scholarly journals GEODYNAMICS

GEODYNAMICS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2(29)2020 (2(29)) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
O. Kendzera ◽  
◽  
Y. Semenova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Frequency Response ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Seismic Effect ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Seismic Zoning ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Seismic Oscillations

Purpose. The paper substantiates the need for building seismic zoning maps of Kyiv in the physical parameters of ground motions: peak ground accelerations (PGA), peak ground velocities (PGV) or peak ground displacements (PGD), which are the basis for the effective use of methods for calculating seismic loads on buildings, structures and individual responsible constructions. An intermediate stage in the creation of such maps is the development of a map of seismic zoning of the territory of Kyiv in terms of relative integral estimates of spectral increments in seismic soil oscillations, arising from the influence of the peculiarities of the distribution of physical parameters of soils. The intermediate map gives the distribution over the city territory of a quantitative assessment of the influence of the spectral characteristics of the soil on the seismic hazard, expressed in systemic physical quantities. Methodology. An analytical-empirical approach to mapping the seismic hazard of territories is applied. Within the territory of Kyiv, using the method of seismic-geological analogies, areas (taxonomic zones) were identified, where the seismic effect can differ significantly both in physical parameters: displacement, speed, acceleration – and the ability of soil strata to significantly affect the spectral characteristics of the soil. Results. For each taxonomic zone, a computational seismic-geological model with inelastic deformation parameters has been built, which makes it possible to take into account the occurrence of nonlinear effects under significant seismic influences. Equivalent linear modeling was used to calculate the frequency response of seismic-geological soil models for each taxonomic zone. The averaged frequency response for the ground conditions of the territory of Kyiv was calculated. A map of the distribution of the deviation of the integral amplification of seismic oscillations from the average value for the territory of Kyiv was built. The integral spectral amplification is the area of the subspectral function. A dynamic analysis of the propagation of seismic oscillations in seismic-geological models is carried out and the influence of the upper sedimentary layer on the value of the peak ground acceleration PGA on the free surface is illustrated. Originality. For the first time within the territory of Kyiv, areas (taxonomic zones) have been identified, where the response of the soil to the seismic effect will differ. A map of the distribution of the deviation of the integral amplification of seismic oscillations by soils from the average value for the territory of Kyiv was constructed. Practical significance. The map of seismic zoning of Kyiv in amplitude terms of soil oscillations is proposed to be used when applying the spectral method for calculating an emergency combination of loads, taking into account seismic effects, to determine the value of the calculated relative ground accelerations of the construction site under study.

scholarly journals Variations in the integral amplification of of seismic ground motions on the territory of Kiev

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-141
Author(s):  
A. Kendzera ◽  
Yu. Semenova
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motions ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Seismic Effect ◽  
Seismic Zoning ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Seismic Vibrations ◽  
Seismic Oscillations

The relevance of the research and the results presented in the article is due to the need to provide the designers of seismic-resistant construction with maps of seismic zoning of settlements and agglomerations on the territory of Ukraine in the amplitude parameters of seismic ground motions. An analytical-empirical approach to mapping is proposed on the example of the territory of Kyiv, which can be implemented in conditions of an insufficient number of results of instrumental seismological observations. This approach gives positive results provided that the territory is well studied in geological terms. Within the territory of Kyiv, using the method of seismic-geological analogies, areas (taxonometric zones) have been identified that are homogeneous in response to seismic effects. For all taxonometric zones, seismic-geological models of the soil strata were built and their spectral characteristics were calculated taking into account the nonlinear deformation of the soil. The averaged frequency response was also calculated for the ground conditions of the territory of Kyiv as a function of the distribution of the average values of the spectral amplification of seismic oscillations in frequency for all zones. A map of the distribution of the deviation of the integral amplification of seismic vibrations from the average value for the territory of Kyiv was constructed. It is proposed to use a spectral amplification map to determine the values of the calculated relative ground acceleration of the investigated site when using the spectral method for calculating the emergency combination of loads taking into account the seismic effect. The map of the distribution of the deviation of the integral amplification of seismic oscillations from the average value for the territory of Kyiv is an intermediate stage in the construction of seismic zoning maps for Kyiv in amplitude terms of ground motions.

