scholarly journals Transport Infrastructure in Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
A. K. Barinov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
A Priority ◽  
The Government

The development of transport infrastructure is a priority objective for many African countries. This process has significant impact on the efficiency of continental and world trade corridors, and also influence on the costs of economic activity. In this case, the transformation in the transport sector of Ethiopia must be noted. The government of the country has taken a decision to create national railway network and develop aviation and road lines of communication. After The Eritrean War of Independence Eritrean separation was announced and Ethiopia lost its maritime infrastructure and became a landlocked country. This situation provides great difficulties in process of international trade and economic activity for the region. Now the development of transport corridors which connect economic centers with large ports of the region is a priority task for Ethiopian government. In this case Ethiopia is actively attracting foreign investors and world financial organizations to create stable, efficient and economically profitable ways of transport communication with the port infrastructure of neighboring countries. This year, Chinese companies finished to rebuilt the railway line Addis Ababa-Djibouti, in the coming years, governments of Kenya and Ethiopia, will launch new Mombasa-Nairobi-Addis Ababa motorway. This infrastructure projects are essential for enhancing Ethiopian competitiveness and economic activity and provide opportunity to reduce transport costs. Moreover, the Ethiopian authorities are making great progress in developing the internal transport infrastructure, first of all, in terms of increased paved road and development of railway infrastructure, which promotes more efficient use of natural,economic and human resources. Foreign companies are actively involved in realization of this transport projects and it can be a perspective area for cooperation between Russian Federation and Ethiopia. The article provides a detailed overview of Ethiopian transport sector and describes the key infrastructureprojects which can be interesting for Russian companies.

scholarly journals Investment Risk Management and Economic Aspects of Transport Infrastructure Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Gintautas Labanauskas ◽  
Ramūnas Palšaitis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Investment Risk ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Multiple Indicators

Investment Risk Management and Economic Aspects of Transport Infrastructure Development The major causes of investment riskiness into transport infrastructure relate to international economy instability, lack of clearly defined and accurate information on the overall processes of international intermodal transportation, absence of objective information due to inconsequent market research as regards interpretation of economic, political and other aspects. Assessment of objective integrated investments into public transport sector as a very specific branch of economy should necessarily be evaluated as multiple indicators affecting different spheres of community, and the final solution should be drawn when all multi-criteria indicators are well appraised. Economy based grounding of the optimal choice from all possible variants when solving specific tasks of the transport sector, depends on the economic expediency of the constructed subject. The main factors of effective usage of investments become apparent in the process of solving the task of road or railway network development optimisation.

Quantifying the Impact of Development of the Transport Sector in Pakistan

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (4II) ◽  
pp. 779-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizwana Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

An efficient transport system is not only a pre-requisite for economic development but is also important to achieve the objective of economic integration in the world economy. Insufficient transport infrastructure results in congestion, delay delivery time, fuel waste, pollution and accident1 which built inefficiencies in the economy and costs the economy 4 to 6 percent of GDP each year [Shah (2006)and World Bank (2007)], which can be saved by investing in transport services. Realising its importance, the government of Pakistan has initiated National Trade Corridor Improvement Programme (NTCIP) in 2005 to improve logistic and transport infrastructure so that it can fulfill the demand of economy more efficiently. This five years programme includes all sectors that improve performance of corridor-high way namely, road transport, railways, airports, and ships etc. The objective of the programme is to reduce the cost of doing business and improve quality of services. The study quantifies the efficiency of transport sector by evaluating the impact of public investment to improve transport services on the economy in general and on cost of land transportation in particular; i.e., cost of freight and passenger movement and cost of externalities such as congestion, air pollution and accident. The outcome of the study depends on how improved facility is achieved, i.e., who bears the cost and who benefits etc. This paper assumes tax financed public investment that not only change domestic price and demand, but also welfare and poverty. The issue is analysed in computable general equilibrium framework taking into account inter linkages of transport sector with rest of the economy. First, a social accounting matrix (SAM) is developed with a detailed transport module. Then, a dynamic CGE model is developed around this SAM and simulations are conducted for short run and long run analysis of public investment in trans port sector.

