scholarly journals Utilization of Secang (Caesalpinia Sappan L) Wood Extract in Optimization of Liquid Soap Formulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Dwi Saryanti ◽  
Iwan Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Liquid Soap ◽  
Dry Skin ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Caesalpinia Sappan ◽  
Wood Extract ◽  
Optimal Formula

One of the plants used in traditional medicine is secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.). Liquid soap is now widely produced because of its practical use and better appearance. The use of anionic surfactants can cause irritation and dry skin due to strong binding of skin proteins. Cocamid DEA is used as nonionic surfactant in the liquid soap formulation to reduce the irritation caused by the anionic surfactant. The determination of optimal formula of secang wood extract liquid soap used D-optimal method by using parameter of pH test, viscosity, density and antibacterial activity. The organoleptic, pH, viscosity, density, antibacterial activity, foam stability, and physical stability of optimal formula were tested by cycling test. The ratio of sodium lauryl sulfate:cocamid DEA in optimal formula of secang wood extract liquid soap was (98.95: 1.05). The optimal formula of liquid soap has pH 4.6, viscosity 51.67 dPas, density 1.06 g / mL, antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus aureus 16.2 mm and foam stability 96.67%.

scholarly journals Formulation and Antibacterial Activity of Liquid Soap Containing Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) Leaves Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Asiska Permata Dewi ◽  
Dini Mardhiyani
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Liquid Soap ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Terminalia Catappa

Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) is traditionally used by the community to treat infections of the skin caused by bacteria or fungi. In this study, T. catappa leaves extract was added to the liquid soap formula as an antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the secondary metabolite compounds contained in T. catappa leaves extract, physical evaluation of the preparation, and antibacterial activity of liquid soap. Liquid soap formula is made with various concentrations of T. catappa leaves extract F0 (0%), F1 (1%), F2 (2%), and F3 (3%). The resulting soap was evaluated for organoleptic, pH, high foam, homogeneity, irritation, and its activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Escherichia coli using the disc diffusion method. The results showed that the T. catappa leaves extract contained flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids. The liquid soap formula F0 is clear, while F1, F2, and F3 have the characteristics of brown-dark brown, homogeneous, pH between 4.6-5.2, foam stability between 67-72%, which is not significantly different and stable after five minutes of testing, and it does not irritate the skin. Terminalia catappa leaves extracts liquid soap has antibacterial activity at a concentration of 1%, 2%, and 3%, with the largest inhibition zone diameter produced by S. aureus.

scholarly journals FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI FISIK KRIM KOSMETIK DENGAN VARIASI EKSTRAK KAYU SECANG (Caesalpinia sappan) DAN BEESWAX SUMBAWA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Samuyus Nealma ◽  
Nurkholis
Keyword(s):  
Caesalpinia Sappan ◽  
Power Test ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Physical Evaluation ◽  
Organoleptic Test ◽  
Cream Formulation ◽  
A Value ◽  
Wood Extract

In this research, secang wood will be used as a cream using Sumbawa beeswax base. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best cream formulation with secang wood extract and beeswax. Cream formula is based on the concentration of secang extract 0.5-2.5 grams and beeswax 0.2-4 grams in 20 grams of the preparation. Determination of physical evaluation will be carried out several tests, namely organoleptic test, pH, adhesion, dispersal power and protective power. The results showed that all three formulas, Formulation 1 (F1) and F3 were homogeneous, while F2 was not homogeneous. In pH testing, all formulations 1,2 and 3 have an average pH of 6. And in organoleptic testing, F3 shows a score of 3.9 in form and is the highest compared to the two other formulations, F1 has a score of 2.8, F2 scores 2.2. Whereas in color organoleptic, the highest score is F3 with a score of 3.8, F1 score 2.8 and F3 score 2.2. And in odorless organoleptics, F1 has the highest score of 3.6, F3 score of 3.3 and F2 score of 2.7. In the scatter power test, F1 has an average value of 11.8, F2 with a value of 53.52 and F3 with a value of 11.68. F1, F2 and F3 adhesion tests have values ??of 2.3 seconds, 2.3 and 3.67, respectively. And in KOH protection testing all formulas show changes.