scholarly journals Seismic hazard on the territory of Armenia: seismic zoning normative maps. Preliminary version of the new general seismic zoning map

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.Г. Григорян ◽  
Дж.К. Карапетян ◽  
К.С. Казарян ◽  
Р.С. Саргсян
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Seismic Effect ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Seismic Zoning ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Earthquake Sources ◽  
Preliminary Version ◽  
Complex Models ◽  
Displacement Speed ◽  
The Impact

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с общим сейсмическим районированием (ОСР) территории Армении, а также хронология создания карт ОСР. Показана некоторая противоречивость составленных в разные периоды нормативных карт. Разработаны и внедрены национальные нормы по сейсмостойкому строительству – СНРА II-2.02.94, в которых, помимо традиционных баллов, опасность выражалась через ожидаемые максимальные значения ускорений грунтов Аmax. На основе существующих в настоящее время новых методов и технологий по оценке и картированию сейсмической опасности (сейсмического районирования) предлагается вариант вероятностной карты общего сейсмического районирования территории Армении в масштабе 1:500 000. Карта составлена на базе моделей возможных очаговых зон с оценками сейсмических потенциалов (Mmax) основных структурных элементов и сейсмического эффекта. Предложенный вариант карты СМР территории Армении существенно отличается от действующей нормативной карты. На ней впервые выделена зона с ожидаемыми максимальными значениями ускорения грунта – 0,5 g. Задача дальнейших исследований состоит в рассмотрении более сложных моделей пространственно-временного распределения очагов сильных землетрясений, более объективных и приемлемых с инженерной точки зрения количественных характеристик, определяющих характер и уровень ожидаемых воздействий и методов их картирования. Так, в рамках общей научной программы по оценке сейсмической опасности и сейсмического риска, усовершенствования методов количественной оценки параметров сейсмических воздействий в ИГИС НАН РА ведутся исследования по рассмотрению задач с использованием, кроме традиционных (смещение, скорость, ускорение), также интегральных параметров колебаний, наиболее полно характеризующих энергию воздействия In the article we made a chronological and detailed comparative analysis of general seismic zoning (GSZ) maps compiled in different periods for the territory of Armenia. Based on the developed and improved methods for assessing the parameters of seismic influences and using modern methods and technologies for assessment and mapping of seismic hazard (zoning), a probabilistic map of seismic zoning for the territory of Armenia at a scale of 1: 500,000 was compiled. The map is based on the models of possible seismic sources with estimates of seismic potentials (Mmax) of the basic structural elements (compiled by the staff of the IGES NAS RA) and the seismic effect. The proposed version of the GSZ map of the territory of Armenia differs significantly from the current normative map. A zone with the expected maximum values of ground acceleration – 0.5g is allocated on it for the first time. The task of further research is to consider more complex models of the space-time distribution of strong earthquake sources, more objective and acceptable (from an engineering point of view) quantitative characteristics that determine the nature and level of expected impacts and methods of their mapping. Thus, within the framework of the general scientific program for the assessment of seismic hazard and seismic risk, the improvement of methods for quantifying the parameters of seismic effects in the IGES NAS RA, research is being conducted to consider problems using, besides traditional (displacement, speed, acceleration), also integral parameters of vibrations, the most fully characterizing the impact energy.

scholarly journals Seismic Hazard Assessment for the Tianshui Urban Area, Gansu Province, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenming Wang ◽  
David T. Butler ◽  
Edward W. Woolery ◽  
Lanmin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Peak Ground Velocity ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Acceleration Time Histories

A scenario seismic hazard analysis was performed for the city of Tianshui. The scenario hazard analysis utilized the best available geologic and seismological information as well as composite source model (i.e., ground motion simulation) to derive ground motion hazards in terms of acceleration time histories, peak values (e.g., peak ground acceleration and peak ground velocity), and response spectra. This study confirms that Tianshui is facing significant seismic hazard, and certain mitigation measures, such as better seismic design for buildings and other structures, should be developed and implemented. This study shows that PGA of 0.3 g (equivalent to Chinese intensity VIII) should be considered for seismic design of general building and PGA of 0.4 g (equivalent to Chinese intensity IX) for seismic design of critical facility in Tianshui.

