosmética. ABSTRACT In the present work was undertaken to study the Colombian species Pentacalia abietina (\MI/d. ex. Wedq) Cuatrec. determining secondary metabolites, and was based on finding a new source of biologically active substances of type quino/ kaurano and contributing to the achievement of these important substances with bio/cgical action, which are antibacteria/ action has been found, antiparasitic, antiinflammatory, antifungal and antitumor and whose structures are of great interest for synthesis in the pharmaceutica/ industry, drug and cosmetic industries.

scholarly journals Antifungal properties of Foeniculum vulgare, Carum carvi and Eucalyptus sp. essential oils against Candida albicans strains

2013 ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelica Skrobonja ◽  
Dafina Delic ◽  
Maja Karaman ◽  
Milan Matavulj ◽  
Mirjana Bogavac
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Carum Carvi ◽  
Microdilution Method

Aromatic plants are among the most important sources of biologically active secondary metabolites, with high antimicrobal potential. This study was carried out to examine in vitro antifungal activity of Foeniculum vulgare (Apiaceae), Carum carvi (Apiaceae) and Eucalyptus sp.(Myrtaceae) essential oils against three Candida albicans strains of different origin (laboratory-CAL, human pulmonary-CAH and ATCC10231-CAR). The essential oils were screened on C. albicans using disc and well-diffusion and microdilution method, and compared to Nystatine and Fluconazole as standard anti-mycotics. The activity of tested oils was expressed by inhibition zone diameter (mm), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) (mg/ml). The results indicated that studied essential oils show antifungal activity against all three isolates of C. albicans. It was observed that each oil exhibits different degree of antifungal activity depending on the oil concentration applied as well as on analyzed strain of C. albicans. Carum carvi demonstrated the strongest antifungal effect to all tested strains, showing the lowest MIC values (0.03mg/ml for CAL, 0.06mg/ml for CAH, and 0.11mg/ml for CAR, respectively). Eucalyptus sp. exhibited the lowest antifungal activity, with MIC values ranging from 0.11 mg/ml for CAL to 0.45 mg/ml for both CAH and CAR.

scholarly journals Short communication extraction and phytochemical analysis of Hyptis spicigera leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
A. Idi ◽  
I.U. Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Phytochemical Constituent

Plants are recognized in the pharmaceutical industry for their broad structural diversity as well as their wide range of pharmacological activities, which is due to their biologically active compounds known as phytochemicals. The present study reports the extraction, thin layer chromatography and screening of phytochemical constituent of Hyptis spicigera leaves. The thin layer chromatography of the leave extract shows 11 bands with Rf values of 0.03, 0.06, 0.09, 0.12, 0.17, 0.19, 0.20, 0.23 and 0.31 respectively. Qualitative phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, emodins, and cardiac glycoside while phenols, tannins, terpenoids, tri terpenoids and anthraquinones were absent. The presences of these phytochemicals showed that Hyptis spicigera leaves may be useful for medicinal purpose.

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