scholarly journals Importance of Tetrahydroiso -acids to the Microbiological Stability of Beer

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 1160-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Caballero ◽  
Montserrat Agut ◽  
Alicia Armentia ◽  
Carlos A Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacteriostatic Effect ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Wild Yeast ◽  
Off Flavors ◽  
Beer Spoilage ◽  
Microbiological Stability

Abstract While beer provides a very stable microbiological environment, a few niche microorganisms are capable of growth in malt, wort, and beer. The production of off-flavors and development of turbidity in the packaged product are due to the growth and metabolic activity of wild yeast, certain lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria. Beer also contains bitter hop compounds, which are toxic to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and contribute to preventing the spoilage of this beverage. In the boiling process, the hop -acids (humulones) are isomerized into iso -acids. These products are responsible for the bitter taste of beer, but they also play an essential role in enhancing foam stability. Antibacterial activity of iso -acids and their hydrogenated derivates (rhoiso -acids and tetrahydroiso -acids) in MRS broth and beer have been evaluated against different LAB (Lactobacillus and Pediococcus) for the determination of their beer-stabilizing capabilities. Besides this, we have determined the minimum inhibitory concentration and the bacteriostatic effect of each compound against Pediococcus. We found that tetrahydroiso-acids (added directly to beer during production processes) are the compounds that present the greatest antibacterial activity against the main agents implicated in beer spoilage.

scholarly journals FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS SABUN CAIR EKSTRAK ETANOL HERBA SELEDRI (Apium graveolens L) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus

PHARMACON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Hamido Hutauruk ◽  
Paulina V. Y. Yamlean ◽  
Weny Wiyono
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Liquid Soap ◽  
Physical Evaluation ◽  
Irritation Test ◽  
High Test

ABSTRACT Celery plants (Apium graveolens L.) contain flavonoids, saponins, 1% tannins, 0.033% essential oils, apiin, apigenin, choline, lipase, asparagine. which can inhibit bacterial activity. This study aims to formulate, and test the antibacterial activity of liquid celery herbal soap (Apium graveolens L) liquid soap preparations at concentrations of 1%, 2%, 4% and 8%. This study uses an experimental method by testing the parameters of the physical evaluation requirements of liquid soap preparations. Physical evaluation of the preparation includes organoleptic test, pH test, high test and foam stability, water content test, free alkali test, specific gravity test and irritation test. The results of the study on the quality test or physical evaluation of celery herbal liquid soap liquid with a concentration of 1%, 2%, 4% and 8% meet the requirements set by SNI. Antibacterial testing of celery herbal liquid soap preparations against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria observed on UV-Vis spectrophotometer produced a minimum inhibitory level of 1.267 for a concentration of 1%, 0.45 for a concentration of 2%, -0.037 for a concentration of 4%, and -0.124 for a concentration of 8 %. It can be concluded that liquid soap concentrations of 1%, 2%, 4% and 8% of celery herbal extract can be formulated as liquid soap preparations and have antibacterial activity at concentrations of 1%, 2%, 4%, and 8%. Keywords: Celery (Apium graveolens L), Liquid soap, Staphylococcus aureus, Antibacterial ABSTRAK Tanaman Seledri (Apium graveolens L.) mengandung flavonoid, saponin, tannin 1%, minyak atsiri 0,033 %, apiin, apigenin, kolin, lipase, asparagine. yang mampu menghambat aktivitas bakteri.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasi, serta menguji aktivitas antibakteri sediaan sabun cair ekstrak etanol herba Seledri (Apium graveolens L) pada kosentrasi 1%, 2%, 4% dan 8%. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekperimental dengan melakukan pengujian parameter persyaratan evaluasi fisik sediaan sabun cair. Evaluasi fisik sediaan meliputi uji organoleptik, uji pH, uji tinggi dan kestabilan busa, uji kadar air, uji alkali bebas, uji bobot jenis dan uji iritasi. Hasil penelitian pada uji kualitas atau evaluasi fisik dari sabun cair Ekstrak Etanol Herba Seledri dengan konsentrasi 1%, 2%, 4% dan 8%   memenuhi syarat yang telah ditetapkan oleh SNI. Pengujian antibakteri sediaan sabun cair Ekstrak Etanol Herba Seledri pada bakteri staphylococcus aureus yang diamati pada spektrofotometer UV-Vis menghasilkan kadar hambat minimum 1,267 untuk konsentrasi 1%, 0,45 untuk konsentrasi 2%, -0,037 untuk konsentrasi 4%, dan -0,124 untuk konsentrasi 8%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa sabun cair kosentrasi 1%, 2%, 4% dan 8% Ekstrak Etanol Herba Seledri dapat diformulasi sebagai sediaan sabun cair yang stabil dan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri pada konsentrasi 1%, 2%, 4%, dan 8%.Kata kunci : Seledri (Apium graveolens L), Sabun cair, Staphylococcus aureus, Antibakteri