University of East Africa Conference on Public Policy: III. Problems of Foreign Aid

1964 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 582-584
Author(s):  
Kenneth Christofas
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Vice President ◽  
International Institute ◽  
International Affairs ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
United Nations Economic Commission ◽  
The Government ◽  
Overseas Development Institute

The chairman of the conference, who presided at the opening session, was Rashidi Kawawa, Second Vice-President ofthe United Republic of Tanzania. The conference was fortunate to have an East African Minister as discussion leader at each of its plenary sessions; and it was particularly valuable that the three Tanzania Ministers of State, A. Z. N. Swai, A. H. Jamal, and A. M. Babu, were able to devote so much time to participating in the work of the conference. Each of the three East African countries sent a strong team of Ministers, Members of Parliament, and civil servants; particularly notable contributions were made by J. G. Kiano, Minister for Commerce and Cooperatives in the Government of Kenya, and C. Obwangor, Minister for Justice for Uganda. The three wings of the University of East Africa were formidably represented; and there were observers from the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (Addis Ababa), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (Paris), the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of East Africa, the U.S.A.I.D., and the Ford Foundation, without whose financial generosity the conference could not have taken place. Finally, there was a selection of ‘specialists’ from overseas: Nicholas Kaldor from Cambridge, William Clark from the Overseas Development Institute in London, Vladimir Martynov from the Institute of World Economy and International Affairs in Moscow, George Skorov from the International Institute for Educational Planning in Paris, M. R. Shroff, Deputy Economic Adviser to the Government of India, whose contribution was generally regarded as quite outstanding, and myself, a sort of governmental wolf in academic sheep's clothing.

scholarly journals Transport Pollution: A Research of the Nigerian Transport Sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11S) ◽  
pp. 492-497 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Information ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Traffic Reduction ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Nigerian Population ◽  
The Government ◽  
Transport Emissions

The growth in transport, especially road-based transport, is associated with environmental problems. Emissions from automobiles have been recognized as the main source of environmental pollution. The Nigerian population perceives road transportation as one of the primary environmental intruders. However, this problem has been substantially reduced in many developed countries as a result of the introduction of various technologies, including the local traffic reduction measures as well as the three-way catalyst. Inadequate transport infrastructure to support the increased number of vehicles plying the Nigerian roads has become a challenge to the government and the transport industry. This paper aims at providing contextual information on the environmental and health related to air pollution stemming from road transportation in Nigeria. Besides, it reviews the causes of transport emissions and the need for an integrated transport system in Nigeria

Colombia's lorry strike to cause weeks of disruption

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industrial Action ◽  
Cargo Transport ◽  
Port Access ◽  
The Government

Significance The disturbances marked the 45th consecutive day of industrial action by the truckers' unions. Striking drivers have refused to transport cargo and have blockaded major transport routes and port access roads. Overland transport has been severely affected, with particularly negative implications for the country's agricultural sector. Negotiations between the government and representatives from the transport sector are ongoing, but have so far failed to resolve the situation. Impacts The strike will push up Colombia's already high cargo transport costs. Frustration with the effects of the strikes could lead to violence in some areas. Scarcity of agricultural products is anticipated to increase inflation to 7%, up from the earlier estimate of 6%. The action further highlights the shortcomings of Colombia's road network and will encourage government investment to improve it.

Major Development Mechanisms for the Infrastructure of the Transport and Logistics Complex in Kazakhstan

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1474
Author(s):  
Gulmira Sovetovna SAKTAGANOVA ◽  
Lyubov Valentinovna LEGOSTAEVA ◽  
Ainur Tursynbaevna KARIPOVA
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Logistics Services ◽  
Logistics Enterprises ◽  
The Government

The transport and logistics complex of Kazakhstan, international transport corridors and bridges provide a linkage in the formation of the Eurasian transcontinental bridge and ensuring the sustainable development of Kazakhstan. A modern transport and logistics system provides a highly efficient transport network within the country, an increase in cargo traffic in the territory of Kazakhstan, coordination of all modes of transport, development of the local transport infrastructure in the regions and integration of Kazakhstan transport infrastructure into the global transport system. Currently, the logistics sector has accumulated a set of problems. This problem concerns the technical and technological modernization of the transport system, which implies the reequipment of transport fleet and, accordingly, the technical and technological improvement of transport infrastructure. Kazakhstan adopts the experience of foreign countries, which use innovative transport technologies. Innovative technologies allow reducing transport costs and expanding regional cooperation. Kazakhstan has implemented an effective satellite tracking and monitoring system of transport and the latest information technologies. Kazakhstan cooperates with China in the field of transport and logistics, and develops transport and transit infrastructure, which makes it possible to service cargo flows with Europe. According to the Government Program of Development and Integration of Transport System Infrastructure until 2020, Kazakhstan attaches great importance to the development and renewal of rail, road, air, and water transport. Therefore, we propose to implement a set of measures aimed at developing the infrastructure of the transport and logistics complex in Kazakhstan. It is necessary to reequip the transport fleet, improve the technical and technological characteristics of transport infrastructure, develop multimodal transport technologies and improve roadside service. Based on public-private partnership, it is necessary to form a fund that would support the development of the national transport and logistics complex, the growth of transit traffic and the growth of tourism in the country. We propose to develop transit transport, logistics enterprises, logistics centers, warehouses, to implement national standards for logistics services. The United Transport and Logistics Company of Kazakhstan is required to establish a unified platform for transport and logistics services both in Kazakhstan and abroad. Such a company will provide data on transport routes, which will allow a client to choose the fastest route, improve the service of logistic services and shorten the delivery time, cost, safety and stability of cargo.