scholarly journals A hybrid model for mapping simplified seismic response via a GIS-metamodel approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1703-1718 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Grelle ◽  
L. Bonito ◽  
P. Revellino ◽  
L. Guerriero ◽  
F. M. Guadagno
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Seismic Response ◽  
Hybrid Model ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Site Response ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Seismic Zone ◽  
Acceleration Response ◽  
Good Correspondence

Abstract. In earthquake-prone areas, site seismic response due to lithostratigraphic sequence plays a key role in seismic hazard assessment. A hybrid model, consisting of GIS and metamodel (model of model) procedures, was introduced aimed at estimating the 1-D spatial seismic site response in accordance with spatial variability of sediment parameters. Inputs and outputs are provided and processed by means of an appropriate GIS model, named GIS Cubic Model (GCM). This consists of a block-layered parametric structure aimed at resolving a predicted metamodel by means of pixel to pixel vertical computing. The metamodel, opportunely calibrated, is able to emulate the classic shape of the spectral acceleration response in relation to the main physical parameters that characterize the spectrum itself. Therefore, via the GCM structure and the metamodel, the hybrid model provides maps of normalized acceleration response spectra. The hybrid model was applied and tested on the built-up area of the San Giorgio del Sannio village, located in a high-risk seismic zone of southern Italy. Efficiency tests showed a good correspondence between the spectral values resulting from the proposed approach and the 1-D physical computational models. Supported by lithology and geophysical data and corresponding accurate interpretation regarding modelling, the hybrid model can be an efficient tool in assessing urban planning seismic hazard/risk.

scholarly journals Seismic hazard of Northern Eurasia

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Ulomov ◽  
. The GSHAP Region Working Group
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Exceedance Probability ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Seismic Catalogue ◽  
Close Cooperation

The GSHAP Regional Centre in Moscow, UIPE, has coordinated the seismic hazard mapping for the whole territory of the former U.S.S.R. and border regions. A five-year program was conducted to assemble for the whole area, subdivided in five overlapping blocks, the unified seismic catalogue with uniform magnitude, the strong motion databank and the seismic zones model (lineament-domain-source), which form the basis of a newly developed deterministic-probabilistic computation of seismic hazard assessment. The work was conducted in close cooperation with border regions and GSHAP regional centers. The hazard was originally computed in terms of expected MSK intensity and then transformed into expected peak ground acceleration with 10% exceedance probability in 50 years.

scholarly journals Seismic hazard assessment of Iran

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Tavakoli ◽  
M. Ghafory-Ashtiany
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Grid Point ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Earthquake Hazard ◽  
Seismic Source ◽  
Historical Earthquakes ◽  
Earthquake Insurance ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Seismic Source Models

The development of the new seismic hazard map of Iran is based on probabilistic seismic hazard computation using the historical earthquakes data, geology, tectonics, fault activity and seismic source models in Iran. These maps have been prepared to indicate the earthquake hazard of Iran in the form of iso-acceleration contour lines, and seismic hazard zoning, by using current probabilistic procedures. They display the probabilistic estimates of Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) for the return periods of 75 and 475 years. The maps have been divided into intervals of 0.25 degrees in both latitudinal and longitudinal directions to calculate the peak ground acceleration values at each grid point and draw the seismic hazard curves. The results presented in this study will provide the basis for the preparation of seismic risk maps, the estimation of earthquake insurance premiums, and the preliminary site evaluation of critical facilities.

scholarly journals SPECIFICS OF FORECASTING METHODOLOGY INDUSTRIAL INJURIES AND PROFESSIONAL DISEASES

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Yury POLUKAROV ◽  
Olena ZEMLYANSKA ◽  
Nataliia KACHYNSKA ◽  
Liudmyla MITIUK
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Information Analysis ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Analysis System