Identification of N-Substituted Triazolo-azetidines as Novel Antibacterials using pDualrep2 HTS Platform

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 346-354
Author(s):  
Yan A. Ivanenkov ◽  
Renat S. Yamidanov ◽  
Ilya A. Osterman ◽  
Petr V. Sergiev ◽  
Vladimir A. Aladinskiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Reporter System ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Mic Value

Aim and Objective: Antibiotic resistance is a serious constraint to the development of new effective antibacterials. Therefore, the discovery of the new antibacterials remains one of the main challenges in modern medicinal chemistry. This study was undertaken to identify novel molecules with antibacterial activity. Materials and Methods: Using our unique double-reporter system, in-house large-scale HTS campaign was conducted for the identification of antibacterial potency of small-molecule compounds. The construction allows us to visually assess the underlying mechanism of action. After the initial HTS and rescreen procedure, luciferase assay, C14-test, determination of MIC value and PrestoBlue test were carried out. Results: HTS rounds and rescreen campaign have revealed the antibacterial activity of a series of Nsubstituted triazolo-azetidines and their isosteric derivatives that has not been reported previously. Primary hit-molecule demonstrated a MIC value of 12.5 µg/mL against E. coli Δ tolC with signs of translation blockage and no SOS-response. Translation inhibition (26%, luciferase assay) was achieved at high concentrations up to 160 µg/mL, while no activity was found using C14-test. The compound did not demonstrate cytotoxicity in the PrestoBlue assay against a panel of eukaryotic cells. Within a series of direct structural analogues bearing the same or bioisosteric scaffold, compound 2 was found to have an improved antibacterial potency (MIC=6.25 µg/mL) close to Erythromycin (MIC=2.5-5 µg/mL) against the same strain. In contrast to the parent hit, this compound was more active and selective, and provided a robust IP position. Conclusion: N-substituted triazolo-azetidine scaffold may be used as a versatile starting point for the development of novel active and selective antibacterial compounds.

scholarly journals Study on Optimal Placement and Reasonable Number of Viscoelastic Dampers by Improved Weight Coefficient Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-ting Qu ◽  
Hong-nan Li
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Weight Coefficient ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Analogy Method ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Viscoelastic Dampers ◽  
Reasonable Number ◽  
Coefficient Method

A new optimal method is presented by combining the weight coefficient with the theory of force analogy method. Firstly, a new mathematical model of location index is proposed, which deals with the determination of a reasonable number of dampers according to values of the location index. Secondly, the optimal locations of dampers are given. It can be specific from stories to spans. Numerical examples are illustrated to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed mathematical model and optimal method. At last, several significant conclusions are given based on numerical results.

Antimicrobial Activity of Isopteropodine

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 385-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén García ◽  
Cesia Cayunao ◽  
Ronny Bocic ◽  
Nadine Backhouse ◽  
Carla Delporte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Uncaria Tomentosa ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Bioassay-directed fractionation for the determination of antimicrobial activity of Uncaria tomentosa, has led to the isolation of isopteropodine (0.3%), a known Uncaria pentacyclic oxindol alkaloid that exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria.

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