scholarly journals The role of the transport sector in the new partnership for Africa’s development (nepad)

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Mouchili ◽  
G. C. Prinsloo
Keyword(s):  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Economic Exchanges ◽  
High Level

For many years Africa has presented a gloomy socio-economic picture. The problems Africa faces are so complex and interlinked that a holistic approach is needed to address the issues. Africa is increasingly being marginalised from world development. It accounts for only about 2% of the world total economic exchanges (UNECA, 2000). The New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) is an initiative by African leaders to inspire political stability and address shortages in infrastructure, education and health in an attempt to end misery across Africa and launch its sustainable development. Inadequate infrastructure is a critical obstacle to intra-African trade and to the competitiveness of African products in international markets. Transport can facilitate the flow of people, ideas and technology. Bridging the transport infrastructure gap is therefore an important factor in unlocking the human and economic potential of the continent. NEPAD aims to coordinate and channel regionally fragmented efforts into one core long-term vision for the continent. NEPAD cannot work if there is too much high level strategic regional focus with little involvement of civil society, specific requirements and needs of African countries, and the private sector. It should develop some general high-level objectives and strategies related to transport operations and infrastructure, such as simplifying and harmonising transport regulations, deregulating the air industry and implementing the Yamoussoukro decisions, and focusing investments on transport corridors (road or rail).

scholarly journals Rabies Outbreak among Livestock in a Pastoralist Community, Southern Ethiopia

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Balako Gumi ◽  
Sisay Girma ◽  
Hussein Mohamed ◽  
Asefa Deresa
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Virus Antigen ◽  
Domestic Dog ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Government

BACKGROUND: Rabies still poses a significant health problem in most of African countries, where the majority of the cases result from dog bites. The situations in the marginalized pastoral areas were not well documented.CASE: In September 2015, rabid wild fox entered the pastoralist village and bit a domestic dog. The victim dog had turned rabid after four months and bit livestock, and rabies outbreak occurred in the family livestock. Consequently, one bull, one lactating cow, one calf, two donkeys and one heifer died of outbreak. The head of one heifer was removed and transported within 24 hours to the Rabies Referral Laboratory of Ethiopian Public Health Institute in Addis Ababa. The sample was confirmed as strong positive for lyssa virus antigen by Direct Fluorescent Anti-Body Test. This was the first confirmed case report from southern Oromia pastoralists. The occurrence of rabies cases across the district was also reported by veterinary and human health officers.CONCLUSION: Integrated intervention strategy and collaboration of animal health, human health and wildlife authority is needed. To halt the ongoing outbreak in the district, immediate response from the Government is recommended. 

scholarly journals Private Capital in the Railway Construction Process in Turkestan (70s of the 19th -Early 20th Centuries)

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
I.B. Bochkareva
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Private Capital ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Railway Construction ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Government ◽  
Line Construction ◽  
The Right

The state and private capital, mainly foreign, were the main actors of Russian railway network creating process in the post-reform period. At the same time, in Turkestan, the Russian Government consciously discouraged private initiatives in the field of railway construction for a long time, preventing private capital from acquiring the quality of an actor along with the state. Although the government maintained a policy of building railways in the region at the Treasury expense, since the 1870s it has regularly received applications for the right to build Railways on the terms of private concessions. The article examines the content of private railway projects and the nature of concession rights that entrepreneurs requested from the government. The author comes to the conclusion that most of them preceded the state's decisions on the railway line construction in Turkestan, as in the case of the Trans-Caspian railway line extension from Samarkand to Tashkent and Andijan. In this regard, private initiative played a role as a factor in the state's decision - making process on the further development of the region's railway network.

scholarly journals Implications of Africa's Transportation Systems for Development in the Era of Globalization

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 147-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambe J. Njoh
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Intermodal Transport ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Colonial Master

The paper identifies and discusses major implications of Africa's contemporary transport infrastructure for the continent's development in general and its active participation in the globalization process in particular. Initially it identifies and analyses major events in the evolution of the continent's modern transport systems. It is revealed that colonial authorities did the most to develop these systems. However, because the systems were designed to facilitate the extraction and transmission of products from the continent to the colonial master nations, they are deemed incapable of enhancing the active participation of African countries in the globalization process. In an effort to reverse this situation, a number of specific steps, including increasing the stock of all-season roads, regional integration, the promotion of intermodal transport facilities, and the adoption of safety measures in the transport sector, are proposed.

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