Purpose. Substantiate the need for development of new scientific and methodological foundations for forecasting occupational injuries and illnesses. Methodology. Analyze existing methods of occupational injuries and illnesses forecasting, propose a new algorithm for calculation of their levels, set scientific and methodological requirements to information analysis system used for the prevention of occupational illnesses. Findings. Modern methods of forecasting injuries make it possible to assess the effectiveness of preventive measures. However, there is no universal method for analyzing the occupational morbidity due to the different specifics of disease causes and manifestations which do not allow to conduct a realistic assessment of labor protection in a particular area over a given period of time. Therefore, it is the reduction in the level of occupational injuries and illnesses compared to the data obtained by the forecasting method that may be indicative of preventive measures effectiveness. At the same time, development of information analysis system of personal protective equipment continues to be a pressing issue (PPE). Originality. It has been proposed to develop a special mathematical tool for determining loss reduction and information analysis system, which will provide a forecasted estimate of occupational morbidity at an enterprise. To obtain a reliable forecast it is important to identify the average value of cases over a given period of time, which has been considered in this paper. Conclusions and Practical Significance. There are numerous methods available for analysis of occupational injuries and illnesses. Most of them, however, are unfit for the assessment of occupational diseases. Since chronic occupational illnesses have a cumulative nature, the rate of work-related diseases is more predictable than that of injuries and accidents. This makes it possible to determine the “occupational morbidity rate” provided that the time spent by workers in the area of exposure to occupational hazards is recorded together with reference data on the conditional level of exposure to each hazard. Keywords: forecasting, injuries, occupational morbidity, occupational safety activities, hazard, information analysis system.

Evaluation of Peak Ground Acceleration and Response Spectra Considering the Local Site Effects

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Sitharam ◽  
K. S. Vipin
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Site Effects ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Probabilistic Logic ◽  
Site Classification ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Local Site Effects ◽  
Local Site

The local site effects play an important role in the evaluation of seismic hazard. The proper evaluation of the local site effects will help in evaluating the amplification factors for different locations. This article deals with the evaluation of peak ground acceleration and response spectra based on the local site effects for the study area. The seismic hazard analysis was done based on a probabilistic logic tree approach and the peak horizontal acceleration (PHA) values at the bed rock level were evaluated. Different methods of site classification have been reviewed in the present work. The surface level peak ground acceleration (PGA) values were evaluated for the entire study area for four different site classes based on NEHRP site classification. The uniform hazard response spectrum (UHRS) has been developed for the city of Bangalore and the details are presented in this work.

scholarly journals The local Universe in the era of large surveys – I. Spectral classification of S0 galaxies

2020 ◽  
Vol 495 (4) ◽  
pp. 4135-4157 ◽  
Author(s):  
J L Tous ◽  
J M Solanes ◽  
J D Perea
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Type ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Interesting Possibility ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Free Machine

ABSTRACT This is the first paper in a series devoted to review the main properties of galaxies designated S0 in the Hubble classification system. Our aim is to gather abundant and, above all, robust information on the most relevant physical parameters of this poorly understood morphological type and their possible dependence on the environment, which could later be used to assess their possible formation channel(s). The adopted approach combines the characterization of the fundamental features of the optical spectra of $68\, 043$ S0 with heliocentric z ≲ 0.1 with the exploration of a comprehensive set of their global attributes. A principal component analysis is used to reduce the huge number of dimensions of the spectral data to a low-dimensional space facilitating a bias-free machine-learning-based classification of the galaxies. This procedure has revealed that objects bearing the S0 designation consist, despite their similar morphology, of two separate subpopulations with statistically inconsistent physical properties. Compared to the absorption-dominated S0, those with significant nebular emission are, on average, somewhat less massive, more luminous with less concentrated light profiles, have a younger, bluer, and metal-poorer stellar component, and avoid high-galaxy-density regions. Noteworthy is the fact that the majority of members of this latter class, which accounts for at least a quarter of the local S0 population, show star formation rates and spectral characteristics entirely similar to those seen in late spirals. Our findings suggest that star-forming S0 might be less rare than hitherto believed and raise the interesting possibility of identifying them with plausible progenitors of their quiescent counterparts.

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